Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Henle's layer

b. . Bipolar cells

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Rods

e. . Amacrine cells

2 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Semicircular canals

b. . Saccule, Utricle

c. . Utricle

d. . Organ of Corti

e. . Saccule

3 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Pseudostratified epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

4 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Cornea

b. . Choroid

c. . Iris

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Ciliary body

5 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Dust cell

c. . Type II pneumocyte

d. . Clara cell

e. . Brush cell

6 / 60

Which cell is a squamous pulmonary epithelial cell?

a. . Dust cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Type I pneumocyte

7 / 60

What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas exchange occurs?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Alveoli

8 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. . Saccule, Utricle

b. . Semicircular canals

c. . Saccule

d. . Organ of Corti

e. . Utricle

9 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Histiocyte

b. . Microglia

c. . Dust cell

d. . Kupffer cells

e. . Langerhans cell

10 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the vestibule?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

11 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Type II pneumocyte

b. . Brush cell

c. . Type I pneumocyte

d. . Clara cell

e. . Dust cell

12 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Schlemm

b. . Canaliculi

c. . Canal of Hering

d. . Canal of Descemet

e. . Canal of Muller

13 / 60

Which of the following is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Receptor cells

c. . Supporting cells

d. . Neurons

e. . Pigmented epithelium

14 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Type II pneumocyte

b. . Type I pneumocyte

c. . Clara cell

d. . Brush cell

e. . Dust cell

15 / 60

What is the region called where the optic nerve exits the eye?

a. . Optic chiasm

b. . Optic disc

c. . Os

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Ora serrate

16 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Alveolar duct

b. . Terminal bronchiole

c. . Alveoli

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Respiratory bronchiole

17 / 60

What structure adjusts the shape of the lens?

a. . Tarsus

b. . Internal oblique muscle

c. . Orbicularis oculi

d. . Levator muscle

e. . Ciliary muscle

18 / 60

What sensation does the crista ampullaris recognize?

a. . Vibration

b. . Position

c. . Movement

d. . Sound

19 / 60

What structure is similar to a “bunch of grapes?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar duct

c. . Alveoli

d. . Alveolar sac

e. . Terminal bronchiole

20 / 60

What are neurons in the retina?

a. . Multipolar

b. . Bipolar

c. . Unipolar

d. . Unipolar and Pseudounipolar

e. . Pseudounipolar

21 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Alveoli

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Alveolar duct

e. . Terminal bronchiole

22 / 60

What is within the membranous labyrinth?

a. . Endolymph

b. . Air

c. . Perilymph

d. . Blood

e. . Lymph

23 / 60

Which cell is found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Dust cell

24 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Brush cells

c. . Basal cells

d. . Sustentacular cells

25 / 60

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. . Lymph

b. . Perilymph

c. . Endolymph

d. . Blood

e. . Air

26 / 60

What is the space anterior to the lens?

a. . Vitreal cavity

b. . Anterior chamber

c. . Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

27 / 60

What is the anterior pigmented portion of the retina called?

a. . Choroid

b. . Iris

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Sclera

e. . Ciliary body

28 / 60

Which contains endolymph?

a. . Cochlear duct

b. . Scala tympani

c. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

d. . Scala vestibuli

29 / 60

Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ of Corti?

a. . Hair cells

b. . Inner border cells

c. . Cells of Hensen

d. . Outer phalangeal cells

e. . Inner pillar cells

30 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Substantia propria

b. . Endothelium

c. . Bowman's membrane

d. . Epithelium

31 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 2

b. . 3

c. . 1

d. . 5

e. . 4

32 / 60

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?

a. . Fibrocartilage

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Hyaline cartilage, Elastic cartilage

33 / 60

Podocytes are:

a. simple columnar epithelial cells.

b. simple squamous epithelial cells.

c. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

d. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

e. not epithelial cells.

34 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. hair follicle.

b. secretory portion of sweat gland.

c. arrector pili muscle.

d. sebaceous gland.

e. duct of sweat gland.

35 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(7)

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

c. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

d. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

36 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. distal convoluted tubule.

b. proximal convoluted tubule.

c. collecting duct.

d. glomerulus.

e. loop of Henle.

37 / 60

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. mesangial cells.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. macula densa.

d. podocytes.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

38 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. There are six layers to the epidermis.

b. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

c. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

d. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

e. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

39 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. podocytes.

b. mesangial cells.

c. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

d. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

40 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

b. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

c. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

41 / 60

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. podocyte foot processes.

b. fibroblasts

c. mesangial cells.

d. pericytes

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

42 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

b. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

c. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

e. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

43 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

b. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

44 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

b. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

c. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

d. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

e. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

45 / 60

Which connective tissue layer lies closest to the epidermis:

a. hypodermis

b. lamina propria

c. stratum corneum

d. papillary layer of dermis.

e. reticular layer of dermis.

46 / 60

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. afferent arterioles.

c. arcuate arteries.

d. peritubular capillaries.

e. efferent arterioles.

47 / 60

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. mesangial cells.

b. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

c. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

d. podocytes.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

48 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

b. urinary (tubular) pole.

c. vascular pole.

d. mesangium

e. area cribosa.

49 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte

b. The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

c. Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla

d. Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle

e. The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.

50 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. epidermis

b. papillary layer of dermis.

c. reticular layer of dermis.

d. sweat gland.

e. hypodermis

51 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

52 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. podocytes foot processes.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. fenestrated endothelium.

d. continuous endothelium.

e. mesangial cells.

53 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

b. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

c. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

d. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

e. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

54 / 60

Which of the following is NOT an “epidermal appendage” (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?

a. arrector pili muscle.

b. sebaceous gland.

c. duct of sweat gland.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. hair follicle.

55 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. sweat gland ducts

b. epidermal appendages

c. arrector pili muscle

d. Meissner's corpuscles

e. dermal papillae

56 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. urea.

b. renin.

c. antiduretic hormone.

d. aldosterone.

e. angiotensinogen.

57 / 60

The outer lining of Bowman’s capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:

a. cuboidal cells.

b. pericytes

c. mesangial cells.

d. podocytes

e. squamous cells.

58 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. papillae.

b. medulla.

c. cortex

d. pelvis.

e. calyx.

59 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum lucidum.

c. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

d. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

e. stratum corneum.

60 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

b. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

c. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

d. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

e. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

Your score is

The average score is 46%

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