Histologie Preparation (Pr. Chhut Sereyvathana)

/90

1 / 90

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

b. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

d. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

e. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

2 / 90

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. thick skin

b. stratum lucidum

c. stratum corneum

d. stratum basale

e. stratum granulosum

3 / 90

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

d. stratum lucidum.

e. stratum corneum.

4 / 90

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

b. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

c. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

d. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

e. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

5 / 90

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

b. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. Ovarian surface is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

e. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary ovarian follicles.

6 / 90

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. mesangium

b. vascular pole.

c. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

d. area cribosa.

e. urinary (tubular) pole.

7 / 90

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

b. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

c. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

8 / 90

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. hypodermis

b. mucosa

c. dermis

d. epidermis

e. lamina propria

9 / 90

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

b. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

c. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

d. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

e. collecting duct epithelium.

10 / 90

10)

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

b. Merkel cells.

c. melanocytes

d. fibroblasts

e. Langerhans cells.

11 / 90

11)

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. urea.

b. angiotensinogen.

c. aldosterone.

d. antiduretic hormone.

e. renin.

12 / 90

12)

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. medulla.

b. pelvis.

c. calyx.

d. cortex

e. papillae.

13 / 90

13)

The outer lining of Bowman’s capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:

a. podocytes

b. squamous cells.

c. pericytes

d. mesangial cells.

e. cuboidal cells.

14 / 90

14)

The region of the kidney where artery, vein and ureter are attached is called the:

a. hilus.

b. pelvis.

c. medulla.

d. cortex.

e. calyx.

15 / 90

15)

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. arcuate arteries.

b. vasa recta.

c. afferent arteries.

d. interlobular arteries.

e. interlobar arteries.

16 / 90

16)

Which connective tissue layer lies closest to the epidermis:

a. hypodermis

b. stratum corneum

c. reticular layer of dermis.

d. papillary layer of dermis.

e. lamina propria

17 / 90

17)

The macula densa consists of:

a. modified smooth muscle cells.

b. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

c. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

d. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

e. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

18 / 90

18)

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. medulla

b. cortex

c. calyx

d. pelvis

e. papillae

19 / 90

19)

Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:

a. renal lobules.

b. columns of Bertin.

c. medullary rays.

d. calyces

e. papillae

20 / 90

20)

Mesangial cells are:

a. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

b. simple squamous epithelial cells.

c. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. not epithelial cells.

21 / 90

21)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

b. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

c. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

d. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

e. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

22 / 90

22)

Podocytes are:

a. not epithelial cells.

b. simple columnar epithelial cells.

c. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

d. simple squamous epithelial cells.

e. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

23 / 90

23)

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

b. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

c. transitional epithelium.

d. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

e. collecting duct epithelium.

24 / 90

24)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

b. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

c. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

d. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

e. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

25 / 90

25)

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. mesangial cells.

b. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

c. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

d. podocytes.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

26 / 90

26)

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. collecting duct.

b. glomerulus.

c. distal convoluted tubule.

d. proximal convoluted tubule.

e. loop of Henle.

27 / 90

27)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

b. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

c. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

d. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

e. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

28 / 90

28)

The basement membrane lies between:

a. papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

b. stratum basale and stratum spinosum.

c. epidermis and dermis.

d. stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

e. stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

29 / 90

29)

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. Bowman's capsule.

b. bladder.

c. renal pelvis.

d. proximal urethra.

e. ureter.

30 / 90

30)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

b. Each seminiferous tubule is about 30 to 80 cm long.

c. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

d. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

e. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

31 / 90

31)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

b. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

c. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

d. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

e. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

32 / 90

32)

Which cell type of the epidermis is involved in the mediation of immune responses?

a. melanocyte

b. keratinocyte

c. Langerhans cell

d. myoepithelial cell

e. Merkel cell

33 / 90

33)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

b. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

c. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

d. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

e. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

34 / 90

34)

In which layer of the epidermis do cells contain keratohyalin granules?

a. stratum granulosum

b. hair follicle

c. hairy skin

d. papillary dermis

e. pilosebaceous unit

35 / 90

35)

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

b. There are six layers to the epidermis.

c. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

d. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

36 / 90

36)

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

b. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the basal layer.

c. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

d. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

e. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum corneum.

37 / 90

37)

Which of the following is NOT an “epidermal appendage” (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. duct of sweat gland.

d. hair follicle.

e. arrector pili muscle.

38 / 90

38)

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. mucosa

c. epidermis

d. dermis

e. hypodermis

39 / 90

39)

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. mesangial cells.

b. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

c. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

d. podocytes.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

40 / 90

40)

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

d. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

e. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

41 / 90

41)

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. hair follicle.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. arrector pili muscle.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. duct of sweat gland.

42 / 90

42)

Identify the CORRECT statement(7)

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

c. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

d. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

e. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

43 / 90

43)

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

b. stratum lucidum.

c. stratum corneum.

d. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

e. stratum granulosum.

44 / 90

44)

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. efferent arterioles.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. vasa recta.

e. peritubular capillaries.

45 / 90

45)

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. podocytes.

d. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

46 / 90

46)

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. reticular layer of dermis.

b. epidermis

c. sweat gland.

d. papillary layer of dermis.

e. hypodermis

47 / 90

47)

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

c. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

d. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

48 / 90

48)

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

d. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

49 / 90

49)

The region of the kidney containing distal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. cortex

b. medulla

c. hilus

d. capsule

e. pelvis

50 / 90

50)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

b. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

c. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

d. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

e. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

51 / 90

51)

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. eccrine sweat glands.

b. sebaceous glands.

c. mammary glands.

d. submucosal glands.

e. lymphatic glands.

52 / 90

52)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

b. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

c. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

d. Transitional epithelium lines the ureter.

e. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

53 / 90

53)

The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:

a. 30 and 35 micrometers.

b. 300 and 350 micrometers.

c. 3 and 3.5 micrometers.

d. 30 and 35 nanometers.

e. 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.

54 / 90

54)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells are located inside the seminiferous tubule.

b. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

c. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

d. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

e. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

55 / 90

55)

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. medulla

b. cortex

c. calyx

d. papillae

e. pelvis

56 / 90

56)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

b. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

c. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

d. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

e. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

57 / 90

57)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(1)

a. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

b. The glomerular filtration slit is around 20 to 30 nm.

c. The transport of sodium ions over the epithelia lining the ascending thin and straight distal tubules creates the osmotic gradient necessary for the resorption of water from the urine passing through the collecting ducts.

d. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

58 / 90

58)

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. capillary fenestrations.

b. capillary endothelial cells.

c. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

d. mesangial cells.

e. podocyte foot processes

59 / 90

59)

Identify the CORRECT statement(4)

a. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

b. The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex

c. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

d. The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

e. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

60 / 90

60)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

b. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

c. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

d. The granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle secrete progesterone.

e. The corpus albicans of the ovary is the functional homologue of the tunica albuginea in males.

61 / 90

61)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

b. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

c. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

d. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

62 / 90

62)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

b. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

c. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

d. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

e. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

63 / 90

63)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(2)

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

c. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

d. The vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

64 / 90

64)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

b. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

c. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

65 / 90

65)

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. podocytes foot processes.

b. mesangial cells.

c. fenestrated endothelium.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. continuous endothelium.

66 / 90

66)

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. stratum basale of epidermis.

b. hypodermis

c. dermis

d. stratum corneum of epidermis

e. papillary dermis

67 / 90

67)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

68 / 90

68)

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. fibroblast

b. myoepithelial cell

c. keratinocyte

d. melanocyte

e. Langerhans cell

69 / 90

69)

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. mesangial cells.

b. podocytes.

c. transitional epithelium.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. macula densa.

70 / 90

70)

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. dense fibrous connective tissue.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

d. adipose connective tissue.

e. endothelium.

71 / 90

71)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

b. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

c. The mammary gland is a merocrine and apocrine secretion.

d. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

72 / 90

72)

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. fibroblasts

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. podocyte foot processes.

d. pericytes

e. mesangial cells.

73 / 90

73)

Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:

a. mesangial cells.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. fibroblasts

d. pericytes

e. podocytes

74 / 90

74)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

b. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

c. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

d. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

e. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

75 / 90

75)

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. epidermis

c. mucosa

d. dermis

e. hypodermis

76 / 90

76)

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. efferent arterioles.

b. vasa recta.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. peritubular capillaries.

77 / 90

77)

Which of the following typically includes dead cells with pyknotic nuclei?

a. duct of sweat gland.

b. hair follicle.

c. arrector pili muscle.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. sebaceous gland.

78 / 90

78)

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

b. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

c. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

79 / 90

79)

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. papilla

b. medulla

c. pelvis

d. cortex

e. calyx

80 / 90

80)

Which structures are present in “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. apocrine sweat glands.

b. arrector pili.

c. hair follicles.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. sweat glands.

81 / 90

81)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

b. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

c. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

d. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

e. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

82 / 90

82)

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

b. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

c. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

d. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

e. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

83 / 90

83)

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. vascular pole.

b. area cribosa.

c. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

d. mesangium.

e. urinary (tubular) pole

84 / 90

84)

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum basale

c. stratum corneum

d. stratum spinosum

e. thin skin

85 / 90

85)

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. epidermal appendages

b. dermal papillae

c. Meissner's corpuscles

d. sweat gland ducts

e. arrector pili muscle

86 / 90

86)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

c. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

d. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

e. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

87 / 90

87)

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. smooth muscle.

b. squamous epithelium.

c. glandular epithelium.

d. columnar epithelium.

e. lymphocytes

88 / 90

88)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)

a. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

b. The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids.

c. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

d. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

e. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

89 / 90

89)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The overall orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis will follow the 'lines of greatest tension'.

b. Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

c. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The epidermis of the thin skin has four stratum

e. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

90 / 90

90)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

b. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

c. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

d. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

e. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

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និស្សិតអាចប្រាប់មកកាន់ពួកយើងបានដើម្បីកែកំហុស ឬអំពីបញ្ហាដោយអចេតនាណាមួយដែលកើតមានកំឡុងពេលធ្វើតេស្ត