Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

Which cell type is located at the basal lamina of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Sustentacular cells

b. . Brush cells

c. . Basal cells

d. . Olfactory cells

2 / 60

What type of tissue lines the paranasal sinuses?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Transitional epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

3 / 60

Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ of Corti?

a. . Outer phalangeal cells

b. . Hair cells

c. . Inner border cells

d. . Cells of Hensen

e. . Inner pillar cells

4 / 60

Which cell is found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Type I pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Dust cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

5 / 60

Which contains perilymph?

a. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

b. . Scala tympani

c. . Cochlear duct

d. . Scala vestibuli

6 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Respiratory bronchiole

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Alveoli

e. . Alveolar sac

7 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. . Saccule, Utricle

b. . Utricle

c. . Organ of Corti

d. . Semicircular canals

e. . Saccule

8 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Compact bone

b. . Hyaline cartilage

c. . Elastic cartilage

d. . Spongy bone

e. . Fibrocartilage

9 / 60

Which cell secretes surfactant?

a. . Type I pneumocyte

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Dust cell

10 / 60

Which layer forms the majority of the cornea?

a. . Bowman's membrane

b. . Descemet's membrane

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Epithelium

e. . Endothelium

11 / 60

What is the suspensory ligament of the lens?

a. . Elastic fibers

b. . Spiral ligament

c. . Purkinje fibers

d. . Oval ligament

e. . Zonlular fibers

12 / 60

What is the region called where the optic nerve exits the eye?

a. . Ora serrate

b. . Optic chiasm

c. . Optic disc

d. . Os

e. . Lamina cribrosa

13 / 60

Where is the organ of Corti?

a. . Utricle

b. . Saccule

c. . Cochlea

d. . Semicircular canals

e. . Crista ampullaris

14 / 60

What type of tissue lines the pharynx?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium, Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

15 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Iris

b. . Choroid

c. . Sclera

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Ciliary body

16 / 60

Which cell type is most numerous in olfactory mucosa?

a. . Brush cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Olfactory cells

d. . Sustentacular cells

17 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Ora serrata

b. . Sclera

c. . Choroid

d. . Pigmented epithelium

e. . Cornea

18 / 60

What is the region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball?

a. . Fovea centralis

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Optic disc

19 / 60

What is the inner layer of the choroid?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Fovea centralis

c. . Optic disc

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Lamina vitrea

20 / 60

Which of the following is the receptor for color?

a. . Rods

b. . Horizontal cells

c. . Cones

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Ganglion cells

21 / 60

Which cell is also called a septal cell?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Dust cell

c. . Brush cell

d. . Type II pneumocyte

e. . Type I pneumocyte

22 / 60

In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?

a. . Alveoli

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Terminal bronchiole

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Alveolar duct

23 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for position?

a. . Utricle

b. . Organ of Corti

c. . Saccule

d. . Saccule, Utricle

e. . Semicircular canals

24 / 60

Which of the following is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Pigmented epithelium

b. . Receptor cells

c. . Neurons

d. . Supporting cells

e. . Ciliary body

25 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Pigmented epithelium

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Cornea

d. . Sclera

e. . Iris

26 / 60

What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung?

a. . Pseudostratified epithelium

b. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Simple squamous epithelium

27 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Simple squamous epithelium

b. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

c. . Stratified squamous epithelium

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Pseudostratified epithelium

28 / 60

Which cell type is involved in general sensation of the olfactory mucosa?

a. . Basal cells

b. . Sustentacular cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Olfactory cells

29 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

b. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

c. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

d. There are six layers to the epidermis.

e. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

30 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. epidermis

b. reticular layer of dermis.

c. sweat gland.

d. papillary layer of dermis.

e. hypodermis

31 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. hair follicle.

b. secretory portion of sweat gland.

c. arrector pili muscle.

d. sebaceous gland.

e. duct of sweat gland.

32 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

b. Leydig cells are located inside the seminiferous tubule.

c. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

d. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

e. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

33 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

b. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

c. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

d. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

e. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

34 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. angiotensinogen.

b. renin.

c. urea.

d. aldosterone.

e. antiduretic hormone.

35 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum corneum.

d. stratum granulosum.

e. stratum lucidum.

36 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

c. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

37 / 60

Which of the following typically includes dead cells with pyknotic nuclei?

a. arrector pili muscle.

b. hair follicle.

c. sebaceous gland.

d. secretory portion of sweat gland.

e. duct of sweat gland.

38 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. collecting duct epithelium.

b. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

c. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

d. transitional epithelium.

e. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

39 / 60

Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:

a. mesangial cells.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. pericytes

d. podocytes

e. fibroblasts

40 / 60

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. stratum corneum of epidermis

b. hypodermis

c. papillary dermis

d. stratum basale of epidermis.

e. dermis

41 / 60

The epithelial layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. hypodermis

c. dermis

d. epidermis

e. mucosa

42 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

b. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

c. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

d. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

e. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

43 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

b. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

c. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

d. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

e. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

44 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

d. stratum lucidum.

e. stratum corneum.

45 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

b. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

c. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

d. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

e. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

46 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(1)

a. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

d. The transport of sodium ions over the epithelia lining the ascending thin and straight distal tubules creates the osmotic gradient necessary for the resorption of water from the urine passing through the collecting ducts.

e. The glomerular filtration slit is around 20 to 30 nm.

47 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

b. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

c. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

d. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

e. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

48 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. calyx

b. pelvis

c. papillae

d. cortex

e. medulla

49 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. continuous endothelium.

b. podocytes foot processes.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. fenestrated endothelium.

e. mesangial cells.

50 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

b. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

d. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

51 / 60

The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:

a. 3 and 3.5 micrometers.

b. 30 and 35 micrometers.

c. 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.

d. 300 and 350 micrometers.

e. 30 and 35 nanometers.

52 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

b. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

c. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

53 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

b. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

d. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

e. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

54 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. papillae.

b. medulla.

c. pelvis.

d. cortex

e. calyx.

55 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

b. juxtaglomerular cells.

c. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

d. mesangial cells.

e. podocytes.

56 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum basale

b. stratum lucidum

c. thick skin

d. stratum granulosum

e. stratum corneum

57 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. lymphatic glands.

b. sebaceous glands.

c. mammary glands.

d. eccrine sweat glands.

e. submucosal glands.

58 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. papilla

b. pelvis

c. medulla

d. calyx

e. cortex

59 / 60

The region of the kidney where artery, vein and ureter are attached is called the:

a. calyx.

b. pelvis.

c. cortex.

d. hilus.

e. medulla.

60 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. adipose connective tissue.

b. transitional epithelium.

c. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

d. dense fibrous connective tissue.

e. endothelium.

Your score is

The average score is 84%

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