Histologie Test

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Histologie Test

1 / 60

What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

2 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?

a. . Spongy bone

b. . Compact bone

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Elastic cartilage

e. . Fibrocartilage

3 / 60

Which structure is transparent?

a. . Ora serrata

b. . Cornea

c. . Choroid

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Iris

4 / 60

What are the receptors for vision?

a. . Rods, Cones

b. . Rods

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Cones

5 / 60

What is responsible for adjusting the lens?

a. . Ciliary muscle

b. . Choroid

c. . Iris

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Sclera

6 / 60

Which one of the following is not found in the retina?

a. . Henle's layer

b. . Amacrine cells

c. . Rods

d. . Ganglion cells

e. . Bipolar cells

7 / 60

Where is the blind spot?

a. . Lamina vitrea

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Lamina cribrosa

d. . Optic disc

e. . Fovea centralis

8 / 60

Which cell is a type of neuron?

a. . Brush cells

b. . Olfactory cells

c. . Sustentacular cells

d. . Basal cells

9 / 60

How many layers of tissue compose the eyeball?

a. . 5

b. . 3

c. . 2

d. . 4

e. . 1

10 / 60

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?

a. . Hyaline cartilage, Elastic cartilage

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Fibrocartilage

d. . Hyaline cartilage

11 / 60

What type of epithelium is on the surface of the cornea?

a. . Simple columnar

b. . Simple cuboidal

c. . Simple squamous

d. . Transitional epithelium

e. . Stratified squamous

12 / 60

Which of the following is a type of neuron?

a. . Ganglion cells

b. . Pigmented epithelium

c. . Cones

d. . Supporting cells

e. . Rods

13 / 60

What is the space anterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber

b. . Vitreal cavity

c. . Posterior chamber

d. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

14 / 60

What is the region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Ciliary body

c. . Fovea centralis

d. . Lamina vitrea

e. . Optic disc

15 / 60

Which layer of the cornea is acellular?

a. . Endothelium

b. . Substantia propria

c. . Epithelium

d. . Bowman's membrane

16 / 60

What is the space posterior to the lens?

a. . Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber

b. . Anterior chamber

c. . Posterior chamber

d. . Vitreal cavity

17 / 60

What structure is shaped like a snail shell?

a. . Cochlea

b. . Semicircular canals

c. . Saccule

d. . Organ of Corti

e. . Utricle

18 / 60

Which is NOT part of the retina?

a. . Uvea

b. . Rods

c. . Ganglion cells

d. . Bipolar cells

e. . Cones

19 / 60

What is the region called where the optic nerve exits the eye?

a. . Lamina cribrosa

b. . Optic chiasm

c. . Optic disc

d. . Os

e. . Ora serrate

20 / 60

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. . Lymph

b. . Air

c. . Perilymph

d. . Blood

e. . Endolymph

21 / 60

What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange can occur?

a. . Terminal bronchiole

b. . Respiratory bronchiole

c. . Alveolar sac

d. . Alveoli

e. . Alveolar duct

22 / 60

Which cell is a squamous pulmonary epithelial cell?

a. . Dust cell

b. . Type I pneumocyte

c. . Brush cell

d. . Clara cell

e. . Type II pneumocyte

23 / 60

Which structure is part the uvea?

a. . Sclera

b. . Cornea

c. . Ciliary body

d. . Ora serrata

e. . Pigmented epithelium

24 / 60

Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway?

a. . Respiratory bronchioles

b. . Alveolar ducts

c. . Bronchi

d. . Alveolar sacs

e. . Alveoli

25 / 60

What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung?

a. . Simple cuboidal epithelium

b. . Simple squamous epithelium

c. . Pseudostratified epithelium

d. . Stratified squamous epithelium

e. . Simple columnar epithelium

26 / 60

Where is the organ of Corti?

a. . Utricle

b. . Cochlea

c. . Crista ampullaris

d. . Semicircular canals

e. . Saccule

27 / 60

What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

a. . Compact bone

b. . Elastic cartilage

c. . Hyaline cartilage

d. . Spongy bone

e. . Fibrocartilage

28 / 60

What is the anterior pigmented portion of the retina called?

a. . Iris

b. . Ora serrata

c. . Sclera

d. . Ciliary body

e. . Choroid

29 / 60

What type of tissue lines the paranasal sinuses?

a. . Transitional epithelium

b. . Simple columnar epithelium

c. . Simple squamous epithelium

d. . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells

e. . Stratified squamous epithelium

30 / 60

Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ of Corti?

a. . Outer phalangeal cells

b. . Hair cells

c. . Cells of Hensen

d. . Inner border cells

e. . Inner pillar cells

31 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The secretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

b. The papillary layer of the dermis contains fine collagen and elastic fibers and the capillary network which supplies the epidermis.

c. Merocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair together form a pilosebaceous unit.

d. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The synthesis of melanin by basal cells is under hormonal control.

32 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)

a. An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.

d. The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids.

e. Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.

33 / 60

Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called “thick skin” (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?

a. stratum corneum of epidermis

b. hypodermis

c. stratum basale of epidermis.

d. dermis

e. papillary dermis

34 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.

b. Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.

c. A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.

d. The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.

e. Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

35 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Progesterone and oestrogen are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

b. Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.

c. Prolactin and oxytocin are the main stimulants of milk secretion in the mammary gland.

d. The mammary glands are modified glands of the skin.

e. The basalis of the endometrium regenerates the functionalis after menstruation.

36 / 60

The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:

a. eccrine sweat glands.

b. mammary glands.

c. lymphatic glands.

d. sebaceous glands.

e. submucosal glands.

37 / 60

Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:

a. ureter.

b. Bowman's capsule.

c. proximal urethra.

d. renal pelvis.

e. bladder.

38 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement(7)

a. The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

b. The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.

c. Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.

d. The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.

e. The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.

39 / 60

The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:

a. fenestrated endothelium.

b. mesangial cells.

c. continuous endothelium.

d. podocytes foot processes.

e. juxtaglomerular cells.

40 / 60

In which layer of the epidermis are cells mitotically active?

a. stratum basale

b. stratum granulosum

c. stratum lucidum

d. thick skin

e. stratum corneum

41 / 60

Mesangial cells are:

a. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

b. simple squamous epithelial cells.

c. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

d. not epithelial cells.

e. simple columnar epithelial cells.

42 / 60

The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:

a. cortex

b. papilla

c. medulla

d. pelvis

e. calyx

43 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

b. Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.

c. The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

d. Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.

e. Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.

44 / 60

The region of the kidney containing distal convoluted tubules is called the:

a. pelvis

b. cortex

c. medulla

d. hilus

e. capsule

45 / 60

The basement membrane lies between:

a. epidermis and dermis.

b. stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

c. papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

d. stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

e. stratum basale and stratum spinosum.

46 / 60

Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?

a. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

b. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

c. collecting duct epithelium.

d. epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.

e. proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.

47 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)

a. Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.

b. The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.

c. There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.

d. Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.

e. Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

48 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.

b. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

c. The testes are surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea.

d. The outer part of the seminiferous epithelium is formed by 3-4 layers of smooth muscle.

e. By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.

49 / 60

The macula densa consists of:

a. densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium.

b. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.

c. extraglomerular mesangial cells.

d. modified smooth muscle cells.

e. closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.

50 / 60

Identify the CORRECT statement

a. The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.

b. Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.

c. The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.

d. The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.

e. The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.

51 / 60

Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?

a. Bowman's capsule epithelium.

b. distal convoluted tubule epithelium.

c. glomerular epithelium (podocytes).

d. collecting duct epithelium.

e. transitional epithelium.

52 / 60

Podocytes are:

a. simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

b. unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.

c. not epithelial cells.

d. simple columnar epithelial cells.

e. simple squamous epithelial cells.

53 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.

b. The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.

c. Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

d. The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.

e. The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

54 / 60

The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:

a. papillae.

b. calyx.

c. cortex

d. pelvis.

e. medulla.

55 / 60

Which cell type is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

a. keratinocyte

b. melanocyte

c. Langerhans cell

d. fibroblast

e. myoepithelial cell

56 / 60

Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?

a. juxtaglomerular cells.

b. epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.

c. podocytes.

d. epithelial cells of collecting duct.

e. mesangial cells.

57 / 60

Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:

a. medullary rays.

b. papillae

c. renal lobules.

d. columns of Bertin.

e. calyces

58 / 60

Which of the following is NOT an “epidermal appendage” (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?

a. secretory portion of sweat gland.

b. hair follicle.

c. arrector pili muscle.

d. duct of sweat gland.

e. sebaceous gland.

59 / 60

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the stratum spinosum?

a. Merkel cells are the outermost sentinels of the cellular immune system.

b. The cells of the stratum spinosum are flat without nuclei.

c. The stratum spinosum is formed from daughter cells of the basal layer.

d. Langerhans cells are found mostly in the stratum corneum.

e. The stratum spinosum sits between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.

60 / 60

Identify the INCORRECT statement

a. The epidermis of the thin skin has four stratum

b. The renewal of the human epidermis through the mitotic activity of basal cells takes 3-4 weeks.

c. Langerhans cells function in the immune system and can leave the epidermis after exposure to antigens.

d. The excretory ducts of sweat gland are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium.

e. The overall orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis will follow the 'lines of greatest tension'.

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