Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Cornea

d. . Iris

e. . Pigmented epithelium

2 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Organ of Corti

b. . Saccule

c. . Semicircular canals

d. . Utricle

e. . Saccule, Utricle

3 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Movement

b. . Position

c. . Vibration

d. . Sound

4 / 60

How many layers does the retina have?

a. . 5

b. . 10

c. . 4

d. . 2

e. . 1

5 / 60

What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

e. . Pseudostratified epithelium

6 / 60

What is an olfactory cell?

a. . Unipolar neuron

b. . Bipolar neuron

c. . Multipolar neuron

d. . Supporting cell

7 / 60

What is the vascular pigmented structure?

a. . Choroid

b. . Ora serrate

c. . Lens

d. . Iris

e. . Ciliary body

8 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for position?

a. . Utricle

b. . Saccule

c. . Saccule, Utricle

d. . Organ of Corti

e. . Semicircular canals

9 / 60

Where is the region associated with maximum visual acuity?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Fovea centralis

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Ciliary body

10 / 60

What type of tissue lines the pharynx?

a. . Stratified squamous epithelium

b. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Simple columnar epithelium, Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Simple squamous epithelium

11 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Amacrine cells

b. . Bipolar cells

c. . Rods

d. . Ganglion cells

e. . Henle's layer

12 / 60

Where on the retina are there no photoreceptors?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Lamina vitrea

d. . Optic disc

e. . Fovea centralis

13 / 60

Which cell type is most numerous in olfactory mucosa?

a. . Brush cells

b. . Sustentacular cells

c. . Olfactory cells

d. . Basal cells

14 / 60

What structure is similar to a “bunch of grapes?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Alveoli

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Alveolar duct

15 / 60

Which of the following is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Neurons

b. . Supporting cells

c. . Receptor cells

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Pigmented epithelium

16 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveoli

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Terminal bronchiole

17 / 60

Which layer forms the majority of the cornea?

a. . Descemet's membrane

b. . Bowman's membrane

c. . Epithelium

d. . Endothelium

e. . Substantia propria

18 / 60

What is the space anterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber

19 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Posterior chamber

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Vitreal cavity

e. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

20 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Stratified squamous epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

d. . Pseudostratified epithelium

e. . Simple columnar epithelium

21 / 60

What type of epithelium is on the surface of the cornea?

a. . Simple columnar

b. . Transitional epithelium

c. . Simple cuboidal

d. . Stratified squamous

e. . Simple squamous

22 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Brush cell

c. . Clara cell

d. . Dust cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

23 / 60

Which structure is avascular?

a. . Retina

b. . Uvea

c. . Sclera

d. . Choroid

e. . Cornea

24 / 60

What is the region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Lamina vitrea

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Fovea centralis

25 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Alveoli

b. . Respiratory bronchiole

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Alveolar duct

26 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Clara cell

c. . Brush cell

d. . Dust cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

27 / 60

Which is structure is NOT part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Larynx

b. . Bronchi

c. . Respiratory bronchioles

d. . Trachea

28 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

b. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

c. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

d. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

e. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

29 / 60

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

b. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

c. podocytes.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

30 / 60

The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:

a. 30 and 35 nanometers.

b. 3 and 3.5 micrometers.

c. 300 and 350 micrometers.

d. 30 and 35 micrometers.

e. 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.

31 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

b. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

c. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

d. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

32 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis do cells contain keratohyalin granules?

a. papillary dermis

b. stratum granulosum

c. pilosebaceous unit

d. hairy skin

e. hair follicle

33 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

b. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

c. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

d. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

34 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

b. vascular pole.

c. mesangium

d. urinary (tubular) pole.

e. area cribosa.

35 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

b. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

c. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

d. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

e. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

36 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. renin.

b. aldosterone.

c. angiotensinogen.

d. antiduretic hormone.

e. urea.

37 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. efferent arterioles.

d. afferent arterioles.

e. peritubular capillaries.

38 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary ovarian follicles.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

e. Ovarian surface is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

39 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. medulla

b. pelvis

c. cortex

d. calyx

e. papilla

40 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

c. transitional epithelium.

d. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. collecting duct epithelium.

41 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

b. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

c. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

d. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

e. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

42 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

c. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

43 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

c. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

d. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

e. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

44 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. epidermis

b. reticular layer of dermis.

c. sweat gland.

d. papillary layer of dermis.

e. hypodermis

45 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

b. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

c. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

46 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

b. stratum lucidum.

c. stratum corneum.

d. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

e. stratum granulosum.

47 / 60

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. juxtaglomerular cells.

b. mesangial cells.

c. transitional epithelium.

d. podocytes.

e. macula densa.

48 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. hair follicle.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. secretory portion of sweat gland.

d. duct of sweat gland.

e. arrector pili muscle.

49 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. dense fibrous connective tissue.

b. adipose connective tissue.

c. transitional epithelium.

d. endothelium.

e. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

50 / 60

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. mucosa

c. dermis

d. epidermis

e. hypodermis

51 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. juxtaglomerular cells.

b. podocytes.

c. mesangial cells.

d. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

52 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum granulosum

d. stratum corneum.

e. stratum lucidum.

53 / 60

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. thin skin

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum corneum

d. stratum basale

e. stratum spinosum

54 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(2)

a. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

d. The vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

55 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

b. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

c. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

d. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

e. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

56 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. loop of Henle.

b. distal convoluted tubule.

c. proximal convoluted tubule.

d. glomerulus.

e. collecting duct.

57 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. lymphatic glands.

b. mammary glands.

c. sebaceous glands.

d. eccrine sweat glands.

e. submucosal glands.

58 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. squamous epithelium.

b. smooth muscle.

c. columnar epithelium.

d. lymphocytes

e. glandular epithelium.

59 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

b. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

c. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

60 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

b. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

c. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

d. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

e. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

Your score is

The average score is 74%

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