Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Dust cell

b. . Kupffer cells

c. . Langerhans cell

d. . Histiocyte

e. . Microglia

2 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Simple squamous epithelium

e. . Pseudostratified epithelium

3 / 60

What is the inner layer of the choroid?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Optic disc

d. . Fovea centralis

e. . Lamina cribrosa

4 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Alveolar duct

b. . Alveoli

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Terminal bronchiole

5 / 60

What is the space posterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

c. . Vitreal cavity

d. . Posterior chamber

6 / 60

What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas exchange occurs?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveolar sac

d. . Alveoli

e. . Respiratory bronchiole

7 / 60

What structure adjusts the shape of the lens?

a. . Orbicularis oculi

b. . Internal oblique muscle

c. . Ciliary muscle

d. . Levator muscle

e. . Tarsus

8 / 60

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the cornea?

a. . Substantia propria

b. . Lamina vitrea

c. . Bowman's membrane

d. . Endothelium

e. . Descemet's membrane

9 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Clara cell

c. . Dust cell

d. . Type II pneumocyte

e. . Brush cell

10 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Schlemm

b. . Canaliculi

c. . Canal of Muller

d. . Canal of Descemet

e. . Canal of Hering

11 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. . Organ of Corti

b. . Utricle

c. . Saccule

d. . Semicircular canals

e. . Saccule, Utricle

12 / 60

Which cell type is located at the basal lamina of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Sustentacular cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Basal cells

13 / 60

Where is the blind spot?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Fovea centralis

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Lamina cribrosa

14 / 60

What is the region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Fovea centralis

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Optic disc

15 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Iris

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Cornea

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Choroid

16 / 60

What structure is similar to a “bunch of grapes?

a. . Alveoli

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Terminal bronchiole

e. . Alveolar sac

17 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 1

b. . 4

c. . 2

d. . 3

e. . 5

18 / 60

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?

a. . Hyaline cartilage, Elastic cartilage

b. . Fibrocartilage

c. . Elastic cartilage

d. . Hyaline cartilage

19 / 60

Which cartilage of the larynx is made of elastic cartilage?

a. . Epiglottis

b. . Corniculate cartilage

c. . Thyroid cartilage

d. . Cricoid cartilage

e. . Arytenoid cartilage

20 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Elastic cartilage

b. . Hyaline cartilage

c. . Spongy bone

d. . Compact bone

e. . Fibrocartilage

21 / 60

Which of the following is a type of neuron?

a. . Pigmented epithelium

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Supporting cells

d. . Rods

e. . Cones

22 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

b. . Cochlear duct

c. . Scala tympani

d. . Scala vestibuli

23 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Rods

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Cones

d. . Rods, Cones

e. . Bipolar cells

24 / 60

What is the vascular pigmented structure?

a. . Iris

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Choroid

d. . Lens

e. . Ora serrate

25 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Bowman's membrane

b. . Epithelium

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Endothelium

26 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Fovea centralis

b. . Lamina vitrea

c. . Lamina cribrosa

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Optic disc

27 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. epidermal appendages

b. arrector pili muscle

c. Meissner's corpuscles

d. sweat gland ducts

e. dermal papillae

28 / 60

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. collecting duct epithelium.

b. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

c. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

d. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

29 / 60

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. mesangial cells.

b. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

c. podocyte foot processes

d. capillary fenestrations.

e. capillary endothelial cells.

30 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. pelvis

b. calyx

c. papilla

d. cortex

e. medulla

31 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

b. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

c. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

d. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

32 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

b. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

c. podocytes.

d. mesangial cells.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

33 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. mesangial cells.

b. fenestrated endothelium.

c. podocytes foot processes.

d. continuous endothelium.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

34 / 60

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. calyx

b. cortex

c. medulla

d. papillae

e. pelvis

35 / 60

The basement membrane lies between:

a. papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

b. stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

c. stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

d. stratum basale and stratum spinosum.

e. epidermis and dermis.

36 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. arrector pili muscle.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. duct of sweat gland.

d. hair follicle.

e. secretory portion of sweat gland.

37 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. area cribosa.

b. mesangium.

c. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

d. urinary (tubular) pole

e. vascular pole.

38 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

b. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

c. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

39 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

c. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

d. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

e. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

40 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

b. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

c. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

d. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

e. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

41 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. renin.

b. urea.

c. aldosterone.

d. antiduretic hormone.

e. angiotensinogen.

42 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. papillae.

b. pelvis.

c. medulla.

d. calyx.

e. cortex

43 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

b. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

c. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

d. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

e. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

44 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

b. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

d. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

45 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

b. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

c. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

d. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

e. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

46 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

b. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

d. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

47 / 60

Which of the following is NOT an “epidermal appendage” (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. hair follicle.

c. duct of sweat gland.

d. sebaceous gland.

e. arrector pili muscle.

48 / 60

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. renal pelvis.

b. proximal urethra.

c. bladder.

d. Bowman's capsule.

e. ureter.

49 / 60

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. mesangial cells.

b. podocytes.

c. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

d. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

50 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

b. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

c. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

d. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

e. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

51 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

b. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

c. Transitional epithelium lines the ureter.

d. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

52 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

53 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Ovarian surface is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

b. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary ovarian follicles.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

e. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

54 / 60

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. thin skin

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum spinosum

d. stratum corneum

e. stratum basale

55 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

b. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

d. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

e. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

56 / 60

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. mesangial cells.

b. fibroblasts

c. podocyte foot processes.

d. pericytes

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

57 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

b. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

c. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

e. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

58 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. interlobular arteries.

b. afferent arteries.

c. vasa recta.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. interlobar arteries.

59 / 60

The region of the kidney where artery, vein and ureter are attached is called the:

a. calyx.

b. hilus.

c. cortex.

d. pelvis.

e. medulla.

60 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

c. collecting duct epithelium.

d. transitional epithelium.

e. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

Your score is

The average score is 46%

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