The general principle of vaccination was established by:

What is the minimum percentage of children which needs to be vaccinated successfully in order to achieve herd immunity to diphtheria:

Which of the following is a polysaccharide vaccine:

The immunoglobulins participated in complement system formation are:

The type of T-cells that destroy host cells bearing foreign antigen:

Vaccination is an example of?

The characteristic of antigen-antibody interactions occur in second stage:

The Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are divided into:

What is the mode of administration for PCV-13 vaccine?

An epitope is:

All are mechanism of action of complement but except:

An immunoglobulin is a:

All are Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) but except:

Adjuvant used in HPV vaccine is:

The main advantage of passive immunization over active immunization is that:

A vaccine that activates both cell- mediated and humoral immunity would most likely be :

Primary lymphoid organs include

The following statements are important mechanisms in which immunoglobulin molecules are essential included but except one?

All are 3 main effects of complement but except:

Which of the following immune cells/ molecules are most effective at destroying intracellular pathogens?

Which of the following statement is true

The bonds involved in antigen-antibody interactions are

The antigen-antibody interactions occur in:

Which of the following is not an ideal property of a vaccine?

The class I MHC molecule appeared to bind with receptor of:

In the vaccine response, INF gamma, TNF alpha and IL12 act on?

The immune cells that is linked between innate and adaptive immunity are:

Which of the following statements are true regarding polio vaccines:

Which of the following statement is true regarding vaccination:

The following statements are criteria for a good vaccine but which is incorrect statement?

The process of weakening a pathogen is called:

Antigen presenting cells for vaccine are:

Adjuvant used in HBV vaccine is:

In the immune response to a hapten–protein conjugate, in order to get anti-hapten antibodies, it is essential that:

Which antibody is the first to be released into the blood following an infection?

Serum which contains antibodies is called:

The complement system consists of about:

Small chemical groups on the antigen molecule that can react with antibody

What vaccine should not be frozen:

The purpose of clinical trial of a vaccine is:

The characteristic of antigen-antibody interactions occur in tertiary stage:

The technology used for the production of monoclonal antibodies is:

Hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by Rh blood group incompatibility requires maternal antibody to enter the fetal bloodstream. Therefore, the mediator of this disease is:

Which of the following is not the function of antibody?

Skin is the largest organ in the body and protects us by preventing pathogen entry. This is an example of?

To drive antigen for proliferating and differentiating into armed effector T cells, The activated T cells produce :

Tetanus toxoid is usually given to humans:

Immunogen is:

The effectiveness is:

An antigen is:

Mode of IPV vaccine administration is:

A patient presents with an increased number of lymphocytes in his peripheral blood. Which of the following is an appropriate technique to find out which type of lymphocytes these are?

Which of the following immune cells/molecules are most effective at destroying intracellular pathogens?

The following statements are the use of passive immunization included but except one?

Which of the following antibodies have a positive effect on babies through breast feeding?

Newborns get their antibodies from mother’s milk. This is an example of?

Which of the following is the site of T cell maturation?

All are factors influencing in immunogenicity but except:

A potential disadvantage of immunological protection using passive transfer of horse globulins is:

During the maturation of a B lymphocyte, the first immunoglobulin heavy chain synthesized is:

Injection of immunoglobulin is:

What is the immune cell in adaptive immunity?

Which of the following substances will not stimulate an immune response unless they are bound to a larger molecule?

In the application Antigen- Antibody reaction, which one is correct?

The following statements are related to hepatitis B and pregnancy which statement is incorrect?

The first recombinant antigen vaccine approved for human use is:

An epitope:

Several of the complement components are:

The class II MHC molecule appeared to bind with receptor of:

Graft and tumor rejection are mediated primarily by:

The complement system involved in chemotaxis are:

The classical pathway of complement activation is:

The complement system involved in phagocytic function are:

The complement system are synthesized by:

The class of immunoglobulin present in highest concentration in blood of a human newborn is

Often patients are immune to diseases like chicken pox once infecte. This immunity is an example of?

Infectious material from what illness was used to develop the first vaccine?

Successful immunization can be impaired by:

The classical pathway of complement activation is:

Name the cytokine produced by Th1 cells that are responsible for activating macrophages:

The efficacy is:

Which category of hypersensitivity best describes hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by Rh incompatibility?

Which of the following antibodies would most likely be found in body secretions such as tears, milk, saliva and mucus?

All are important characteristics of innate immunity but except:

HBV vaccine and HBIG are given at same time at two different injection sites within:

Which of the following antibody types forms a pentamer?

The Follicular Dendritic Cells (FDCs) is located in:

The complement system involved in the inflammation are:

The ideal storage conditions of adjuvanted vaccines in a refrigerator are between:

Which of the following immune mechanism is responsible for protecting us from diseases of other species?

The following statements are related to Rhesus D alloimmunization in pregnancy which statement is incorrect?

What vaccine should be avoided for the pregnant woman?

The immunoglobulins transport across epithelium:

The inability of very young children to respond to the measles vaccine due to the persistence of maternal antibody is similar in principle to and exploited in which of the following?

The role of the macrophage during an antibody response is to:

What is a live attenuated vaccine?

The antibody-binding site is formed primarily by:

For vaccination against mycobacterial diseases such as tuberculosis, the most important facet of the immune response to be stimulated is:

The class of immunoglobulin present in highest concentration in blood of a human newborn is:

In an immune response the type of cell which gets activated earliest is:

The first line of defense against invading pathogens:

In the vaccine response, interleukin (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) acts to?

All are immune cells in innate immune system but except:

In order to elicit an immune response, a carbohydrate must be which of the following?

In the application Antigen- Antibody reaction, which one is correct?

The cytotoxic T-cells is involved in:

All the given vaccines are attenuated or inactivated whole pathogen except:

To which one of the following groups would it be acceptable to give a live attenuated viral vaccine?

The herd immunity is:

All are the measure for post rabies exposure prophylaxis, but except one?

The immune cells that is linked between innate and adaptive immunity are:

The circulation of a two month old breast-fed baby will contain maternal:

What vaccine can be used for pregnant women?

All the following comes under non-specific defence mechanism except

Antigen-presenting cells that activate helper T cells must express which one of the following on their surfaces?

What is the mode of administration for anti-measles vaccine?

In the application Antigen- Antibody reaction, which one is correct?

A primary immune response in an adult human requires approximately how much time to produce detectable antibody levels in the blood?

The immunoglobulins transport across placenta mostly:

All are therapeutic applications of polyclonal antibodies but except one?

Natural humoral immune response against a pathogen leads to the production of:

What is the mode of administration for BCG vaccine?

The characteristic of antigen-antibody interactions occur in primary stage:

All are examples of names of monoclonal antibodies but except one?

The impact is:

In the application Antigen- Antibody reaction, which one is not correct?

All are functions of immunoglobulins but except:

The adverse effects of vaccines are linked to:

Injection of anti-venom to a patient for snake bite is example of?

The naive T cells are: