Oral Biology Test

Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: EGF, Epithermal growth factor?

Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: TGF-b, Transforming growth factor b.?

Stem cell hierarchy from top to bottom?

The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product such as a protein?

Growth factors and their receptors can be grouped into ‘families,’ based upon shared features of size and location, and into ‘superfamilies,’ based upon shared their functions.?

In our blood, there is a small amount of stem cells which are ready to be differentiate to any cell type under the control of growth factors.?

The first differentiation event in humans occurs at approximately —— days of development, when an outer layer of cells committed to becoming part of the placenta (the trophectoderm) separates from the inner cell mass (ICM). ?

Growth factors and their receptors can be grouped into ‘superfamilies,’ based upon shared features of ?

Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time that implantation would normally occur in?

Who are/ is the pioneer of generating iPSc?

Four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) sometimes is called Yamanaka’s factors.?

What is the biggest conflict of using embryonic stem cells?

Retroviruses used to deliver the four transcription factors in the earliest studies is safe to generating iPSCs.?

If the ICM, inner cell mass, is removed from its normal embryonic environment and cultured under appropriate conditions, the ICM-derived cells can ——————————————- indefinitely and still maintain the developmental potential to form any cell type of the body?

What is the outcome of regeneration?

Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time that implantation would normally occur in the uterus. Normally, it takes about 10 days.?

All four factors are absolutely necessary. In particular, the gene c-Myc is known to promote tumor growth in some cases, which would not affect iPSC usefulness in transplantation therapies. ?

Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: PDGF, Platelet derived growth factor?

Work flow of generating iPSc?

Mesenchymal stem cells are multi-potent stem cells which is able to differentiate to adult cell like?

Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: FGF, fibroblast growth factor.?

Cre-Lox recombination is a site-specific recombinase technology, used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites?

What is the outcome of repair?

Transcription factor is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from messenger RNA to DNA, by binding to a specific ribosomes.?

Caries associated with pre-eruptive enamel hypoplasia:

Initiation of caries by Streptococcus mutans is by the production of the:

Chewing sequence could be divided into:

The mesenchymal cells lying adjacent to the inner enamel epithelium:

The little bumps can see on someone’s tongue are:

The tooth in permanent dentition is the most susceptible to dental caries is:

Actual eruptive movements of tooth occur mainly in a:

Passive eruption is:

Component of mastication are:

The embryological origin of the hyoid bone is:

Dental lamina is formed when:

One of the following is true about ankylosis:

Concerning the tongue:

The bud stage of tooth development occurs at:

The occipital somite’s myotomes give rise to:

The following organisms is found in deep carious lesions rather than in incipient lesions is:

Concrescence is:

Odontogenesis of the primary dentition begins between:

One of the following occurs during the pre-eruptive phase of a tooth:

Advanced bell stage of tooth development refers to:

Primordium for the permanent dentition appears as an extension of dental lamina into the ectomesenchym at:

Four basic qualities:

The bell stage occurs between the:

One of the following is important for the development of teeth is:

Streptococcus mutans is considered to be a principal etiologic agent of caries because it produces acid and it:

The cranial nerve supplies to muscles of mastication is:

Median rhomboid glossitis is:

The following Which contain blood vessels is:

The development of the root begins when:

Formation of the nose includes:

Senile carious lesions are most commonly found exclusively on the following areas of the teeth:

Bacteria responsible for initiation of caries is:

During tooth eruption, the permanent successors of the primary teeth move occlusal and:

The secretions of salivary glands are:

One of the following causes the discolorations of teeth is:

First branchial arch is supplied by: