Dental Anesthesia Preparation (Dr. Tong Leang)

1) Most commonly used local anesthetic for rhinolaryngologic cases

2) Primary side effect/toxicities associated with local anesthetic use:?

3) Local anesthetic most likely to cause cyanosis secondary to reduced oxygen transport:

4) During an inferior alveolar nerve block the needle ideally passes?

5) Factors that influence lidocaine (Xylocaine) metabolism:?

6) For therapeutic application local anesthetics are usually made available as salt for the reason of:?

7) The technique used to anesthetizes the maxillary 1st and 2nd premolars, canine, lateral incisor, central incisor, corresponding alveolar bone, and buccal gingiva is called

8) Which of the following local anesthetics is more water-soluble?

9) Technique of anesthesia in which local anesthetic solution is injected into the vein is ?

10) Most serious toxic reaction to local anesthetics is:?

11) Clinical presentations suggestive of local anesthetic allergies:

12) For a local anesthetic to be clinically useful is

13) Zone of differential motor blockade may average up to four segments below the sensory level?

14) The anesthetic effect of the agent of short and intermediate duration of action cannot be prolong by adding:?

15) Most local anesthetic agents is consist of 😕

16) Which one are the three major types of local anesthesia can be performed in the maxillary for pain control?

17) When injecting Local solutionin maxilla on buccal side. The technique is ?

18) You suspect that your patient has an enlarged submandibular salivary gland. You expect the enlarged gland?

19) The axons of peripheral nerve is supported by

20) If the Lidocaine 2% with Epinephrine 1:100,00 was used. Which one of the following is selected for the maximum dose recommendation?

21) which one of the following local anesthetics is an ester of benzoic acid:?

22) Vasoconstrictors are less effective in prolonging anesthetic properties of 😕

23) The area of insertion needle is at the mucous membrane of the medial border of the mandibular ramus at the intersection of a horizontal line and vertical line is called

24) Neurotoxicity following local anesthesia: lower extremity paresis– predisposing conditions may include advanced age and peripheral vascular disease

25) Local anesthetic deposited near the main nerve trunk and is usually distant form the operative site is called

26) Distilled water is added to the cartridge for what purpose?

27) Which of the following local anesthetcs is a short-acting drug?

28) Factor(s) that reduce lidocaine (Xylocaine) seizure threshold.?

29) One of the many proprietary names for lidocaine is what?

30) Which one of the following local anesthetic agents (at the correct dosage) is the most likely to provide the most prolonged analgesia?

31) What is one important way that local anesthetic drugs differ from all other drugs used in dentistry?

32) Unmeyelinated fiber is surround by

33) Most common cause of toxic plasma local anesthetic concentrations?

34) Nerve impulse travel in myelinated nerves by a process called what?

35) Which of the following local anesthetics is more likely to cause allergic reaction?

36) You notice that your patient’s submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged. You would look for potential infection sites in the?

37) If the two percent of Lidocaine 2% with Epinephrine 1:100,000 were used for patient 60kg. Which one of the following was selected for the 60kg patient?

38) ropivacaine (Naropin):less cardiotoxic then bupivacaine (Marcaine)

39) The concentration of epinephrine that is optimal for hemostasis is what?

40) Lidocaine (Xylocaine) effect on ventilation response to hypoxia?

41) Which techniques do not work in the adult mandible due to dense cortical bone the below technique is

42) Inferior alveolar nerve block (IAN) mouth must be open for this technique, best to utilize mouth drop, the depth of injection is about

43) The area of insertion needle is at the incisive papilla into incisive foramen and inject 0.3cc to 0.5cc of local anesthetic is called

44) Which one is the ester type of local anesthetic

45) The trigeminal nerve is the sensory fibres form the semilunar ganglion (the Gasserian ganglion). Where does these ganglion or Gasserian lie in the bottom of the following?

46) In local anesthetic dissociation, tissues with a low pH would have effect on base(RN) and cation(RNH+) in the solution?

47) Indicate the local anesthetic, which is a long-acting agent:?

48) Stacey, a 18 year old soccer player, arrives for extraction of teeth #4,12, and 20, and she is given 5 cartridges of 4% Articaine with epi 1:100,000.Her mother calls 3 hours following the appointment stating that Stacey appears cyanotic and sluggish. Her nail beds look dark and the blood in the extraction sites is chocolate brown. What is MOST likely the condition presented?

49) Afferent or sensory nerves conduct impulses to the

50) A healthy patient weighing 155 lbs has been given 2 cartridges of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000. How many MORE cartridges of 3% arestocaine can they have?

51) Ionizable group is responsible for ?

52) Which one is the best answer for nerve block of local anesthesia in the maxillary nerve block?

53) Preferred local anesthetics for local infiltration:?

54) Individual nerve fibers(axons) are surround and separated from each other by

55) Common eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA)?

56) The most widely help theory on nerve transmission attributes conduction of the nerve impulse to changes in the

57) Local anesthetic not recommended for peripheral nerve blockade:

58) Which of the following local anesthetics is used for infiltrative and regional anesthesia related to amide type?

59) In the dental office, the MOST important consideration when selecting a syringe type is the ability of the following:?

60) When it is necessary to administer more than one anesthetic drug, a safe total should be determined by not exceeding what?

61) Which one of the following groups is responsible for the potency and the toxicity of local anesthetic?

62) Correct statements concerning cocaine include all of the following EXCEPT:?

63) Which portion of the nerve do local anesthetics work on?

64) What is the MOST important reason hemostats/cotton roll pliers are part of the armamentarium?

65) Indicate the drug, which has greater potency of the local anesthetic action:?

66) Allergic reactions to local anesthetics:?

67) Factor(s) which determine extent of systemic local anesthetic absorption:

68) The antioxidant used to preserve epinephrine in a local anesthetic solution is?

69) The technique of about 1.0 cc of local Anesthetic and continues to inject about 0.5 cc on removal from injection site to anesthetize the lingual branch, inject remaining anesthetic in to corrode notch region of mandible in the mucous membrance distal and buccal to most distal molar to perform a long buccal nerve block is called

70) The technique of insertion at mucobuccal fold in the area of lateral incisor and canine on maxillary is called

71) Which of the following local anesthetics is an useful antiarrhythmic agent?

72) Most common complication of posterior Superior alveolar nerve block is:?

73) Correct statements concerning bupivacaine include all of the following EXCEPT?

74) Advantage(s) of 5% lidocaine (Xylocaine)-prilocaine (Citanest) cream (eutectic mixture) is?

75) The injection that able to perform in maxilla with thin cortical nature of bone, to tissue immediately surgical site is called.

76) Least likely to exhibit cross-sensitivity with amide or ester local anesthetics.?

77) The area of insertion needle of local anesthesia is about 1cm medial from 1st and 2nd maxillary molar on the hard palate foramen is called

78) Topical antiseptic does which of the following?

79) When injecting Local anesthetic solution in maxilla on buccal side. Which of the following technique is used?

80) Factors enhancing bupivacaine (Marcaine) toxicity?

81) Which of the following local anesthetics is more cardiotoxic?

82) Vasoconstrictor in Local anesthetic solution is?

83) When procaine undergoes metabolic breakdown, the major metabolic product (metabolite) is what?

84) All of the following methods will REDUCE the chance of needle breakage, EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception?

85) Which of 2 nerves blocked when injection is given in pterygo mandibular space?

86) Which of the following statements is NOT correct for local anesthetics?

87) The technique of insertion at mucobuccal fold in the area of 1st and 2nd premolars is called

88) Indicate the function, which the last to be blocked:?

89) Which of the following local anesthetics is used exclusively for its good surface activity and low toxic potential?

90) Manifestation of systemic toxicity

91) The major factor influencing the ability to aspirate is what?

92) The infraorbital nerve are supply for the front teeth both side left and right of the maxillary , especially for anterior superior alveolar nerve twigs and leave the trunk just before it exit of the infraorbital foramen and outside the foramen twigs to the skin between the nostril and eye.Which area is used for injection local anesthesia for these teeth?

93) The technique that use the non-dominant hand to retract the buccal soft tissue at the area of coronoid notch of mandible , and index finger on posterior border of extra oral mandible is called

94) what are the local anesthetic produce for:?

95) The nerve that combines MSA and ASA block is called

96) The technique used to anesthetized the maxillary canine, lateral incisor, and central incisors and buccal gingival is called

97) Which of the following nerves are entering the sphenopalatine ganglion?

98) The maxillary nerve exclusively sensory, passes through the foramen rotundum to reach the pterygopalatine fossa, where it off a number of branches.How many branches will theses nerves passes through the sphenopalatine ganglion?

99) The technique Provides same area of anesthesia as the Inferior alveolar nerve block and useful for injected patients with trismus, fractured mandible are needs to be used

100) A patient attends for an extraction of a lower molar tooth. Following the administration of an inferior alveolar nerve block only, the patient complains of pain during the procedure.Which one of the following nerves is the most likely to be responsible for the perception of this pain?

101) Indicate the local anesthetic, which is an ester of paraaminobezoic acid:?

102) Indicate the local anesthetic, which is a toluidine derivative:?

103) Which one of the following agents is classified as the intermediate one?

104) The first ever peripheral nerve block is performed by

105) Mechanism(s) of local anesthetic action in epidural anesthesia:?

106) The primary mechanism of action of local anesthetics is:?

107) The technique can be used to anesthetize the soft and hard tissue of the maxillary anterior palate from canine to canine is called

108) Typically a zone of differential sympathetic nervous system blockade?

109) In a patient with a normal healthy mouth, you would expect the mucosa covering the alveolar process supporting the mandibular teeth to be?

110) Lidocaine (Xylocaine) cardiotoxicity — electrophysiological characteristics

111) A vasoconstrictor does not 😕

112) The more lipophilic drugs ?

113) Which of the following fibers participates in high-frequency pain transmission?

114) Indicate the local anesthetic, which is mainly used for regional nerve block anesthesia?

115) Which one of the following maximum dosage recommendations is selected for the patient weigh 70kg, related to Lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:50,000?

116) Correct statements concerning lidocaine include all of the following EXCEPT:?

117) Biotransformation of amides take place where?

118) A successful infraorbital nerve block will produce anaesthesia of the?

119) Reducing agent local anesthetics solution is ?

120) You notice a lesion on the labial alveolar mucosa of the lower right lateral incisor tooth of one of your patients and decide to take a biopsy to send for oral pathology report Which nerve would require local anesthesia in order to carry out a pain-free biopsy?

121) If Articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:200,000 was used with patient 80kg. Which one of the following option was selected?

122) Which technique is useful for infected patients with trismus, fractured mandibles, and mentally handicapped individuals

123) Frequently used amide-type local anesthetic for Bier block

124) Most frequent local anesthetic clinical use:?

125) Which one is NOT include in the type of infiltration technique?

126) A patient with epilepsy is scheduled for root planning and scaling with local anesthetic today. What should the dental hygienist know about this condition?

127) The technique Provides sensory input for the lower lip skin, mucous membrane, pulpal and alveolar tissue for the premolar, canine and incisors on the side blocked is called

128) Which of the following local anesthetics is only used for surface or topical anesthesia ?

129) Gow- Gate nerve block The trigeminal nerve is predominantly sensory, and motor nerve, who supplied for the three large trunks, originate from the ganglion. Which of the following nerves is supply related only sensory?

130) Factors which increase local anesthetic CNS toxicities:?

131) The technique palpate from extra orally and place thum or index finger on region with retract the upper lip and buccal mucosa and the area of injection is at the mucobuccal fold of the 1st premolar and canine area is called

132) The mucosa of the hard palate is?

133) Which one is the Amide anesthetics type

134) The area used to anesthetized the maxillary premolars, corresponding alveolus, and buccal gingival tissue is called

135) Which one of the following of the maximum dose recommended for normal healthy individual patient per kilogram is.?

136) Which of the following local anesthetics in an acetanilide derivative?

137) Local anesthetics are?

138) Indicate the local anesthetic agent, which has a shorter duration of action:?

139) Which of the following local anesthetics is preferable in patient with pseudocholinesterase difiency?

140) Efferent or motor neurons conduct messages from:

141) Related to the maximum dose recommended when used Lidocaine 2% with Epinephrine 1:50,000. Which one of the following is selected for ASA?

142) Agents added to local anesthetics that prolonged local anesthetic duration of action?

143) Commonly use local anesthetics for topical/surface application:

144) vasoconstrictor in local anesthetic(LA) solution is used to ?

145) In 1980, when the first edition of Stanley F. Malamed, and the Sixth edition of Hand book of local anesthetic were available in dental cartridge form include: Lidocaine, Articaine, Prilocaine, Mepivacaine, and Bupivacaine. Which one of the following was selected for the maximum dose recommendation related to the Articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 per kilogram of the patient weight?

146) Toxicities associated with systemic epinephrine absorption following local anesthetic use with epinephrine included in the local anesthetic solution

147) Prilocaine has all of the following properties EXCEPT:?

148) The technique that the mouth must be open widely during injection and the area of injection from contralateral premolar region is called

149) Clinical use(s) of EMLA applications:?

150) Most local anesthetics can cause:?

151) Neurotoxicity associate with local anesthesia: sensory anesthesia, bowell & bladder sphincter dysfunction, paraplegia — may because by nonhomogeneous local anesthetic distribution?

152) Which of the following local anesthetics is a thiophene derivative?

153) Rationale for adding epinephrine to a local anesthetic solution:?

154) Local Anesthetic deposited near a larger terminal branch of a nerve is called

155) Local anesthetic used in greater than 50% of rhinolaryngologic cases:?

156) Duration of sensory anesthesia is likely to be extended for abdominal regional anesthesia?

157) Needle used for infiltration is ?

158) As with all local anesthetics, the dose varies depending on the area to be anesthetized, the vascularity of tissues, individual tolerance, and the techniques of anesthesia. Which type of the following patient should be decreased the dose for them?

159) Local anesthetic which produces localized vasoconstriction and anesthesia?

160) Which one of the following local anesthetics causes methemoglobinemia?

161) At what time are professionals MOST at risk for a needle stick?

162) Which one of the following statements about the metabolism of local anesthetics is incorrect?

163) Indicate the anesthetic agent of choice in patient with a liver disease:?

164) The area used to anesthetized the pulp tissue corresponding alveolar bone and buccal gingival tissue to maxillary 1st, 2nd, 3rd is called

165) All of the following are reasons to include a vasoconstrictor, ECEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

166) The technique insertion of mucobuccal fold between apex of 2nd and 3rd molars at 45 degree is called

167) Which of the following fibers is the first to be blocked?

168) A successful inferior alveolar nerve block will produce anesthesia of the?

169) If the two percent of Lidocaine 2% with Epinephrine 1:100,000 are suggested for American Society of Anesthesia. Which one of the following categories of the American Society of Anesthesia was selected?

170) Which of the following drugs can cause methemoglobinnemia when used in larger doses for regional anesthesia?

171) When given nerve block , will also cause anesthetized to the lower eyelid, lateral aspect of nasal skin tissue, and skin of infraorbital region is called

172) Blanching at the site of injection is caused by:?

173) Disto buccal root of upper first molar is supplied by:?

174) How many major types of Local Anesthesia can be performed in the maxillary for pain control?

175) Which one of the following groups is responsible for the duration of the local anesthetic action?

176) Epinephrine added to a solution of lidocaine for local anesthesia will:?

177) Indicate the local anesthetic, which is more lipid-soluble:?

178) Surface activity and low toxic potential?

179) Which layer is considered as anatomical barrier to the diffusion of local anesthetic substances

180) Which one are called local anesthesia nerve block?

181) Agents not recommended for Bier block:

182) The duration of action of local anesthetics agents are divided in short, intermediate and long. Which one of the following is classified as the short one?

183) The groups of the axon, the fasciculi, are enclosed in an additional connective tissue sheath called

184) After properly loading the cartridge into the syringe, a few drops of local anesthetic should be expelled. Why?

185) The area of injection mucobuccal fold between the mandible premolars is called

186) A small bubble of approximately 1 to 2 mm diameter will frequently be found in the local anesthetic cartridge. These bubbles are cause by what?

187) Which of the following drugs can cause methemoglonemia?

188) Which one are the following technique used only on the mandibular nerve Block , please choice the best answer

189) All of the following are acceptable ways of recapping a needle EXCEPT?

190) This amide-type local anesthetic is used to assess the possible presence of atypical cholinesterase

191) The regional lymphatic drainage of the left side of the tip of the tongue is to the?

192) Disto buccal root of upper 1st molar is supplied by:?

193) Which of the following local anesthetics is called a universal anesthetic?

194) A good local anesthetic agent shouldn’t cause:?

195) Neurotoxicity — moderate/severe lower back, buttocks, posterior side pain?

196) Local anesthetic lipophilicity and effectiveness of epinephrine on local anesthesia:

197) The function organization of axon and schwann cell is called

198) The technique can be used to anesthetize the palatal soft tissue of the teeth posterior to maxillary canine and corresponding alveolus and hard palate is called

199) Which one of the following agents is classified as the long one?

200) All of the following are ways of caring for a syringe EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?