Oral Biology Test

Widely accepted theory of dental caries is:

All of the muscles mastication is involved in closing the mandible except:

During tooth eruption into the oral cavity, what happens to the epithelial covering of the enamel:

The extrinsic muscles of the tongue:

The embryological origin of the hyoid bone is:

Actual eruptive movements of tooth occur mainly in a:

Miller put forth the acidogenic theory of dental caries in the year:

For a bacterium to be seriously considered in the etiology of dental caries, it must:

In humans, which branchial arch rudimentary is:

The following embryonic structures contribute to the formation of lower lip:

The reduced enamel epithelium is derived from:

Concerning cleft lips and cleft palates:

Deglutition is the complex process that:

All of the following statements about the eruption of a permanent tooth and the exfoliation of its predecessor are true, except:

All of the following is a part of the tooth germ except:

The number of roots that are formed is determined by the:

The secretions of salivary glands are:

One of the following is a component of tooth germ:

The primary cause of periodontal disease is:

The following organisms is found in deep carious lesions rather than in incipient lesions is:

The palate is derived from three primordia:

One of the following is associated with an erupted tooth:

The medial pterygoid follows the same angle as masseter arising from the medial pterygoid plate, where does it attach on the mandible at:

First branchial arch is supplied by:

Senile carious lesions are most commonly found exclusively on the following areas of the teeth:

The following Which contain blood vessels is:

All of the following anomalies of the head and neck, except

The dental sac is:

In patient with reduced salivary flow the carious incidence is:

Pharyngeal pouches:

The ectomesenchymal cell condensation just beneath the enamel organ is called:

Histological changes occurring during the eruptive phase:

Cavity formation in a tooth, due to dental caries is due to:

Taste Buds are located:

In the post-eruptive phase, a tooth undergoes primarily:

What is Yamanaka’s factors?

The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product such as a protein?

What is the biggest conflict of using mesenchymal stem cells?

The biggest different of outcome between repair and regeneration on tissue is tissue scaring.?

One strategy to accomplish this goal is nuclear reprogramming, a technique that involves experimentally inducing a stable change in the nucleus of a mature cell that can then be maintained and replicated as the cell divides through mitosis. ?

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a type of immunoprecipitation experimental technique used to investigate the interaction between?

Why transcription factors is the most import key to generate iPSc, cell reprogramming?

The biggest concern of using iPSc as a regenerative tool is the possible of cancer provoke due to infection of transcription factors.?

Activation, or promotion – increase the rate of gene transcription?

What is the outcome of regeneration?

Growth factors typically act as signalling molecules between cells. Examples are cytokines and hormones that bind to specific receptors on the cytoplasm of their target cells.?

Transcription factor is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from messenger RNA to DNA, by binding to a specific ribosomes.?

An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism which is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.?

Ethical issues associated with the production of ESCs do apply to iPSCs, which offer a controversial strategy to generate patient-specific stem cell lines.?

Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: FGF, fibroblast growth factor.?

Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time that implantation would normally occur in the uterus. Normally, it takes about 10 days.?

Upon introduction of reprogramming factors, cells begin to form colonies that resemble pluripotent stem cells, which can be isolated based on their:?

Transcription factors sometime is called ?

Retroviruses used to deliver the four transcription factors in the earliest studies is safe to generating iPSCs.?

Morphology of mesenchymal stem cells ?

Four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) sometimes is called Yamanaka’s factors.?

What is the outcome of repair?

Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time that implantation would normally occur in?

Cre-Lox recombination is a site-specific recombinase technology, used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites?

The inner cell mass cells have the potential to generate any cell type of the body, but after implantation, they are quickly depleted as they differentiate to other cell types with more limited developmental potential. ?