Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

b. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

c. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

d. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

e. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

2 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. area cribosa.

b. vascular pole.

c. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

d. urinary (tubular) pole.

e. mesangium

3 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

b. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

c. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

d. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

e. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

4 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

b. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

c. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

d. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

5 / 60

Podocytes are:

a. not epithelial cells.

b. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

c. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

d. simple squamous epithelial cells.

e. simple columnar epithelial cells.

6 / 60

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. mucosa

b. dermis

c. epidermis

d. lamina propria

e. hypodermis

7 / 60

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. cortex

b. papillae

c. calyx

d. medulla

e. pelvis

8 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. interlobar arteries.

b. vasa recta.

c. interlobular arteries.

d. afferent arteries.

e. arcuate arteries.

9 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. adipose connective tissue.

d. endothelium.

e. dense fibrous connective tissue.

10 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration slit is around 20 to 30 nm.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

d. The transport of sodium ions over the epithelia lining the ascending thin and straight distal tubules creates the osmotic gradient necessary for the resorption of water from the urine passing through the collecting ducts.

e. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

11 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. medulla

b. papillae

c. pelvis

d. calyx

e. cortex

12 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

b. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

d. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

e. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

13 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(2)

a. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

d. The vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

14 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

b. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

c. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

d. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

e. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

15 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. peritubular capillaries.

d. afferent arterioles.

e. efferent arterioles.

16 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. epidermis

b. papillary layer of dermis.

c. hypodermis

d. sweat gland.

e. reticular layer of dermis.

17 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

b. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

c. Leydig cells are located inside the seminiferous tubule.

d. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

e. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

18 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

b. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

c. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

d. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

e. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

19 / 60

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. podocyte foot processes.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. mesangial cells.

d. pericytes

e. fibroblasts

20 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. sebaceous gland.

b. duct of sweat gland.

c. arrector pili muscle.

d. hair follicle.

e. secretory portion of sweat gland.

21 / 60

The basement membrane lies between:

a. stratum basale and stratum spinosum.

b. papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

c. stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

d. epidermis and dermis.

e. stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

22 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

b. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

c. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

d. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

e. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

23 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

24 / 60

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. peritubular capillaries.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. efferent arterioles.

e. arcuate arteries.

25 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

b. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

c. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

d. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

e. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

26 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

b. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

c. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

e. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

27 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. loop of Henle.

b. collecting duct.

c. proximal convoluted tubule.

d. distal convoluted tubule.

e. glomerulus.

28 / 60

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. epidermis

c. hypodermis

d. mucosa

e. dermis

29 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. eccrine sweat glands.

b. submucosal glands.

c. mammary glands.

d. lymphatic glands.

e. sebaceous glands.

30 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

31 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. vascular pole.

b. mesangium.

c. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

d. area cribosa.

e. urinary (tubular) pole

32 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Simple squamous epithelium

b. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Pseudostratified epithelium

33 / 60

Which of the following is the receptor for color?

a. . Rods

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Cones

d. . Horizontal cells

e. . Bipolar cells

34 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Compact bone

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Fibrocartilage

e. . Spongy bone

35 / 60

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?

a. . Hyaline cartilage, Elastic cartilage

b. . Hyaline cartilage

c. . Elastic cartilage

d. . Fibrocartilage

36 / 60

What makes up the bulk of the sclera?

a. . Reticular fibers

b. . Elastic fibers

c. . Myofibrils

d. . Collagen fibers

e. . Purkinje fibers

37 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Utricle

b. . Organ of Corti

c. . Saccule, Utricle

d. . Saccule

e. . Semicircular canals

38 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Rods, Cones

c. . Bipolar cells

d. . Cones

e. . Rods

39 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

b. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Transitional epithelium

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

40 / 60

Which of the following is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Receptor cells

b. . Supporting cells

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Neurons

e. . Pigmented epithelium

41 / 60

Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Alveolar ducts

b. . Alveoli

c. . Bronchi

d. . Alveolar sacs

e. . Respiratory bronchioles

42 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Type II pneumocyte

b. . Type I pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Dust cell

43 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 4

b. . 1

c. . 5

d. . 2

e. . 3

44 / 60

Where is the blind spot?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Optic disc

c. . Fovea centralis

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Ciliary body

45 / 60

What is the anterior pigmented portion of the retina called?

a. . Choroid

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Iris

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Sclera

46 / 60

Which cell type is involved in general sensation of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Sustentacular cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Olfactory cells

d. . Brush cells

47 / 60

Which structure is avascular?

a. . Choroid

b. . Retina

c. . Sclera

d. . Cornea

e. . Uvea

48 / 60

What is the space posterior to the lens?

a. . Posterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber

49 / 60

What is within the membranous labyrinth?

a. . Lymph

b. . Air

c. . Blood

d. . Endolymph

e. . Perilymph

50 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Iris

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Pigmented epithelium

e. . Cornea

51 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Alveolar duct

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Alveoli

e. . Terminal bronchiole

52 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Scala vestibuli

c. . Cochlear duct

d. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

53 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Alveoli

e. . Alveolar duct

54 / 60

What type of tissue lines the paranasal sinuses?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

55 / 60

What structure is shaped like a snail shell?

a. . Cochlea

b. . Organ of Corti

c. . Utricle

d. . Saccule

e. . Semicircular canals

56 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Cones

b. . Muller's cells

c. . Huxley's layer

d. . Horizontal cells

e. . Pigment epithelium

57 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Iris

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Choroid

e. . Cornea

58 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Fovea centralis

b. . Lamina vitrea

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Ciliary body

59 / 60

Where is the region associated with maximum visual acuity?

a. . Optic disc

b. . Lamina vitrea

c. . Lamina cribrosa

d. . Fovea centralis

e. . Ciliary body

60 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Cornea

c. . Choroid

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Pigmented epithelium

Your score is

The average score is 35%

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