Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

a. . Simple columnar epithelium

b. . Stratified squamous epithelium

c. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

d. . Pseudostratified epithelium

e. . Simple squamous epithelium

2 / 60

What is the anterior pigmented portion of the retina called?

a. . Choroid

b. . Sclera

c. . Ora serrata

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Iris

3 / 60

Which structure is avascular?

a. . Choroid

b. . Sclera

c. . Uvea

d. . Retina

e. . Cornea

4 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Olfactory cells

b. . Basal cells

c. . Brush cells

d. . Sustentacular cells

5 / 60

Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?

a. . Type II pneumocyte

b. . Type I pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Dust cell

e. . Clara cell

6 / 60

What type of tissue lines the pharynx?

a. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Simple columnar epithelium, Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Simple columnar epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

7 / 60

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the cornea?

a. . Substantia propria

b. . Endothelium

c. . Bowman's membrane

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Descemet's membrane

8 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Respiratory bronchiole

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Terminal bronchiole

e. . Alveoli

9 / 60

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. . Utricle

b. . Semicircular canals

c. . Organ of Corti

d. . Saccule

e. . Saccule, Utricle

10 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Endothelium

b. . Descemet's membrane

c. . Substantia propria

d. . Epithelium

11 / 60

Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?

a. . Langerhans cell

b. . Microglia

c. . Histiocyte

d. . Kupffer cells

e. . Dust cell

12 / 60

What is the space anterior to the iris?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Vitreal cavity

e. . Posterior chamber

13 / 60

How many layers does the retina have?

a. . 4

b. . 5

c. . 1

d. . 10

e. . 2

14 / 60

Which contains endolymph?

a. . Scala tympani

b. . Scala vestibuli

c. . Scala vestibule, Scala tympani

d. . Cochlear duct

15 / 60

What type of epithelium lines the vestibule?

a. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Transitional epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Simple columnar epithelium

16 / 60

What is the space posterior to the iris?

a. . Vitreal cavity

b. . Anterior chamber

c. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

d. . Posterior chamber

17 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Ora serrata

b. . Iris

c. . Sclera

d. . Cornea

e. . Pigmented epithelium

18 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Spongy bone

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Fibrocartilage

e. . Compact bone

19 / 60

Which cell is found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?

a. . Dust cell

b. . Type II pneumocyte

c. . Type I pneumocyte

d. . Brush cell

e. . Clara cell

20 / 60

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. . Lymph

b. . Blood

c. . Endolymph

d. . Perilymph

e. . Air

21 / 60

Where does aqueous humor from anterior chamber collect into?

a. . Canal of Hering

b. . Canal of Schlemm

c. . Canal of Muller

d. . Canaliculi

e. . Canal of Descemet

22 / 60

What is the space anterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Anterior chamber

d. . Posterior chamber

23 / 60

Where is the ciliary muscle located?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Fovea centralis

c. . Lamina cribrosa

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Optic disc

24 / 60

What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?

a. . Alveoli

b. . Alveolar sac

c. . Alveolar duct

d. . Respiratory bronchiole

e. . Terminal bronchiole

25 / 60

Which of the following is the receptor for color?

a. . Bipolar cells

b. . Cones

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Rods

e. . Horizontal cells

26 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

b. After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.

c. A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.

d. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.

e. Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.

27 / 60

The capsule of the kidney consists of:

a. adipose connective tissue.

b. endothelium.

c. dense fibrous connective tissue.

d. transitional epithelium.

e. loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.

28 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. The acini of the secretory part of the mammary gland are formed during pregnancy.

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

29 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum granulosum

b. stratum corneum

c. thick skin

d. stratum basale

e. stratum lucidum

30 / 60

The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. cortex

b. pelvis

c. papillae

d. medulla

e. calyx

31 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)

a. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

b. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

c. The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids.

d. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

e. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

32 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

b. The granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle secrete progesterone.

c. The corpus albicans of the ovary is the functional homologue of the tunica albuginea in males.

d. The term "atresia" refers to the degeneration of follicles during development and adult life.

e. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

33 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Leydig cells provide structural and nutritional support for the developing spermatocytes.

b. The maturation of spermatids into spermatozoides is called spermiogenesis.

c. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

d. The first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes will give rise the secondary spermatocytes.

e. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

34 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

b. . Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

c. Sebaceous gland is a simple branched alveolar gland.

d. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

e. Merocrine and apocrine sweat glands are simple tubular coiled glands.

35 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum basale?

a. Forms the base layer of the epidermis.

b. The main cell type of the stratum basale is the melanocyte.

c. Melanocytes store melanin, which is synthesized by keratinocytes.

d. The stratum basale consists of non-dividing keratinocytes.

e. Merkel cells are involved in immune responses.

36 / 60

The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:

a. sweat gland.

b. hypodermis

c. epidermis

d. reticular layer of dermis.

e. papillary layer of dermis.

37 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

b. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

c. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

d. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

e. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

38 / 60

Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?

a. collecting duct.

b. proximal convoluted tubule.

c. distal convoluted tubule.

d. glomerulus.

e. loop of Henle.

39 / 60

The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. dermis

b. lamina propria

c. epidermis

d. hypodermis

e. mucosa

40 / 60

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. Langerhans cell

b. myoepithelial cell

c. melanocyte

d. fibroblast

e. keratinocyte

41 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

b. The epidermis of the thin skin has four stratum

c. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

d. Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

e. The overall orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis will follow the 'lines of greatest tension'.

42 / 60

Which structures are present in “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. hair follicles.

b. sebaceous glands.

c. arrector pili.

d. sweat glands.

e. apocrine sweat glands.

43 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(2)

a. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

d. Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.

e. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone.

44 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

b. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

c. modified smooth muscle cells.

d. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

e. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

45 / 60

Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:

a. arcuate arteries.

b. interlobular arteries.

c. afferent arteries.

d. vasa recta.

e. interlobar arteries.

46 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

b. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule in a simple squamous epithelium.

c. The osmotic absorption of water by the proximal tubule cells reduces the volume of the primary urine by about 75%.

d. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

e. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicels of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

47 / 60

The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:

a. papillae

b. cortex

c. medulla

d. calyx

e. pelvis

48 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(1)

a. The principal function of the thin tubule of the nephron is the resorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

b. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

c. Podocytes form the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule.

d. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

e. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

49 / 60

The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:

a. lamina propria

b. hypodermis

c. epidermis

d. mucosa

e. dermis

50 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

b. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

c. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

d. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

e. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

51 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. medulla.

b. cortex

c. calyx.

d. papillae.

e. pelvis.

52 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

b. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

c. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

d. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

e. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

53 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(2)

a. Sensory stimulation of the nipple initiates the milk ejection reflex via the secretion of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.

b. The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

c. The vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

d. The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.

e. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

54 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

b. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

c. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

d. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

e. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

55 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. cortex

b. papilla

c. medulla

d. calyx

e. pelvis

56 / 60

Arrector pili muscle consist of:

a. glandular epithelium.

b. columnar epithelium.

c. squamous epithelium.

d. smooth muscle.

e. lymphocytes

57 / 60

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

b. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

c. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

d. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

e. collecting duct epithelium.

58 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the epidermis?

a. The stratum basale is secured to the basement membrane by zonula adherens.

b. The epidermis is defined as a stratified squamous epithelium.

c. There are six layers to the epidermis.

d. The main cell of the epidermis is the polyhedral cell.

e. The stratum basale consist of non-dividing keratinocytes.

59 / 60

Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:

a. columns of Bertin.

b. calyces

c. renal lobules.

d. medullary rays.

e. papillae

60 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The filtration slit membrane between the pedicles of podocytes is part of the glomerular filtration barrier.

b. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

c. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

d. The macula densa cells are found in the distal tubule faced to the vascular pole.

e. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.

Your score is

The average score is 71%

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