Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

b. adipose connective tissue.

c. endothelium.

d. dense fibrous connective tissue.

e. transitional epithelium.

2 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

b. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

c. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

d. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

3 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

b. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

c. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

d. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

e. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

4 / 60

Which cell type of the epidermis is involved in the mediation of immune responses?

a. melanocyte

b. keratinocyte

c. Langerhans cell

d. Merkel cell

e. myoepithelial cell

5 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. epidermal appendages

b. arrector pili muscle

c. dermal papillae

d. sweat gland ducts

e. Meissner's corpuscles

6 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. smooth muscle.

b. glandular epithelium.

c. columnar epithelium.

d. squamous epithelium.

e. lymphocytes

7 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(4)

a. The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

b. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

c. The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

8 / 60

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. macula densa.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. mesangial cells.

d. podocytes.

e. transitional epithelium.

9 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

d. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

10 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

b. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

c. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

d. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

e. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

11 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. podocytes foot processes.

b. mesangial cells.

c. continuous endothelium.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. fenestrated endothelium.

12 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

b. The corpus albicans of the ovary is the functional homologue of the tunica albuginea in males.

c. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. The granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle secrete progesterone.

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

13 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

b. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

d. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

14 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

b. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

c. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

d. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

e. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

15 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

b. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

c. podocytes.

d. mesangial cells.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

16 / 60

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. dermis

b. hypodermis

c. lamina propria

d. epidermis

e. mucosa

17 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. papillae

b. pelvis

c. calyx

d. cortex

e. medulla

18 / 60

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. keratinocyte

b. fibroblast

c. myoepithelial cell

d. melanocyte

e. Langerhans cell

19 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

e. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

20 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the basal layer.

b. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum corneum.

d. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

21 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

b. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

22 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

b. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

c. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

d. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

e. There are six layers to the epidermis.

23 / 60

Mesangial cells are:

a. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

b. not epithelial cells.

c. simple squamous epithelial cells.

d. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

e. simple columnar epithelial cells.

24 / 60

The outer lining of Bowman’s capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:

a. podocytes

b. pericytes

c. squamous cells.

d. mesangial cells.

e. cuboidal cells.

25 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

b. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

c. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

26 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

b. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

e. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

27 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. loop of Henle.

b. proximal convoluted tubule.

c. collecting duct.

d. glomerulus.

e. distal convoluted tubule.

28 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum corneum.

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum granulosum.

d. stratum lucidum.

e. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

29 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. submucosal glands.

b. lymphatic glands.

c. mammary glands.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. eccrine sweat glands.

30 / 60

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. podocytes.

b. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

31 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Elastic cartilage

b. . Hyaline cartilage

c. . Fibrocartilage

d. . Spongy bone

e. . Compact bone

32 / 60

What structure adjusts the shape of the lens?

a. . Tarsus

b. . Orbicularis oculi

c. . Levator muscle

d. . Internal oblique muscle

e. . Ciliary muscle

33 / 60

Which cartilage of the larynx is made of elastic cartilage?

a. . Arytenoid cartilage

b. . Cricoid cartilage

c. . Thyroid cartilage

d. . Corniculate cartilage

e. . Epiglottis

34 / 60

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. . Air

b. . Endolymph

c. . Perilymph

d. . Blood

e. . Lymph

35 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Descemet

b. . Canal of Schlemm

c. . Canaliculi

d. . Canal of Muller

e. . Canal of Hering

36 / 60

Which cell type is most numerous in olfactory mucosa?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Sustentacular cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Basal cells

37 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

b. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

c. . Vitreal cavity

d. . Posterior chamber

e. . Anterior chamber

38 / 60

What structure is similar to a “bunch of grapes?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveoli

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Terminal bronchiole

39 / 60

Which of the following is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Pigmented epithelium

b. . Supporting cells

c. . Neurons

d. . Receptor cells

e. . Ciliary body

40 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Rods, Cones

c. . Rods

d. . Cones

e. . Bipolar cells

41 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Semicircular canals

b. . Saccule, Utricle

c. . Saccule

d. . Organ of Corti

e. . Utricle

42 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Transitional epithelium

c. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

43 / 60

What is within the membranous labyrinth?

a. . Perilymph

b. . Endolymph

c. . Lymph

d. . Blood

e. . Air

44 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Choroid

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Iris

e. . Cornea

45 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Choroid

b. . Iris

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Sclera

46 / 60

What is the space posterior to the iris?

a. . Posterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber

47 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Alveolar sac

b. . Alveoli

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Terminal bronchiole

48 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. . Saccule

b. . Semicircular canals

c. . Organ of Corti

d. . Saccule, Utricle

e. . Utricle

49 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Amacrine cells

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Rods

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Henle's layer

50 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Muller's cells

b. . Horizontal cells

c. . Cones

d. . Pigment epithelium

e. . Huxley's layer

51 / 60

Which cell is found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?

a. . Brush cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Dust cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Type I pneumocyte

52 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Dust cell

b. . Clara cell

c. . Type I pneumocyte

d. . Type II pneumocyte

e. . Brush cell

53 / 60

What is an olfactory cell?

a. . Multipolar neuron

b. . Supporting cell

c. . Bipolar neuron

d. . Unipolar neuron

54 / 60

What is the space posterior to the lens?

a. . Posterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

55 / 60

What is the region called where the optic nerve exits the eye?

a. . Ora serrate

b. . Os

c. . Optic disc

d. . Optic chiasm

e. . Lamina cribrosa

56 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the vestibule?

a. . Simple squamous epithelium

b. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Transitional epithelium

57 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Vibration

b. . Sound

c. . Position

d. . Movement

58 / 60

What is the inner layer of the choroid?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Fovea centralis

d. . Optic disc

e. . Lamina vitrea

59 / 60

Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ of Corti?

a. . Hair cells

b. . Inner border cells

c. . Cells of Hensen

d. . Inner pillar cells

e. . Outer phalangeal cells

60 / 60

Which contains endolymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Scala vestibuli

c. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

d. . Cochlear duct

Your score is

The average score is 35%

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