Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which cell type is involved in general sensation of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Sustentacular cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Olfactory cells

d. . Brush cells

2 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Fovea centralis

b. . Optic disc

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Lamina cribrosa

3 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Type I pneumocyte

d. . Brush cell

e. . Dust cell

4 / 60

What is an olfactory cell?

a. . Multipolar neuron

b. . Unipolar neuron

c. . Bipolar neuron

d. . Supporting cell

5 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Pigmented epithelium

c. . Choroid

d. . Cornea

e. . Ora serrata

6 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Iris

c. . Sclera

d. . Choroid

e. . Ora serrata

7 / 60

Which cell is also called an alveolar phagocyte?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Clara cell

c. . Dust cell

d. . Brush cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

8 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Rods, Cones

c. . Rods

d. . Ganglion cells

e. . Cones

9 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

10 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Alveolar duct

b. . Alveoli

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Alveolar sac

11 / 60

What is the region called where the optic nerve exits the eye?

a. . Optic chiasm

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Os

d. . Ora serrate

e. . Optic disc

12 / 60

Which cartilage of the larynx is made of elastic cartilage?

a. . Cricoid cartilage

b. . Thyroid cartilage

c. . Arytenoid cartilage

d. . Epiglottis

e. . Corniculate cartilage

13 / 60

What is the middle layer of the eyeball?

a. . Cones

b. . Uvea

c. . Rods

d. . Ganglion cells

e. . Bipolar cells

14 / 60

What structure adjusts the shape of the lens?

a. . Orbicularis oculi

b. . Ciliary muscle

c. . Levator muscle

d. . Tarsus

e. . Internal oblique muscle

15 / 60

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the cornea?

a. . Endothelium

b. . Bowman's membrane

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Descemet's membrane

e. . Lamina vitrea

16 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for position?

a. . Utricle

b. . Organ of Corti

c. . Saccule

d. . Saccule, Utricle

e. . Semicircular canals

17 / 60

What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas exchange occurs?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Terminal bronchiole

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Alveoli

e. . Alveolar sac

18 / 60

Which is structure is NOT part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Larynx

b. . Respiratory bronchioles

c. . Bronchi

d. . Trachea

19 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Schlemm

b. . Canaliculi

c. . Canal of Descemet

d. . Canal of Muller

e. . Canal of Hering

20 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Choroid

b. . Cornea

c. . Iris

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Ciliary body

21 / 60

What is the space posterior to the lens?

a. . Vitreal cavity

b. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

c. . Anterior chamber

d. . Posterior chamber

22 / 60

Which of the following is the receptor for color?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Cones

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Rods

e. . Horizontal cells

23 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 2

b. . 4

c. . 3

d. . 5

e. . 1

24 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Horizontal cells

b. . Pigment epithelium

c. . Huxley's layer

d. . Muller's cells

e. . Cones

25 / 60

What are the openings within the sclera which allow nerve fibers to exit?

a. . Ora serrate

b. . Optic disc

c. . Optic chiasm

d. . Lamina cribrosa

e. . Os

26 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the vestibule?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Transitional epithelium

27 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Pseudostratified epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

28 / 60

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. macula densa.

b. mesangial cells.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. transitional epithelium.

e. podocytes.

29 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(2)

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

c. The vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

e. The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

30 / 60

Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?

a. epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

d. podocytes.

e. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

31 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

c. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

d. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

e. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

32 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum corneum.

b. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

c. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

d. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

e. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the basal layer.

33 / 60

The outer lining of Bowman’s capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:

a. squamous cells.

b. mesangial cells.

c. pericytes

d. podocytes

e. cuboidal cells.

34 / 60

Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:

a. vasa recta.

b. efferent arterioles.

c. afferent arterioles.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. peritubular capillaries.

35 / 60

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. podocyte foot processes

b. mesangial cells.

c. capillary fenestrations.

d. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

e. capillary endothelial cells.

36 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(7)

a. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

d. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

e. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

37 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

e. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

38 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

b. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The epidermis of the thin skin has four stratum

d. Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

e. The overall orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis will follow the 'lines of greatest tension'.

39 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. hair follicle.

b. duct of sweat gland.

c. sebaceous gland.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. arrector pili muscle.

40 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

b. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

c. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

d. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

41 / 60

Which of the following typically includes dead cells with pyknotic nuclei?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. arrector pili muscle.

c. sebaceous gland.

d. hair follicle.

e. duct of sweat gland.

42 / 60

The region of the kidney containing distal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. hilus

b. pelvis

c. capsule

d. medulla

e. cortex

43 / 60

Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:

a. peritubular capillaries.

b. efferent arterioles.

c. vasa recta.

d. arcuate arteries.

e. afferent arterioles.

44 / 60

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. hypodermis

b. lamina propria

c. mucosa

d. epidermis

e. dermis

45 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. interlobular arteries.

b. afferent arteries.

c. vasa recta.

d. interlobar arteries.

e. arcuate arteries.

46 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

c. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

d. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

e. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

47 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

b. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

c. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

d. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

e. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

48 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

b. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

c. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

d. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

e. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

49 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

b. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

c. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

d. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

e. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

50 / 60

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. hypodermis

b. papillary dermis

c. stratum corneum of epidermis

d. dermis

e. stratum basale of epidermis.

51 / 60

Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?

a. Langerhans cells.

b. Merkel cells.

c. fibroblasts

d. keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").

e. melanocytes

52 / 60

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. bladder.

b. renal pelvis.

c. ureter.

d. proximal urethra.

e. Bowman's capsule.

53 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

c. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

54 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:

a. vascular pole.

b. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

c. mesangium.

d. urinary (tubular) pole

e. area cribosa.

55 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum corneum

b. thick skin

c. stratum granulosum

d. stratum basale

e. stratum lucidum

56 / 60

The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:

a. area cribosa.

b. mesangium

c. vascular pole.

d. urinary (tubular) pole.

e. juxtaglomerular apparatus.

57 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(4)

a. The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex

b. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

c. The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

58 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. angiotensinogen.

b. aldosterone.

c. renin.

d. urea.

e. antiduretic hormone.

59 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. eccrine sweat glands.

b. mammary glands.

c. lymphatic glands.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. submucosal glands.

60 / 60

Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:

a. fibroblasts

b. pericytes

c. mesangial cells.

d. podocytes

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

Your score is

The average score is 85%

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