Histologie Preparation (Pr. Chhut Sereyvathana)

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1 / 90

Which structures are present in “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. sweat glands.

b. arrector pili.

c. apocrine sweat glands.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. hair follicles.

2 / 90

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. papillary dermis

b. stratum corneum of epidermis

c. dermis

d. hypodermis

e. stratum basale of epidermis.

3 / 90

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

b. mesangial cells.

c. podocytes.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

4 / 90

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. duct of sweat gland.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. hair follicle.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. arrector pili muscle.

5 / 90

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum corneum.

b. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the basal layer.

c. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

d. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

e. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

6 / 90

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

b. Ovarian surface is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

e. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary ovarian follicles.

7 / 90

Podocytes are:

a. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

b. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

c. simple columnar epithelial cells.

d. not epithelial cells.

e. simple squamous epithelial cells.

8 / 90

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

b. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

9 / 90

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

b. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

c. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

d. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

e. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

10 / 90

10)

Which of the following is NOT an “epidermal appendage” (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?

a. arrector pili muscle.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. hair follicle.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. duct of sweat gland.

11 / 90

11)

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

b. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

c. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

d. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

e. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

12 / 90

12)

The macula densa consists of:

a. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

b. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

c. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

d. modified smooth muscle cells.

e. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

13 / 90

13)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

b. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

c. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

d. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

e. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

14 / 90

14)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)

a. The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

d. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

e. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

15 / 90

15)

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

b. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

c. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

d. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

e. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

16 / 90

16)

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

b. podocytes.

c. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

d. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

17 / 90

17)

Which connective tissue layer lies closest to the epidermis:

a. papillary layer of dermis.

b. reticular layer of dermis.

c. lamina propria

d. hypodermis

e. stratum corneum

18 / 90

18)

Which of the following typically includes dead cells with pyknotic nuclei?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. hair follicle.

c. sebaceous gland.

d. duct of sweat gland.

e. arrector pili muscle.

19 / 90

19)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

b. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

c. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. Each seminiferous tubule is about 30 to 80 cm long.

20 / 90

20)

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. medulla

b. papillae

c. cortex

d. calyx

e. pelvis

21 / 90

21)

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

b. adipose connective tissue.

c. endothelium.

d. dense fibrous connective tissue.

e. transitional epithelium.

22 / 90

22)

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. efferent arterioles.

b. vasa recta.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. peritubular capillaries.

23 / 90

23)

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. hypodermis

b. papillary layer of dermis.

c. epidermis

d. reticular layer of dermis.

e. sweat gland.

24 / 90

24)

Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:

a. calyces

b. columns of Bertin.

c. papillae

d. medullary rays.

e. renal lobules.

25 / 90

25)

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

b. stratum lucidum.

c. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

d. stratum corneum.

e. stratum granulosum

26 / 90

26)

The basement membrane lies between:

a. stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

b. papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

c. stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

d. stratum basale and stratum spinosum.

e. epidermis and dermis.

27 / 90

27)

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

b. mesangial cells.

c. capillary endothelial cells.

d. capillary fenestrations.

e. podocyte foot processes

28 / 90

28)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

b. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

c. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

d. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

e. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

29 / 90

29)

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. loop of Henle.

b. collecting duct.

c. distal convoluted tubule.

d. glomerulus.

e. proximal convoluted tubule.

30 / 90

30)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The corpus albicans of the ovary is the functional homologue of the tunica albuginea in males.

b. The granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle secrete progesterone.

c. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

e. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

31 / 90

31)

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

d. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

32 / 90

32)

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. lymphatic glands.

b. submucosal glands.

c. eccrine sweat glands.

d. mammary glands.

e. sebaceous glands.

33 / 90

33)

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum lucidum.

b. stratum corneum.

c. stratum granulosum.

d. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

e. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

34 / 90

34)

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. Langerhans cell

b. fibroblast

c. myoepithelial cell

d. melanocyte

e. keratinocyte

35 / 90

35)

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum corneum

c. stratum spinosum

d. thin skin

e. stratum basale

36 / 90

36)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

b. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

c. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

d. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

e. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

37 / 90

37)

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

b. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

d. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

e. There are six layers to the epidermis.

38 / 90

38)

The outer lining of Bowman’s capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:

a. podocytes

b. mesangial cells.

c. cuboidal cells.

d. squamous cells.

e. pericytes

39 / 90

39)

The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:

a. 30 and 35 micrometers.

b. 3 and 3.5 micrometers.

c. 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.

d. 300 and 350 micrometers.

e. 30 and 35 nanometers.

40 / 90

40)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells are located inside the seminiferous tubule.

b. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

c. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

d. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

e. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

41 / 90

41)

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. antiduretic hormone.

b. aldosterone.

c. urea.

d. angiotensinogen.

e. renin.

42 / 90

42)

Identify the CORRECT statement(4)

a. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

b. The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

c. The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

43 / 90

43)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

b. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

c. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

44 / 90

44)

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. melanocytes

b. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

c. Langerhans cells.

d. Merkel cells.

e. fibroblasts

45 / 90

45)

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. mucosa

c. dermis

d. hypodermis

e. epidermis

46 / 90

46)

Mesangial cells are:

a. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

b. simple squamous epithelial cells.

c. not epithelial cells.

d. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

e. simple columnar epithelial cells.

47 / 90

47)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. The mammary gland is a merocrine and apocrine secretion.

d. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

e. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

48 / 90

48)

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. efferent arterioles.

b. peritubular capillaries.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. vasa recta.

e. arcuate arteries.

49 / 90

49)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

b. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

c. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

d. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

e. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

50 / 90

50)

The region of the kidney containing distal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. pelvis

b. cortex

c. capsule

d. hilus

e. medulla

51 / 90

51)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

b. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

c. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

d. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

e. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

52 / 90

52)

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. juxtaglomerular cells.

b. fenestrated endothelium.

c. podocytes foot processes.

d. continuous endothelium.

e. mesangial cells.

53 / 90

53)

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. pelvis.

b. cortex

c. medulla.

d. calyx.

e. papillae.

54 / 90

54)

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. mucosa

c. dermis

d. hypodermis

e. epidermis

55 / 90

55)

Which cell type of the epidermis is involved in the mediation of immune responses?

a. Merkel cell

b. Langerhans cell

c. melanocyte

d. keratinocyte

e. myoepithelial cell

56 / 90

56)

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. fibroblasts

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. mesangial cells.

d. podocyte foot processes.

e. pericytes

57 / 90

57)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration slit is around 20 to 30 nm.

b. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

c. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

d. The transport of sodium ions over the epithelia lining the ascending thin and straight distal tubules creates the osmotic gradient necessary for the resorption of water from the urine passing through the collecting ducts.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

58 / 90

58)

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. transitional epithelium.

b. macula densa.

c. mesangial cells.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. podocytes.

59 / 90

59)

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

d. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

60 / 90

60)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

b. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

c. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

61 / 90

61)

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. interlobar arteries.

b. interlobular arteries.

c. vasa recta.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. afferent arteries.

62 / 90

62)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

b. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

c. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

d. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

63 / 90

63)

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. arrector pili muscle

b. Meissner's corpuscles

c. dermal papillae

d. sweat gland ducts

e. epidermal appendages

64 / 90

64)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

b. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

c. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

65 / 90

65)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

c. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

d. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

e. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

66 / 90

66)

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. podocytes.

d. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

e. mesangial cells.

67 / 90

67)

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. urinary (tubular) pole.

b. vascular pole.

c. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

d. area cribosa.

e. mesangium

68 / 90

68)

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. papilla

b. cortex

c. calyx

d. medulla

e. pelvis

69 / 90

69)

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. hypodermis

b. epidermis

c. mucosa

d. lamina propria

e. dermis

70 / 90

70)

Identify the CORRECT statement(7)

a. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

d. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

71 / 90

71)

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

e. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

72 / 90

72)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

b. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

c. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

d. Transitional epithelium lines the ureter.

e. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

73 / 90

73)

Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:

a. mesangial cells.

b. podocytes

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. pericytes

e. fibroblasts

74 / 90

74)

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. ureter.

b. Bowman's capsule.

c. bladder.

d. proximal urethra.

e. renal pelvis.

75 / 90

75)

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. glandular epithelium.

b. smooth muscle.

c. lymphocytes

d. squamous epithelium.

e. columnar epithelium.

76 / 90

76)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

b. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

c. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

77 / 90

77)

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

b. urinary (tubular) pole

c. mesangium.

d. area cribosa.

e. vascular pole.

78 / 90

78)

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum lucidum

c. stratum corneum

d. thick skin

e. stratum basale

79 / 90

79)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

b. The overall orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis will follow the 'lines of greatest tension'.

c. The epidermis of the thin skin has four stratum

d. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

e. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

80 / 90

80)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

b. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

c. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

d. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

e. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

81 / 90

81)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

b. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

c. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

d. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

e. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

82 / 90

82)

The region of the kidney where artery, vein and ureter are attached is called the:

a. cortex.

b. hilus.

c. calyx.

d. medulla.

e. pelvis.

83 / 90

83)

Identify the INCORRECT statement(2)

a. The vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

e. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

84 / 90

84)

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

e. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

85 / 90

85)

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. collecting duct epithelium.

b. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

c. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

d. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

86 / 90

86)

In which layer of the epidermis do cells contain keratohyalin granules?

a. hairy skin

b. papillary dermis

c. stratum granulosum

d. hair follicle

e. pilosebaceous unit

87 / 90

87)

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

88 / 90

88)

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

b. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

c. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

d. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

e. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

89 / 90

89)

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. calyx

b. papillae

c. cortex

d. medulla

e. pelvis

90 / 90

90)

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. collecting duct epithelium.

c. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

d. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. transitional epithelium.

Your score is

The average score is 86%

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