Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which contains endolymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Cochlear duct

c. . Scala vestibuli

d. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

2 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Epithelium

b. . Endothelium

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Bowman's membrane

3 / 60

What is the inner layer of the choroid?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Optic disc

d. . Fovea centralis

e. . Lamina vitrea

4 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Cochlear duct

c. . Scala vestibuli

d. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

5 / 60

Which of the following is a type of neuron?

a. . Supporting cells

b. . Cones

c. . Rods

d. . Pigmented epithelium

e. . Ganglion cells

6 / 60

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?

a. . Elastic cartilage

b. . Fibrocartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Hyaline cartilage, Elastic cartilage

7 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 1

b. . 2

c. . 4

d. . 3

e. . 5

8 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Brush cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Sustentacular cells

d. . Olfactory cells

9 / 60

What is the middle layer of the eyeball?

a. . Rods

b. . Uvea

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Cones

e. . Bipolar cells

10 / 60

What is an olfactory cell?

a. . Bipolar neuron

b. . Supporting cell

c. . Unipolar neuron

d. . Multipolar neuron

11 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Rods

d. . Cones

e. . Rods, Cones

12 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Saccule, Utricle

b. . Saccule

c. . Semicircular canals

d. . Utricle

e. . Organ of Corti

13 / 60

What is the space anterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Posterior chamber

14 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Descemet's membrane

b. . Endothelium

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Epithelium

15 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Cornea

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Iris

e. . Choroid

16 / 60

Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Alveolar sacs

b. . Respiratory bronchioles

c. . Alveoli

d. . Bronchi

e. . Alveolar ducts

17 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Iris

b. . Sclera

c. . Choroid

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Ciliary body

18 / 60

Which layer forms the majority of the cornea?

a. . Substantia propria

b. . Endothelium

c. . Descemet's membrane

d. . Epithelium

e. . Bowman's membrane

19 / 60

How many layers does the retina have?

a. . 5

b. . 2

c. . 1

d. . 10

e. . 4

20 / 60

Where is the blind spot?

a. . Optic disc

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Fovea centralis

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Lamina vitrea

21 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Alveolar sac

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveoli

d. . Terminal bronchiole

e. . Respiratory bronchiole

22 / 60

What is within the membranous labyrinth?

a. . Perilymph

b. . Lymph

c. . Blood

d. . Air

e. . Endolymph

23 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Descemet

b. . Canal of Schlemm

c. . Canaliculi

d. . Canal of Hering

e. . Canal of Muller

24 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Ovarian surface is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

b. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

c. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

d. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary ovarian follicles.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

25 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. eccrine sweat glands.

b. submucosal glands.

c. lymphatic glands.

d. mammary glands.

e. sebaceous glands.

26 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum lucidum

c. stratum basale

d. thick skin

e. stratum corneum

27 / 60

Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:

a. pericytes

b. fibroblasts

c. mesangial cells.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. podocytes

28 / 60

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. papillae

b. pelvis

c. calyx

d. medulla

e. cortex

29 / 60

The region of the kidney where artery, vein and ureter are attached is called the:

a. cortex.

b. hilus.

c. pelvis.

d. medulla.

e. calyx.

30 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. transitional epithelium.

b. dense fibrous connective tissue.

c. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

d. endothelium.

e. adipose connective tissue.

31 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. collecting duct epithelium.

d. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

e. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

32 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

b. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

c. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

d. modified smooth muscle cells.

e. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

33 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

b. area cribosa.

c. urinary (tubular) pole

d. mesangium.

e. vascular pole.

34 / 60

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. renal pelvis.

b. bladder.

c. ureter.

d. proximal urethra.

e. Bowman's capsule.

35 / 60

Which connective tissue layer lies closest to the epidermis:

a. papillary layer of dermis.

b. hypodermis

c. reticular layer of dermis.

d. stratum corneum

e. lamina propria

36 / 60

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. dermis

c. mucosa

d. hypodermis

e. epidermis

37 / 60

Which cell type of the epidermis is involved in the mediation of immune responses?

a. keratinocyte

b. Langerhans cell

c. melanocyte

d. myoepithelial cell

e. Merkel cell

38 / 60

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

b. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

c. podocytes.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. mesangial cells.

39 / 60

Mesangial cells are:

a. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

b. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

c. simple squamous epithelial cells.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. not epithelial cells.

40 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

b. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

c. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

d. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

e. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

41 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

b. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

c. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

d. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

e. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

42 / 60

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. thin skin

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum spinosum

d. stratum basale

e. stratum corneum

43 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum granulosum.

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum lucidum.

d. stratum corneum.

e. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

44 / 60

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. peritubular capillaries.

b. vasa recta.

c. arcuate arteries.

d. afferent arterioles.

e. efferent arterioles.

45 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. peritubular capillaries.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. vasa recta.

e. efferent arterioles.

46 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

c. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

47 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

48 / 60

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. mucosa

b. dermis

c. hypodermis

d. epidermis

e. lamina propria

49 / 60

Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:

a. papillae

b. renal lobules.

c. columns of Bertin.

d. medullary rays.

e. calyces

50 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

b. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

c. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

d. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

e. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

51 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

b. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

c. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

d. Transitional epithelium lines the ureter.

e. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

52 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

b. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

c. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

d. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

e. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

53 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. antiduretic hormone.

b. urea.

c. angiotensinogen.

d. renin.

e. aldosterone.

54 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. cortex

b. calyx

c. pelvis

d. medulla

e. papillae

55 / 60

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. stratum basale of epidermis.

b. dermis

c. papillary dermis

d. hypodermis

e. stratum corneum of epidermis

56 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

b. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

c. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

57 / 60

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. juxtaglomerular cells.

b. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

c. podocytes.

d. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

58 / 60

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. Merkel cells.

b. fibroblasts

c. Langerhans cells.

d. melanocytes

e. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

59 / 60

Which structures are present in “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. sebaceous glands.

b. apocrine sweat glands.

c. sweat glands.

d. arrector pili.

e. hair follicles.

60 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. squamous epithelium.

b. lymphocytes

c. glandular epithelium.

d. columnar epithelium.

e. smooth muscle.

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