1) What is the primary reason for the annual variation in the influenza vaccine
composition?

2) Which of the following statements is true regarding viral culture for influenza
diagnosis?

3) Which of the following describes the process of antigenic shift in the influenza virus?

4) Which cells are primarily infected by HSV-2 during the initial infection?

5) If the patient’s symptoms of Influenza do not improve or worsen, what should be
the next step?

6) Which of the following is a common complication of influenza, especially in high-risk
populations?

7) Which of the following preventive measures should be recommended to the patient
to reduce the risk of influenza transmission?

8) What is the role of glycoproteins on the surface of HSV-1 in its pathogenesis?

9) Which of the following antiviral medications is most commonly used to treat HSV-1
outbreaks?

10) Which of the following best describes the initial site of infection for the influenza
virus?

11) Where does HSV-2 establish latency in the body after the initial infection?

12) How does the neuraminidase (NA) protein of the influenza virus contribute to viral
pathogenesis?

13) How soon after the onset of symptoms of Influenza should antiviral treatment be
initiated for maximum effectiveness?

14) What triggers the reactivation of latent HSV-2, leading to recurrent outbreaks?

15) Which of the following is the most appropriate specimen for laboratory diagnosis of
influenza?

16) What is a major limitation of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs)?

17) Which of the following is a common reason for false-negative results in rapid
influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs)?

18) Which antiviral medication is most commonly used to treat HSV-2 outbreaks?

19) What type of vaccine is most commonly used for influenza immunization?

20) Which cells are primarily infected by HSV-1 during the initial infection?

21) How does HSV-2 typically remain in the body between outbreaks?

22) Which antiviral medication can be prescribed to treat influenza and potentially
reduce the duration of symptoms?

23) Why might PCR be preferred over viral culture for diagnosing HSV-1?

24) Which of the following is a typical symptom distinguishing influenza from the
common cold?

25) Which type of sample is least likely to be used for diagnosing influenza?

26) How does HSV-1 typically remain in the body between outbreaks?

27) What is the main advantage of using RT-PCR over other diagnostic methods for
influenza?

28) Which antiviral medication is commonly used for treatment of influenza?

29) Why is it important to receive an annual influenza vaccination?

30) What is the most common site for Herpes simplex 1 virus?

31) Which laboratory test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing HSV-1
infection?

32) Why might viral culture still be used despite the availability of faster diagnostic
methods like RT-PCR?

33) What is the primary function of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in the
influenza virus life cycle?

34) Which immune response is primarily responsible for controlling HSV-1
reactivation?

35) Which laboratory test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing influenza virus
infection?

36) What preventive measure can be recommended to this patient to reduce the
frequency of HSV-1 outbreaks?

37) What is the best course of action for managing the patient with influenza infection?

38) Where does HSV-1 establish latency in the body after the initial infection?

39) Mr.H.E , 30 years old, presents to the pharmacy complaining of sudden onset fever,
chills, sore throat, dry cough and muscle aches. He mentions several of her colleagues at
work have been sick with similar symptoms. He has no significant medical history and is
not currently taking any medications. He has not received her annual influenza vaccine.
Which of the following viruses is most likely responsible for the patient’s symptoms?

40) What triggers the reactivation of latent HSV-1, leading to recurrent outbreaks?

41) Which of the following diagnostic methods can differentiate between influenza A
and influenza B viruses?

42) A 30-year-old female presents to the pharmacy with complaints of painful genital sores
that appeared three days ago. She reports feeling feverish, experiencing headache, and
having swollen lymph nodes in her groin. She mentions that she had a similar episode
about a year ago, which resolved on its own. She is in a monogamous relationship but
had multiple partners in the past. She has not been diagnosed with any sexually
transmitted infections before.Which virus is most likely responsible for the patient’s
symptoms?

43) Which surface protein on the influenza virus facilitates its entry into host cells?

44) A 32-year-old female presents to the pharmacy with a painful, burning sensation on her
lip that started two days ago and has now developed into blisters. She reports a history of
similar episodes occurring about once a year, often triggered by stress or sun exposure.
The patient is otherwise healthy and not on any regular medication.

Which virus is most likely responsible for the patient’s symptoms?

45) What role do host cell receptors play in the pathogenesis of influenza?

46) Which of the following triggers can precipitate an HSV-1 outbreak?

47) What is the significance of the tegument protein in the HSV-1 virion?

48) How does HSV-1 differ from HSV-2 in terms of typical site of infection?

49) Why might PCR be preferred over viral culture for diagnosing HSV-2?

50) Which of the following populations is at increased risk for severe influenza
complications?

51) Which laboratory test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing HSV-2
infection?

52) During reactivation, HSV-2 travels from the dorsal root ganglia to which site?

53) What advice should be given to this patient to prevent the spread of influenza to
others?

54) Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of influenza?

55) Which of the following reasons is the influenza vaccine recommended annually?

56) During reactivation, HSV-1 travels from the dorsal root ganglia to which site?