Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. proximal urethra.

b. bladder.

c. renal pelvis.

d. Bowman's capsule.

e. ureter.

2 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Ovarian surface is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary ovarian follicles.

e. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

3 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

b. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

c. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

d. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

e. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

4 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis do cells contain keratohyalin granules?

a. hairy skin

b. hair follicle

c. pilosebaceous unit

d. stratum granulosum

e. papillary dermis

5 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

b. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

c. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

d. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

e. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

6 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

b. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

c. Each seminiferous tubule is about 30 to 80 cm long.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

7 / 60

Mesangial cells are:

a. not epithelial cells.

b. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

c. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. simple squamous epithelial cells.

8 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. area cribosa.

b. urinary (tubular) pole.

c. mesangium

d. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

e. vascular pole.

9 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

c. stratum lucidum.

d. stratum corneum.

e. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

10 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. submucosal glands.

b. eccrine sweat glands.

c. mammary glands.

d. lymphatic glands.

e. sebaceous glands.

11 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

c. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

d. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

e. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

12 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

c. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

d. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

13 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. arrector pili muscle

b. epidermal appendages

c. sweat gland ducts

d. Meissner's corpuscles

e. dermal papillae

14 / 60

The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:

a. 30 and 35 nanometers.

b. 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.

c. 300 and 350 micrometers.

d. 3 and 3.5 micrometers.

e. 30 and 35 micrometers.

15 / 60

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. afferent arterioles.

b. peritubular capillaries.

c. efferent arterioles.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. vasa recta.

16 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

17 / 60

The outer lining of Bowman’s capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:

a. squamous cells.

b. mesangial cells.

c. pericytes

d. cuboidal cells.

e. podocytes

18 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. adipose connective tissue.

d. endothelium.

e. dense fibrous connective tissue.

19 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. interlobular arteries.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. interlobar arteries.

d. vasa recta.

e. afferent arteries.

20 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

b. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

c. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

21 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

b. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

c. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

d. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

e. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

22 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum corneum.

b. stratum lucidum.

c. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

d. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

e. stratum granulosum.

23 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. peritubular capillaries.

b. vasa recta.

c. efferent arterioles.

d. afferent arterioles.

e. arcuate arteries.

24 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. proximal convoluted tubule.

b. distal convoluted tubule.

c. collecting duct.

d. loop of Henle.

e. glomerulus.

25 / 60

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. podocytes.

b. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

c. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. mesangial cells.

26 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

b. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

c. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

d. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

27 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

b. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

c. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

d. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

e. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

28 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

c. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

d. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

e. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

29 / 60

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

b. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

c. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

d. collecting duct epithelium.

e. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

30 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. medulla

b. pelvis

c. papilla

d. cortex

e. calyx

31 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. papillae

b. cortex

c. pelvis

d. medulla

e. calyx

32 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Type I pneumocyte

e. . Dust cell

33 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Sound

b. . Position

c. . Vibration

d. . Movement

34 / 60

Where is the region associated with maximum visual acuity?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Optic disc

c. . Lamina vitrea

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Fovea centralis

35 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. . Semicircular canals

b. . Saccule

c. . Utricle

d. . Saccule, Utricle

e. . Organ of Corti

36 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Utricle

b. . Semicircular canals

c. . Organ of Corti

d. . Saccule, Utricle

e. . Saccule

37 / 60

What is the middle layer of the eyeball?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Uvea

d. . Rods

e. . Cones

38 / 60

What structure is shaped like a snail shell?

a. . Utricle

b. . Cochlea

c. . Semicircular canals

d. . Saccule

e. . Organ of Corti

39 / 60

Which cartilage of the larynx is made of elastic cartilage?

a. . Arytenoid cartilage

b. . Epiglottis

c. . Corniculate cartilage

d. . Cricoid cartilage

e. . Thyroid cartilage

40 / 60

What is the vascular pigmented structure?

a. . Iris

b. . Lens

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Ora serrate

e. . Choroid

41 / 60

What structure adjusts the shape of the lens?

a. . Ciliary muscle

b. . Internal oblique muscle

c. . Orbicularis oculi

d. . Levator muscle

e. . Tarsus

42 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Substantia propria

b. . Descemet's membrane

c. . Endothelium

d. . Epithelium

43 / 60

Which is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Bipolar cells

c. . Rods

d. . Cones

e. . Uvea

44 / 60

Which cell type is most numerous in olfactory mucosa?

a. . Brush cells

b. . Olfactory cells

c. . Sustentacular cells

d. . Basal cells

45 / 60

Which cell type is involved in general sensation of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Sustentacular cells

b. . Olfactory cells

c. . Basal cells

d. . Brush cells

46 / 60

Which contains endolymph?

a. . Cochlear duct

b. . Scala tympani

c. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

d. . Scala vestibuli

47 / 60

Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Respiratory bronchioles

b. . Alveolar ducts

c. . Alveoli

d. . Alveolar sacs

e. . Bronchi

48 / 60

What makes up the bulk of the sclera?

a. . Myofibrils

b. . Collagen fibers

c. . Purkinje fibers

d. . Reticular fibers

e. . Elastic fibers

49 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Rods, Cones

c. . Cones

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Rods

50 / 60

What type of epithelium is on the surface of the cornea?

a. . Simple cuboidal

b. . Simple columnar

c. . Stratified squamous

d. . Simple squamous

e. . Transitional epithelium

51 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala vestibuli

b. . Cochlear duct

c. . Scala tympani

d. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

52 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Brush cell

c. . Dust cell

d. . Type I pneumocyte

e. . Type II pneumocyte

53 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Fovea centralis

54 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Histiocyte

b. . Langerhans cell

c. . Dust cell

d. . Microglia

e. . Kupffer cells

55 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Vitreal cavity

b. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

c. . Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

e. . Anterior chamber

56 / 60

Which of the following is the receptor for color?

a. . Horizontal cells

b. . Ganglion cells

c. . Bipolar cells

d. . Rods

e. . Cones

57 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Pseudostratified epithelium

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Simple squamous epithelium

e. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

58 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Stratified squamous epithelium

c. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

59 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Cornea

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Choroid

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Iris

60 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Sustentacular cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Olfactory cells

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