Histologie Test

27 votes, 4.9 avg

You will have 60 minutes to complete all the questions. After the timer reaches 60 minutes, the exam will end and be saved automatically. Good luck! *Fingers crossed*

The timer has been reached. The exam has now been terminated and saved.

Histologie Test

1 / 60

Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:

a. pericytes

b. fibroblasts

c. podocytes

d. mesangial cells.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

2 / 60

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. thin skin

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum basale

d. stratum spinosum

e. stratum corneum

3 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

b. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

c. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

d. Each seminiferous tubule is about 30 to 80 cm long.

e. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

4 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

b. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

c. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

d. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

5 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

b. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

c. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

d. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

e. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

6 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

b. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

c. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

d. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

e. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

7 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

b. The mammary gland is a merocrine and apocrine secretion.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

e. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

8 / 60

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. efferent arterioles.

e. peritubular capillaries.

9 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum granulosum.

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum lucidum.

d. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

e. stratum corneum.

10 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

b. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

c. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

d. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

11 / 60

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. mesangial cells.

b. pericytes

c. podocyte foot processes.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. fibroblasts

12 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

c. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

d. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

e. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

13 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. medulla

b. papillae

c. pelvis

d. calyx

e. cortex

14 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)

a. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

b. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

c. The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids.

d. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

e. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

15 / 60

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

c. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

d. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. collecting duct epithelium.

16 / 60

Which structures are present in “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. sebaceous glands.

b. sweat glands.

c. arrector pili.

d. apocrine sweat glands.

e. hair follicles.

17 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. collecting duct epithelium.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

d. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

18 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

b. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

c. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

d. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

e. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

19 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. angiotensinogen.

b. antiduretic hormone.

c. urea.

d. aldosterone.

e. renin.

20 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. columnar epithelium.

b. glandular epithelium.

c. lymphocytes

d. smooth muscle.

e. squamous epithelium.

21 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. mammary glands.

b. lymphatic glands.

c. submucosal glands.

d. eccrine sweat glands.

e. sebaceous glands.

22 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

d. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

e. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

23 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

b. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

c. modified smooth muscle cells.

d. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

e. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

24 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. duct of sweat gland.

d. arrector pili muscle.

e. hair follicle.

25 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration slit is around 20 to 30 nm.

b. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

c. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

d. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

e. The transport of sodium ions over the epithelia lining the ascending thin and straight distal tubules creates the osmotic gradient necessary for the resorption of water from the urine passing through the collecting ducts.

26 / 60

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. mucosa

b. lamina propria

c. dermis

d. hypodermis

e. epidermis

27 / 60

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. mucosa

b. hypodermis

c. lamina propria

d. epidermis

e. dermis

28 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. reticular layer of dermis.

b. epidermis

c. papillary layer of dermis.

d. sweat gland.

e. hypodermis

29 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

b. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

c. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

d. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

e. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

30 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. arcuate arteries.

b. afferent arterioles.

c. vasa recta.

d. peritubular capillaries.

e. efferent arterioles.

31 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

b. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

c. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

32 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

b. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

c. Transitional epithelium lines the ureter.

d. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

33 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. dermal papillae

b. sweat gland ducts

c. epidermal appendages

d. Meissner's corpuscles

e. arrector pili muscle

34 / 60

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

b. capillary fenestrations.

c. mesangial cells.

d. podocyte foot processes

e. capillary endothelial cells.

35 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. medulla.

b. cortex

c. pelvis.

d. calyx.

e. papillae.

36 / 60

Which contains endolymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

c. . Scala vestibuli

d. . Cochlear duct

37 / 60

Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Alveolar sacs

b. . Alveolar ducts

c. . Alveoli

d. . Bronchi

e. . Respiratory bronchioles

38 / 60

Where on the retina are there no photoreceptors?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Lamina cribrosa

d. . Fovea centralis

e. . Optic disc

39 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Optic disc

c. . Lamina vitrea

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Fovea centralis

40 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Brush cell

b. . Dust cell

c. . Type II pneumocyte

d. . Type I pneumocyte

e. . Clara cell

41 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Alveolar duct

b. . Respiratory bronchiole

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Alveoli

e. . Alveolar sac

42 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Cochlear duct

b. . Scala vestibuli

c. . Scala tympani

d. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

43 / 60

Which of the following is a type of neuron?

a. . Rods

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Supporting cells

d. . Pigmented epithelium

e. . Cones

44 / 60

What structure is shaped like a snail shell?

a. . Semicircular canals

b. . Saccule

c. . Utricle

d. . Cochlea

e. . Organ of Corti

45 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Dust cell

b. . Brush cell

c. . Clara cell

d. . Type II pneumocyte

e. . Type I pneumocyte

46 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Posterior chamber

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

d. . Vitreal cavity

e. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

47 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Brush cell

b. . Type I pneumocyte

c. . Clara cell

d. . Dust cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

48 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Alveoli

e. . Terminal bronchiole

49 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Rods, Cones

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Rods

d. . Cones

e. . Bipolar cells

50 / 60

What is the space posterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

b. . Anterior chamber

c. . Vitreal cavity

d. . Posterior chamber

51 / 60

What is responsible for adjusting the lens?

a. . Ciliary muscle

b. . Choroid

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Iris

e. . Sclera

52 / 60

Which cell type is located at the basal lamina of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Sustentacular cells

53 / 60

What is an olfactory cell?

a. . Bipolar neuron

b. . Unipolar neuron

c. . Multipolar neuron

d. . Supporting cell

54 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Endothelium

b. . Descemet's membrane

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Epithelium

55 / 60

What is the middle layer of the eyeball?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Cones

c. . Uvea

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Rods

56 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Fibrocartilage

b. . Hyaline cartilage

c. . Spongy bone

d. . Elastic cartilage

e. . Compact bone

57 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Choroid

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Sclera

e. . Iris

58 / 60

Where is the blind spot?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Fovea centralis

e. . Optic disc

59 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Sustentacular cells

60 / 60

What is the inner layer of the choroid?

a. . Optic disc

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Lamina vitrea

d. . Fovea centralis

e. . Ciliary body

Your score is

The average score is 74%

Any comments?

Any problems/errors or mistakes found while testing, please let us know for modification!

និស្សិតអាចប្រាប់មកកាន់ពួកយើងបានដើម្បីកែកំហុស ឬអំពីបញ្ហាដោយអចេតនាណាមួយដែលកើតមានកំឡុងពេលធ្វើតេស្ត