Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. . Saccule, Utricle

b. . Organ of Corti

c. . Semicircular canals

d. . Saccule

e. . Utricle

2 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Muller

b. . Canal of Schlemm

c. . Canaliculi

d. . Canal of Hering

e. . Canal of Descemet

3 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Pigment epithelium

b. . Horizontal cells

c. . Muller's cells

d. . Huxley's layer

e. . Cones

4 / 60

Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ of Corti?

a. . Cells of Hensen

b. . Inner border cells

c. . Hair cells

d. . Inner pillar cells

e. . Outer phalangeal cells

5 / 60

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the cornea?

a. . Bowman's membrane

b. . Endothelium

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Descemet's membrane

e. . Lamina vitrea

6 / 60

What is the anterior pigmented portion of the retina called?

a. . Ora serrata

b. . Choroid

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Iris

e. . Sclera

7 / 60

How many layers does the retina have?

a. . 4

b. . 1

c. . 2

d. . 10

e. . 5

8 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Optic disc

c. . Lamina vitrea

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Fovea centralis

9 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Cornea

b. . Pigmented epithelium

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Sclera

e. . Choroid

10 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Endothelium

b. . Epithelium

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Bowman's membrane

11 / 60

What structure adjusts the shape of the lens?

a. . Orbicularis oculi

b. . Tarsus

c. . Levator muscle

d. . Internal oblique muscle

e. . Ciliary muscle

12 / 60

Which of the following is the receptor for color?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Horizontal cells

c. . Rods

d. . Cones

e. . Ganglion cells

13 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Cornea

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Iris

d. . Pigmented epithelium

e. . Sclera

14 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Histiocyte

b. . Kupffer cells

c. . Langerhans cell

d. . Microglia

e. . Dust cell

15 / 60

Where on the retina are there no photoreceptors?

a. . Fovea centralis

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Optic disc

e. . Lamina vitrea

16 / 60

Which layer forms the majority of the cornea?

a. . Endothelium

b. . Descemet's membrane

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Epithelium

e. . Bowman's membrane

17 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

c. . Cochlear duct

d. . Scala vestibuli

18 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Fibrocartilage

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Spongy bone

e. . Compact bone

19 / 60

What type of tissue lines the paranasal sinuses?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Transitional epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

20 / 60

What is the middle layer of the eyeball?

a. . Cones

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Uvea

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Rods

21 / 60

What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas exchange occurs?

a. . Alveolar sac

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Alveoli

22 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Alveolar sac

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Alveoli

e. . Respiratory bronchiole

23 / 60

What makes up the bulk of the sclera?

a. . Purkinje fibers

b. . Reticular fibers

c. . Elastic fibers

d. . Collagen fibers

e. . Myofibrils

24 / 60

Which cell is a squamous pulmonary epithelial cell?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Type I pneumocyte

d. . Dust cell

e. . Brush cell

25 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Posterior chamber

b. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Vitreal cavity

e. . Anterior chamber

26 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for position?

a. . Saccule, Utricle

b. . Saccule

c. . Organ of Corti

d. . Semicircular canals

e. . Utricle

27 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Sound

b. . Position

c. . Vibration

d. . Movement

28 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. peritubular capillaries.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. efferent arterioles.

e. arcuate arteries.

29 / 60

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. Langerhans cells.

b. melanocytes

c. Merkel cells.

d. fibroblasts

e. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

30 / 60

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. dermis

b. hypodermis

c. mucosa

d. epidermis

e. lamina propria

31 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)

a. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids.

d. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

e. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

32 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. interlobar arteries.

d. afferent arteries.

e. interlobular arteries.

33 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(7)

a. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

d. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

e. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

34 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis do cells contain keratohyalin granules?

a. hairy skin

b. stratum granulosum

c. papillary dermis

d. pilosebaceous unit

e. hair follicle

35 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(4)

a. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

b. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

c. The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex

d. The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

e. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

36 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

c. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

d. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

e. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

37 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum granulosum.

b. stratum corneum.

c. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

d. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

e. stratum lucidum.

38 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

b. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

c. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

d. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

e. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

39 / 60

Which cell type of the epidermis is involved in the mediation of immune responses?

a. melanocyte

b. keratinocyte

c. myoepithelial cell

d. Langerhans cell

e. Merkel cell

40 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. reticular layer of dermis.

b. hypodermis

c. epidermis

d. sweat gland.

e. papillary layer of dermis.

41 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

b. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum corneum.

d. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the basal layer.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

42 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

b. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

c. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

d. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

e. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

43 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

c. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

d. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

e. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

44 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

b. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

c. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

d. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

45 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. proximal convoluted tubule.

b. loop of Henle.

c. collecting duct.

d. distal convoluted tubule.

e. glomerulus.

46 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. arrector pili muscle.

b. hair follicle.

c. sebaceous gland.

d. duct of sweat gland.

e. secretory portion of sweat gland.

47 / 60

Mesangial cells are:

a. simple squamous epithelial cells.

b. not epithelial cells.

c. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

48 / 60

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. hypodermis

b. mucosa

c. epidermis

d. lamina propria

e. dermis

49 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

b. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

c. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

d. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

e. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

50 / 60

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. juxtaglomerular cells.

b. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

c. podocytes.

d. mesangial cells.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

51 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. medulla.

b. pelvis.

c. calyx.

d. papillae.

e. cortex

52 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. renin.

b. angiotensinogen.

c. aldosterone.

d. antiduretic hormone.

e. urea.

53 / 60

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. melanocyte

b. myoepithelial cell

c. fibroblast

d. Langerhans cell

e. keratinocyte

54 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

b. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

c. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

55 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

b. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

c. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

d. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

e. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

56 / 60

Podocytes are:

a. not epithelial cells.

b. simple squamous epithelial cells.

c. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

57 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

b. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

c. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

58 / 60

Which connective tissue layer lies closest to the epidermis:

a. stratum corneum

b. reticular layer of dermis.

c. hypodermis

d. lamina propria

e. papillary layer of dermis.

59 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. The granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle secrete progesterone.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. The corpus albicans of the ovary is the functional homologue of the tunica albuginea in males.

60 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. pelvis

b. calyx

c. cortex

d. papilla

e. medulla

Your score is

The average score is 46%

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