Histologie Test – testnisset.com

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveoli

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Alveolar sac

2 / 60

What are the openings within the sclera which allow nerve fibers to exit?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Optic disc

c. . Os

d. . Optic chiasm

e. . Ora serrate

3 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Brush cell

b. . Dust cell

c. . Type I pneumocyte

d. . Type II pneumocyte

e. . Clara cell

4 / 60

Which is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Cones

b. . Uvea

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Rods

5 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Rods

b. . Cones

c. . Rods, Cones

d. . Ganglion cells

e. . Bipolar cells

6 / 60

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. . Perilymph

b. . Blood

c. . Air

d. . Lymph

e. . Endolymph

7 / 60

What type of tissue lines the pharynx?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium, Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

b. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Simple squamous epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

8 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Choroid

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Iris

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Sclera

9 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Dust cell

c. . Clara cell

d. . Brush cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

10 / 60

Which layer forms the majority of the cornea?

a. . Bowman's membrane

b. . Epithelium

c. . Descemet's membrane

d. . Endothelium

e. . Substantia propria

11 / 60

What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas exchange occurs?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Respiratory bronchiole

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Alveoli

12 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Pigmented epithelium

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Cornea

d. . Sclera

e. . Iris

13 / 60

Where is the blind spot?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Fovea centralis

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Lamina cribrosa

14 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Substantia propria

b. . Epithelium

c. . Endothelium

d. . Bowman's membrane

15 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Langerhans cell

b. . Dust cell

c. . Kupffer cells

d. . Microglia

e. . Histiocyte

16 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Alveolar sac

b. . Terminal bronchiole

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Alveolar duct

e. . Alveoli

17 / 60

What structure is similar to a “bunch of grapes?

a. . Alveolar sac

b. . Terminal bronchiole

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Alveolar duct

e. . Alveoli

18 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Choroid

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Cornea

d. . Iris

e. . Ciliary body

19 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Ora serrata

b. . Sclera

c. . Pigmented epithelium

d. . Cornea

e. . Ciliary body

20 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Sustentacular cells

c. . Basal cells

d. . Brush cells

21 / 60

What is the vascular pigmented structure?

a. . Iris

b. . Ora serrate

c. . Lens

d. . Choroid

e. . Ciliary body

22 / 60

What are neurons in the retina?

a. . Unipolar and Pseudounipolar

b. . Multipolar

c. . Bipolar

d. . Pseudounipolar

e. . Unipolar

23 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 2

b. . 5

c. . 1

d. . 3

e. . 4

24 / 60

What is the space posterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

25 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Movement

b. . Vibration

c. . Position

d. . Sound

26 / 60

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. dermis

b. lamina propria

c. epidermis

d. mucosa

e. hypodermis

27 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

b. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

c. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

d. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

e. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

28 / 60

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the barrier function of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. thin skin

c. stratum basale

d. stratum spinosum

e. stratum corneum

29 / 60

Which cell type of the epidermis is involved in the mediation of immune responses?

a. Langerhans cell

b. melanocyte

c. keratinocyte

d. Merkel cell

e. myoepithelial cell

30 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

b. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

c. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

d. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

e. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

31 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. adipose connective tissue.

d. dense fibrous connective tissue.

e. endothelium.

32 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. sebaceous glands.

b. submucosal glands.

c. mammary glands.

d. lymphatic glands.

e. eccrine sweat glands.

33 / 60

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. fibroblasts

b. Langerhans cells.

c. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

d. Merkel cells.

e. melanocytes

34 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

c. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

d. collecting duct epithelium.

e. transitional epithelium.

35 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

b. vascular pole.

c. urinary (tubular) pole

d. area cribosa.

e. mesangium.

36 / 60

Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:

a. papillae

b. renal lobules.

c. columns of Bertin.

d. medullary rays.

e. calyces

37 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

b. podocytes.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

e. mesangial cells.

38 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

b. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

c. There are six layers to the epidermis.

d. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

e. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

39 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

b. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. The granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle secrete progesterone.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

e. The corpus albicans of the ovary is the functional homologue of the tunica albuginea in males.

40 / 60

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

b. capillary fenestrations.

c. podocyte foot processes

d. capillary endothelial cells.

e. mesangial cells.

41 / 60

Mesangial cells are:

a. simple squamous epithelial cells.

b. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

c. not epithelial cells.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

42 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

b. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

e. The mammary gland is a merocrine and apocrine secretion.

43 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

b. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

c. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

d. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

e. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

44 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

b. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

c. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

45 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

d. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

46 / 60

The basement membrane lies between:

a. stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

b. stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

c. epidermis and dermis.

d. stratum basale and stratum spinosum.

e. papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

47 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. podocytes foot processes.

b. continuous endothelium.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. mesangial cells.

e. fenestrated endothelium.

48 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

b. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

c. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

d. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

e. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

49 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum corneum

b. thick skin

c. stratum basale

d. stratum granulosum

e. stratum lucidum

50 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

d. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

e. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

51 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

b. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

c. modified smooth muscle cells.

d. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

e. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

52 / 60

The region of the kidney containing distal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. capsule

b. hilus

c. medulla

d. pelvis

e. cortex

53 / 60

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

b. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. podocytes.

e. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

54 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

c. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

55 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

b. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The epidermis of the thin skin has four stratum

d. The overall orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis will follow the 'lines of greatest tension'.

e. Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

56 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

b. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

c. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

57 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. dermal papillae

b. Meissner's corpuscles

c. epidermal appendages

d. sweat gland ducts

e. arrector pili muscle

58 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. aldosterone.

b. renin.

c. antiduretic hormone.

d. urea.

e. angiotensinogen.

59 / 60

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. podocyte foot processes.

b. mesangial cells.

c. pericytes

d. fibroblasts

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

60 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

b. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

c. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

d. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

e. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

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