1) Quantitative tools used to evaluate an element of patient care

2) ….. is about making organizations perform for their stakeholders from improving products, services, systems and processes, to making sure that the whole organisation is fit and effective?

3) Analysing performance of various processes and improving them repeatedly to achieve quality objectives

4) In health care, systematic quality improvement approaches such as Lean (see Section 4) have been used to…….

5) Care intended to help patients should not harm them.

6) The Shewhart performance improvement model

7) …. It is important to know about

8) According to the Institute of Medicine, quality of care is: desired health outcomes are consistent with current professional knowledge current professional knowledge

9) ……is the number written below the line in a common fraction that indicates the number of parts into, which one whole is divided

10) Participants …… the change (Implementing potential solutions in a small subset)

11) Which of the following objectives is not time-bound? health facilities will have reached 5000. increase by 25%

12) ………is a broad philosophy to reduce cost, eliminate variability, and improve customer satisfaction through improved design and better management strategy

13) ………is about giving the people closest to issues affecting care quality the time, permission, skills and resources.

14) The objectives of the improvement project?

15) Care should be based on scientific knowledge and provided to patients who could benefit. Care should not be provided to patients unlikely to benefit from it. In other words, underuse and overuse should be avoided

16) Which of the following are key components of a Total Quality Management system?

17) Graphic representations of a process

18) ……are process of care

19) Implement the changes on a small scale?

20) Gathering data to assess the changes affect on the process is part of which stage of QI cycle?

21) To ensure………, the steps perpetually cycle and repeat

22) …. Incorrect diagnoses, medical errors, and other sources of avoidable complications?

23) An analysis that delves into problem causes by successively asking what and why until all aspects of the situation, process, or service are reviewed and contributing factors are considered

24) Establishing effective leadership for ……

25) Which phrase is not related to quality improvement?

26) Provision of a health service that is more likely to harm than benefit the patient

27) Improvement teams can use a ………… (sometimes called a selection or prioritization matrix) to systematically identify, analyze, and rate the strength of relationships between sets of information.

28) A performance improvement approach aimed at eliminating waste; also called …

29) ……is the combination of the quality of a product and the cost at which that level of quality is achieved?

30) The Deming performance improvement model

31) The benefit of available resources and avoiding waste

32) Formal discussions between two parties in which information is exchanged?

33) Of a quality improvement perspective, the most desirable state is when?

34) The relationship between cost and quality is

35) Which of the following best describes the nature of quality measurement?

36) Using a systematic approach involving specific methods and tools to continuously improve the quality of care and outcomes for patients and service users?

37) …… results from the most efficient expenditure of resources to achieve an established high level of clinical quality?

38) Graphs used to show the relative size of different categories of a variable, on which each category or value of the variable is represented by a bar, usually with a gap between the bars; also called bar charts

39) Evaluation activities aimed at ensuring compliance with minimum quality standards

40) Implementing quality improvement to reduce complications from surgery can be done in

41) Performance improvement projects should be …….

42) Quality management involves three things people do almost every day

43) ………is one that meets a personal need or provides some benefit?

44) Avoiding harm to people from care that is intended to help them?

45) Performance expectations established by individuals or groups

46) Which of the following should not be included in the planning stage of Quality Improvement cycle?

47) A measure of the middle or expected value of a data set

48) Providing services based on evidence that produce a clear benefit?

49) …is one that meets or exceeds expectations. Expectations can change, so quality must be continuously improved.

50) One crucial elements of or steps in a quality improvement system is Staff, doctors, nurse

51) When a manager monitors the work performance of workers in his department to determine if the quality of their work is ‘up to standard’, this manager is engaging in which function?

52) Several systematic performance improvement models have been created for use in healthcare as well as other industries. All these models incorporate similar steps: improvements, and measure success improvements

53) Creating governance arrangements and processes to identify ………that require investigation and improvement

54) The goal of performance improvement is to ……from recurring, not just clean up the mess after something undesirable happens.

55) Which of the following is considered as waste?

56) …. Which one piece of information is the most usefull to describe the age of population that is served in an anticoagulation monitoring service clinic??

57) Analysing performance of various processes and improving them repeatedly to achieve quality objectives?

58) …….. ensuring that health and care services are appropriately resourced to deliver an agreed standard of quality.

59) .….. define customers and how to meet their needs

60) Use the when you want to compare means for two data sets that are independent from each other?

61) Not providing a health service that might have been medically beneficial

62) Products, services, or information produced by a process?

63) …… Identify an opportunity and plan for change

64) The patient wait time in the emergency department is….

65) The number written above the line in a common fraction to indicate the number of parts of the whole is…

66) Care should be provided promptly when the patient needs it

67) Which of the activities below does not fall under quality assessment? communities

68) Quality improvement program focuses on?

69) …… are the people responsible for supervising the use of an organization’s resources to meet the goals?

70) The Model for Improvement focuses on what three areas?

71) …. is about making healthcare safe, effective, patient-centred, timely, efficient and equitable.

72) Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is a philosophy assumes that:

73) Which of the following scenarios does not represent timeliness of care?

74) Which of the following is not suitable data for quality measurement?

75) In any organization, the technique of quality improvement that is used the most is……

76) Action designed to lower the risk of failure

77) The total patient time in the clinic from walk-in to walkout

78) A methodical procedure used to identify factors that cause errors and then reduce or minimize them?

79) Data describing the results of healthcare services?

80) Which of the following is associated with defining of product or service features and specifications?

81) Choose a problem, and write a statement to describe it?

82) The best possible care should be provided to everyone, regardless of age, sex, race, financial status, or any other demographic variable

83) Which statement by a healthcare professional shows the best understanding of QI? others involved in health care that leads to better health outcomes, better system performance and better professional development.”

84) ………… is a systems thinking multimethod ology that seeks to combine methods and practices from various systems thinking schools?

85) The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals

86) Which of the following is not the dimension of quality of care defined by the Institute of Medicine?

87) Comparing results of QI with expectations is part of which stage of the QI cycle?

88) Products and services that process customers view as unnecessary (e.g., making a copy of the patient’s insurance card at each clinic visit)

89) Building ………at every level, from the top tiers of organisations, such as the boards of acute trusts or primary care networks, through to front-line staff.

90) A dichotomous response scale

91) Data describing organizational facilities, environment, equipment, policies, and procedures

92) ………. tool helps an improvement team dig deeper into the causes of problems by successively asking what and why until all aspects of the situation are reviewed and the underlying contributing factors are considered.

93) .…………are used to plot five to ten performance measures for an interval of time, along with performance expectations

94) Quality improvement can deliver sustained improvements not only in…….., but also in the lives of the people working in health

95) Which statement below best describes quality assessment? low-performing health care providers, organizations, or communities. implementation of quality measurement activities, and monitoring of quality information over time

96) A radiologist waiting for a patient to be brought into the exam room

97) Levels of performance excellence that organizations must attain to become credentialed by a competent authority

98) Which of the following does not constitute patient-centered care? family planning

99) Data describing the extent to which current best evidence is used in making decisions about patient care?

100) Health care systems across the UK are also looking at the environmental impact of the services they provide as part of their efforts to ……..

101) Participants …… on the Results (Reviewing the results and deciding what tests of change to try next)

102) They use their resources responsibly and efficiently, providing fair access to all, and according to need of their populations?

103) Which of the following best describes movement as waste?

104) The process of identifying the scope for process improvement is associated with …

105) …. The leader of a quality improvement team needs to deal effectively with a conflict between two units, it is best to appoint which of the following to its membership?

106) ……………. are used to identify all possible causes of an effect (a problem or an objective).

107) A self-assessment and external assessment process used by healthcare organizations to assess their level of performance in relation to established standards and implement ways to continuously improve

108) Quality management is a method for?

109) Quality assurance is related to ……

110) Analyze data to determine whether the changes were effective?

111) Independently gathering evidence in a systematic and transparent way to provide confidence that a system is meeting internal or external standards?

112) It is important to allow enough time to design an improvement intervention and plan its delivery?

113) Avoiding harm to people for whom the care is intended

114) …. Research, Quality Assessment and Quality Improvement?

115) What statistics you can compare patient stay cost for two .

116) ………..supporting efforts to develop whole-system approaches to improvement.

117) …… Use data to analyze the results of the change and determine whether it made a difference

118) A key focus of quality improvement is to ………of the system and clinical processes

119) Where was Total Quality Management first developed?

120) …….is its ability to satisfy the needs and expectations of the customer

121) Which is less relevant in the formulation of monitoring framework?

122) ……….is the most prominent approach to quality management systems.

123) Products, services, or information flowing into a process?

124) Use of authority inherent in designated formal rank to obtain compliance from organizational members

125) The organization’s billing database is an administrative file often used to gather performance data

126) Data describing the results of healthcare services

127) Charts used by improvement teams to organize ideas and issues, gain a better understanding of a problem, and brainstorm potential solutions

128) Groups that contract with the centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to monitor the appropriateness, effectiveness, and quality of care provided to Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries?

129) …. What sampling technique involves selecting the medical record of every fifth patient undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)?

130) To realize the benefits of quality health care, health services must be

131) Graphs used to show the center, dispersion, and shape of the distribution of a collection of performance data

132) …………..negatively impact the company’s image when reported to the public?

133) Care should be based on scientific knowledge and provided to patients who could benefit.

134) They provide care that does not vary in quality because of a person’s characteristics?

135) …… Implement the change on a small scale

136) The process of checking the actual performance with the standard performance is associated with….?

137) Planning and making changes to current practices to achieve better performance

138) ….. are Aspects of patient outcome

139) .……is “a philosophy or an approach to management that can be characterized by its principles, practices, and techniques

140) A subgroup of respondents derived from the target population Defects

141) When is it appropriate to collect and use data? questions questions questions research questions

142) Which of the following is not considered a performance measure? a home health care patient

143) A …… is used to compare two things. For instance, the nurse-to-patient ratio reports the number of hospital patients cared for by each nurse

144) Events, actions, or things that can cause harm

145) Measures used to determine an organization’s performance over time; also called performance measures

146) Writing down details related to objectives of QI cycle, process of changes and plans for implementation is part of which of the following in QI cycle?

147) Your community hospital has coordinated with local municipality authority to convert a busy intersection to a roundabout (i.e., traffic circle) to alleviate long standing condestion, but after completion it was realized that large fire trucks cannot fit through the new configuration. This is an example of?

148) Use of performance information to determine whether an acceptable level of quality has been achieved

149) The patient cost-to-charge ratio…..

150) Who is responsible for quality improvement in healthcare?

151) Data describing the delivery of healthcare services

152) …. Published articles information in scientific journals is set in the following sequence?

153) Visible and focused leadership, for example, in an NHS trust, at board level, accompanied by effective governance and management processes that ensure all improvement activities are aligned with the organisation’s vision

154) Caring. Staff involve and treat people with compassion, dignity and respect?

155) Outcomes are …… (Measuring and evaluating results before and after intervention)

156) Application of statistical methods to identify and control performance

157) A bakery is supposed to produce cookies whose average weight after baking is 31 grams. To meet quality requirements, it has been decided that USL=35.0 grams and LSL=28.0 grams. The process standard deviation is 0.8grams and the process centerline is set at 31 grams. The company requires a capability index of at least 1.33

158) ……. must provide a good or service desired by its customers?

159) ……are structure of care provision

160) Developing …….to identify and implement new evidence-based interventions, innovations and technologies, with the ability to adapt these to local context

161) It is important to know about ……….. for quality planning?

162) Graphs used to show the correlation between two characteristics or variables

163) Meaningful quality process measures must be?

164) Which one piece of information is the most usefull to describe the gender of population that is served in an anticoagulation monitoring service clinic??

165) Develop a solution for the problem and a plan for implementing the solution

166) ……is defined as a formalized system that documents processes, procedures, and responsibilities for achieving quality policies and objectives. Standard deviation

167) Quality Improvement had its beginnings in what area?

168) A measure of how well resources are used to achieve a goal.

169) Which of the following is not a basic component of descriptive statistics?

170) Two concepts of descriptive statistics that are essential for identifying opportunities for performance improvement are?

171) A way of doing business that continuously improves products and services to achieve better performance

172) a …… for change in identified (forming the team, agreeing on the problem, selecting valid measures, and making ideas for improvement)

173) A leadership style that is said to motivate employees, and that optimizes the introduction of change

174) An ………, sometimes called an arithmetic mean, is the sum of a set of quantities divided by the number of quantities in the set

175) Minimum acceptable levels of quality

176) Which statement best describes quality improvement?

177) Graphs in which each unit of data is represented as a pie-shaped piece of a circle

178) Doing something that doesn’t add value (e.g., performing unnecessary tests to prevent a lawsuit for malpractice)

179) Hundreds of measures can be used to evaluate healthcare performance. These measures are grouped into three categories:

180) Individuals and organizations that pay for healthcare services directly or indirectly

181) What is the first step in a control process?

182) Analyzing data to determine whether the changes were effective is part of which stage of QI cycle?

183) ……. are organizational assets and include people and raw material.

184) Treatment results are found in patient records

185) The first step in problem solving is to

186) Incorrect diagnoses, medical errors, and other sources of avoidable complications

187) ………is achieved by continual improvement in terms of customers’ expectations. The aim of continuous quality improvement is to meet the customer, not just the competition?

188) Identifying and describing data that need to be collected to determine whether changes produced desired results is part of which stage of QI cycle?

189) vital elements of any attempt to improve performance or quality and are needed to assess the impact against set objectives?

190) A long-term, integrated whole-system approach is needed to ensure sustained improvements in …………….

191) A measure expressed as a ………. is generally more useful than a measure expressed as an absolute number

192) ………… can lead to lower health care costs?

193) …….is developing a theory of change?

194) Management is………………………?

195) …… shows how often each different value in a set of data occurs

196) ………conducted using step by-step proceed.

197) Process Control and Regulatory is a part of…

198) Collection of information for the purpose of understanding current performance and seeing how performance changes or improves over time

199) Learn more about the problem by gathering performance data

200) According to the Institute of Medicine, how many dimension of quality of care are there?