Histologie Test

27 votes, 4.9 avg

You will have 60 minutes to complete all the questions. After the timer reaches 60 minutes, the exam will end and be saved automatically. Good luck! *Fingers crossed*

The timer has been reached. The exam has now been terminated and saved.

Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

b. Merkel cells.

c. melanocytes

d. fibroblasts

e. Langerhans cells.

2 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. reticular layer of dermis.

b. sweat gland.

c. papillary layer of dermis.

d. hypodermis

e. epidermis

3 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. urea.

b. aldosterone.

c. angiotensinogen.

d. antiduretic hormone.

e. renin.

4 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

b. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

c. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

e. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

5 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. vascular pole.

b. mesangium

c. urinary (tubular) pole.

d. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

e. area cribosa.

6 / 60

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. calyx

b. medulla

c. papillae

d. pelvis

e. cortex

7 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

b. There are six layers to the epidermis.

c. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

e. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

8 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

b. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

c. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

d. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

e. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

9 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

b. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

e. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

10 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. eccrine sweat glands.

b. lymphatic glands.

c. submucosal glands.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. mammary glands.

11 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. pelvis.

b. cortex

c. papillae.

d. medulla.

e. calyx.

12 / 60

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. dermis

b. epidermis

c. lamina propria

d. hypodermis

e. mucosa

13 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

b. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

c. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

d. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

e. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

14 / 60

Which structures are present in “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. arrector pili.

b. sweat glands.

c. apocrine sweat glands.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. hair follicles.

15 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. podocytes.

b. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

c. mesangial cells.

d. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

16 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

b. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

d. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

e. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

17 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

b. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

c. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

d. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

e. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

18 / 60

Which of the following is NOT an “epidermal appendage” (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. hair follicle.

d. duct of sweat gland.

e. arrector pili muscle.

19 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis do cells contain keratohyalin granules?

a. papillary dermis

b. hairy skin

c. stratum granulosum

d. pilosebaceous unit

e. hair follicle

20 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

b. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

c. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

d. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

e. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

21 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. dermal papillae

b. epidermal appendages

c. Meissner's corpuscles

d. sweat gland ducts

e. arrector pili muscle

22 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

b. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

c. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

d. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

e. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

23 / 60

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. stratum spinosum

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum corneum

d. thin skin

e. stratum basale

24 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

b. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

c. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

25 / 60

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

d. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

e. podocytes.

26 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. arcuate arteries.

b. afferent arteries.

c. interlobular arteries.

d. interlobar arteries.

e. vasa recta.

27 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

b. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

c. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

d. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

e. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

28 / 60

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. epidermis

c. dermis

d. mucosa

e. hypodermis

29 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(1)

a. The transport of sodium ions over the epithelia lining the ascending thin and straight distal tubules creates the osmotic gradient necessary for the resorption of water from the urine passing through the collecting ducts.

b. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

c. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

d. The glomerular filtration slit is around 20 to 30 nm.

e. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

30 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

b. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

c. modified smooth muscle cells.

d. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

e. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

31 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. proximal convoluted tubule.

b. collecting duct.

c. loop of Henle.

d. glomerulus.

e. distal convoluted tubule.

32 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. squamous epithelium.

b. columnar epithelium.

c. smooth muscle.

d. lymphocytes

e. glandular epithelium.

33 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. peritubular capillaries.

c. arcuate arteries.

d. efferent arterioles.

e. afferent arterioles.

34 / 60

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. hypodermis

b. papillary dermis

c. dermis

d. stratum basale of epidermis.

e. stratum corneum of epidermis

35 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

c. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

36 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells are located inside the seminiferous tubule.

b. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

c. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

d. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

e. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

37 / 60

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. epidermis

b. dermis

c. mucosa

d. lamina propria

e. hypodermis

38 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the vestibule?

a. . Stratified squamous epithelium

b. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Simple squamous epithelium

e. . Transitional epithelium

39 / 60

What makes up the bulk of the sclera?

a. . Elastic fibers

b. . Purkinje fibers

c. . Myofibrils

d. . Collagen fibers

e. . Reticular fibers

40 / 60

Which structure is avascular?

a. . Uvea

b. . Sclera

c. . Choroid

d. . Cornea

e. . Retina

41 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Transitional epithelium

e. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

42 / 60

Which cell type is most numerous in olfactory mucosa?

a. . Sustentacular cells

b. . Olfactory cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Basal cells

43 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Spongy bone

b. . Compact bone

c. . Fibrocartilage

d. . Hyaline cartilage

e. . Elastic cartilage

44 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Hering

b. . Canal of Muller

c. . Canal of Descemet

d. . Canal of Schlemm

e. . Canaliculi

45 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Microglia

b. . Kupffer cells

c. . Langerhans cell

d. . Histiocyte

e. . Dust cell

46 / 60

What is the vascular pigmented structure?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Choroid

c. . Ora serrate

d. . Iris

e. . Lens

47 / 60

What type of epithelium is on the surface of the cornea?

a. . Simple cuboidal

b. . Simple squamous

c. . Stratified squamous

d. . Transitional epithelium

e. . Simple columnar

48 / 60

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. . Perilymph

b. . Lymph

c. . Endolymph

d. . Air

e. . Blood

49 / 60

What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas exchange occurs?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Terminal bronchiole

c. . Alveoli

d. . Alveolar duct

e. . Alveolar sac

50 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Clara cell

c. . Type II pneumocyte

d. . Dust cell

e. . Brush cell

51 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Vibration

b. . Position

c. . Sound

d. . Movement

52 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Henle's layer

c. . Amacrine cells

d. . Rods

e. . Ganglion cells

53 / 60

What is the region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Lamina vitrea

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Optic disc

e. . Fovea centralis

54 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

c. . Cochlear duct

d. . Scala vestibuli

55 / 60

Where is the organ of Corti?

a. . Utricle

b. . Crista ampullaris

c. . Semicircular canals

d. . Cochlea

e. . Saccule

56 / 60

Which cell type is involved in general sensation of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Brush cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Sustentacular cells

d. . Olfactory cells

57 / 60

Which is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Bipolar cells

c. . Rods

d. . Uvea

e. . Cones

58 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveolar sac

d. . Alveoli

e. . Terminal bronchiole

59 / 60

What is the space anterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Posterior chamber

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Vitreal cavity

60 / 60

Which layer forms the majority of the cornea?

a. . Epithelium

b. . Bowman's membrane

c. . Descemet's membrane

d. . Substantia propria

e. . Endothelium

Your score is

The average score is 35%

Any comments?

Any problems/errors or mistakes found while testing, please let us know for modification!

និស្សិតអាចប្រាប់មកកាន់ពួកយើងបានដើម្បីកែកំហុស ឬអំពីបញ្ហាដោយអចេតនាណាមួយដែលកើតមានកំឡុងពេលធ្វើតេស្ត