Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Alveolar duct

b. . Terminal bronchiole

c. . Respiratory bronchiole

d. . Alveoli

e. . Alveolar sac

2 / 60

Which of the following is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Supporting cells

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Pigmented epithelium

d. . Neurons

e. . Receptor cells

3 / 60

What is the most anterior portion of the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Iris

e. . Choroid

4 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveoli

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Terminal bronchiole

e. . Alveolar sac

5 / 60

What structure is shaped like a snail shell?

a. . Utricle

b. . Semicircular canals

c. . Organ of Corti

d. . Cochlea

e. . Saccule

6 / 60

What is an olfactory cell?

a. . Multipolar neuron

b. . Unipolar neuron

c. . Supporting cell

d. . Bipolar neuron

7 / 60

Which is structure is NOT part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Larynx

b. . Trachea

c. . Bronchi

d. . Respiratory bronchioles

8 / 60

What is the anterior pigmented portion of the retina called?

a. . Ora serrata

b. . Iris

c. . Sclera

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Choroid

9 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Type II pneumocyte

b. . Brush cell

c. . Dust cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Type I pneumocyte

10 / 60

Which cell is found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?

a. . Clara cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Dust cell

e. . Type I pneumocyte

11 / 60

What is the inner layer of the choroid?

a. . Fovea centralis

b. . Optic disc

c. . Lamina cribrosa

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Ciliary body

12 / 60

What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung?

a. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

b. . Stratified squamous epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Pseudostratified epithelium

13 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 4

b. . 1

c. . 3

d. . 2

e. . 5

14 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

15 / 60

Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ of Corti?

a. . Outer phalangeal cells

b. . Hair cells

c. . Inner border cells

d. . Inner pillar cells

e. . Cells of Hensen

16 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Pigmented epithelium

d. . Cornea

e. . Choroid

17 / 60

What is the space posterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

b. . Posterior chamber

c. . Vitreal cavity

d. . Anterior chamber

18 / 60

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?

a. . Fibrocartilage

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Hyaline cartilage, Elastic cartilage

19 / 60

Which structure is avascular?

a. . Sclera

b. . Choroid

c. . Cornea

d. . Retina

e. . Uvea

20 / 60

What type of tissue lines the pharynx?

a. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

b. . Simple columnar epithelium, Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

c. . Simple columnar epithelium

d. . Simple squamous epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

21 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Choroid

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Cornea

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Iris

22 / 60

What type of epithelium is on the surface of the cornea?

a. . Simple cuboidal

b. . Stratified squamous

c. . Simple columnar

d. . Transitional epithelium

e. . Simple squamous

23 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Pseudostratified epithelium

24 / 60

What is within the membranous labyrinth?

a. . Lymph

b. . Air

c. . Blood

d. . Endolymph

e. . Perilymph

25 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Vitreal cavity

b. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Posterior chamber

e. . Anterior chamber

26 / 60

What is the region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball?

a. . Ciliary body

b. . Lamina cribrosa

c. . Optic disc

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Fovea centralis

27 / 60

Which is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Rods

c. . Uvea

d. . Cones

e. . Ganglion cells

28 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Descemet

b. . Canal of Hering

c. . Canaliculi

d. . Canal of Muller

e. . Canal of Schlemm

29 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?

a. . Hyaline cartilage

b. . Compact bone

c. . Elastic cartilage

d. . Fibrocartilage

e. . Spongy bone

30 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

31 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

b. Ejaculation results from smooth muscle contractions around the vas deferens and ductus epididymis.

c. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

d. The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.

e. The epithelium that lines the rete testis is a simple cuboidal epithelium.

32 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

b. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

c. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

d. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

e. modified smooth muscle cells.

33 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. lymphocytes

b. smooth muscle.

c. glandular epithelium.

d. squamous epithelium.

e. columnar epithelium.

34 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum corneum.

c. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

d. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

e. stratum lucidum.

35 / 60

Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:

a. mesangial cells.

b. podocyte foot processes.

c. juxtaglomerular cells.

d. fibroblasts

e. pericytes

36 / 60

The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:

a. 300 and 350 micrometers.

b. 30 and 35 micrometers.

c. 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.

d. 30 and 35 nanometers.

e. 3 and 3.5 micrometers.

37 / 60

Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:

a. mesangial cells.

b. macula densa.

c. transitional epithelium.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. podocytes.

38 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

b. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

c. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

39 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(4)

a. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

b. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

c. The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

40 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

b. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

c. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

d. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

e. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

41 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The myometrium of the uterus is important for the transport of the oocyte and sperm.

b. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

c. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

d. The mammary gland contains 15 to 20 lobes.

e. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

42 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

b. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

c. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

43 / 60

Filtration slits are located between adjacent:

a. mesangial cells.

b. layers of the glomerular basement membrane.

c. capillary endothelial cells.

d. podocyte foot processes

e. capillary fenestrations.

44 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

b. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

c. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

d. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

e. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

45 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. pelvis.

b. calyx.

c. cortex

d. medulla.

e. papillae.

46 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

b. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the stratum corneum.

c. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum spinosum.

d. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

e. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

47 / 60

The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:

a. epidermal appendages

b. arrector pili muscle

c. dermal papillae

d. sweat gland ducts

e. Meissner's corpuscles

48 / 60

Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?

a. stratum lucidum.

b. stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.

c. stratum granulosum.

d. stratum basale or stratum germinativum.

e. stratum corneum.

49 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

d. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

e. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

50 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement.

a. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

b. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

c. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

d. Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.

e. The epithelium that lines the ductuli efferntes is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

51 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. interlobar arteries.

b. arcuate arteries.

c. interlobular arteries.

d. afferent arteries.

e. vasa recta.

52 / 60

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. melanocyte

b. myoepithelial cell

c. fibroblast

d. Langerhans cell

e. keratinocyte

53 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. podocytes foot processes.

b. continuous endothelium.

c. mesangial cells.

d. fenestrated endothelium.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

54 / 60

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:

a. antiduretic hormone.

b. aldosterone.

c. renin.

d. angiotensinogen.

e. urea.

55 / 60

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

b. collecting duct epithelium.

c. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

d. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

56 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

b. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

c. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

57 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(3)

a. "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.

b. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

c. The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.

d. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

e. The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

58 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. submucosal glands.

b. lymphatic glands.

c. eccrine sweat glands.

d. mammary glands.

e. sebaceous glands.

59 / 60

Which cells respond to aldosterone?

a. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

b. epithelial cells of distal tubules.

c. podocytes.

d. juxtaglomerular cells.

e. mesangial cells.

60 / 60

Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. duct of sweat gland.

c. sebaceous gland.

d. hair follicle.

e. arrector pili muscle.

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