Infection Control Preparation (Pr. Sok Srun)

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1 / 105

Which levels of BSL does the lab technician need to pay attention for airborne transmission?:

a. BSL4

b. BSL3 and BSL4

c. All of the above

d. BSL2

e. BSL3

2 / 105

Choose the incorrect way of decreasing risk of Surgical Site Infection (SSI).:

a. Surgical staffs should perform the equal hand hygiene procedure as they do outside OR

b. None of the above

c. Operation Room should be cleaned at least twice a day

d. Proper post-operation follow-up is crucial to avoid Nosocomial Infection

e. Pre-operative disinfection/sterilization should be performed for both patient and equipment

3 / 105

Arrange the incident management procedure in right order.:
1.Report to the IPC team and/or to chief of the department for further management 2.Stop the task
3.Report immediately to OHS doctor or nurse. If urgent, call emergency number

4.Follow the post-exposure procedure and perform Post-exposure Prophylaxis(PEP) as needed

5.Monitor and follow up

6.Quickly assess the risk

a. 2-3-1-6-4-5

b. 2-4-5-6-3-1

c. 3-1-2-6-4-5

d. 2-6-3-4-1-5

e. 2-3-6-4-1-5

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Choose the correct for vaccination at community to apply an injection safety and to prevent the needle stick injury.:

a. Doctor is wearing a mask, but not the gloves when injecting

b. Nurse close the cap of the needle after the injection procedure

c. None of the above

d. Needles are thrown away in the trash can without lid

e. Safety box or sharp box container and AD syringes.

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Choose the correct statement:

a. None of the above

b. Patients have no role to play in hospital IPC program.

c. Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) program should be a continuous effort of all healthcare facility staffs.

d. Ministry of Health let every healthcare facility to freely choose whether or not to implement Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) program.

e. In Cambodia, Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) is not considered as a significant problem

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Choose the correct IPC behavior of surgical staffs.:

a. Entrance to the room should be strictly limited to necessary personnel only

b. When temperature is too hot, it is ok to let the window open

c. For prolonged surgery, it is ok to eat in the OR

d. They can bring mobile phone as long as they don’t use it

e. If doctor drop the mass on his knee in a sitting position, it is ok to pick it up and use it

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Choose all correct statements about Biological Hazard at HCF.:
1.All staffs, including cleaning staff and cafeteria staff, should be trained to standard precautions to avoid biological hazard exposure.
2.Disposable items should be re-used after sterilization.
3.All staffs, including cleaning staff and cafeteria staff, should go through health check-up before employment.
4.Exposure to biological hazard should be reported immediately.
5.One of the most common route of exposure is through needle stick/sharp injury
6.When passing sharp equipment, hand-to-hand transfer is the best way

a. 2, 4, 5

b. 1, 4, 5

c. 1, 3, 4, 5

d. 1, 4, 5, 6

e. 1, 3, 4

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Choose the correct description about Isolation Unit.:

a. Every waste produced from isolation unit can be disposed in one trash can.

b. Staff wearing PPE can enter the isolation unit without further procedure

c. None of the above

d. Patients can share the isolation unit if their symptom is same.

e. Patients can share the isolation unit regardless of their symptom.

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What type of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used or additional precaution for HCWs contact with patient’s body fluid:

a. Gown

b. Eyes protection

c. Surgical mask

d. Disposable Gloves only

e. Apron

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10)

What is the correct example of handling urinary catheter?:

a. Using urinary catheter for patients with flexible mobility

b. Wearing gloves when connecting the catheter to patients

c. Provide prophylactic antibiotics to all patients with urinary catheter

d. Staying with the catheter as long as possible to make sure patients can rest in bed without moving too much

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11)

What describes the right prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia?:

1.Perform hand hygiene procedure
2.Elevation of bed heat to 80~90° so that patient can sit up straight 3.Regular change of humidifier

4.Post-operation patient try to move as much as possible when not recommended 5.Disinfection of respiratory equipment

a. 1, 2, 3, 5

b. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

c. 1, 3, 5

d. 3, 5

e. 1, 5

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12) អ្នកជំងឺម្នាក់រាគខ្វះជាតិទឹក ត្រូវការចាក់សេរ៉ូម ១០០០ម.ល ពេលអស់សេរ៉ូម យើងត្រូវបោះចោលវា បើយើងដកម្ជុល និងខ្សែបន្ដោងវាចេញ ពីប្លោកសេរ៉ូម តើម្ជុល និងទ្រូសជាសំណល់អ្វី?

a. សំណល់គីមី

b. សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ

c. សំណល់ទូទៅ

d. សំណល់វត្ថុមុតស្រួច

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13)

Choose the correct statement about standard precautions.:

a. Risk assessment should be performed only for susceptible host.

b. To clean hand and selected PPE to use

c. IPC standard precautions HCWs should be applied for selected patients not to all.

d. Standard precaution is not necessary for outpatient consultation.

e. IPC standard precautions HCWs should be applied for all patients at all time

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14)

Choose the correct statement.:

a. Fungi infection can be easily treated by antimicrobiotics

b. Any virus, once entered human body, causes immediate symptoms

c. Normal flora does not cause any nosocomial infection in any case.

d. None of the above

e. Any bacteria, once entered human body, is pathogenic.

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15)

Choose the correct statement bacteria to comment skin infection and also prothesis infection:

a. Bacteria Gram (+) Streptococcus

b. Bacteria Gram (+) Staphylococcus

c. Bacteria Gram (+) Enterococcus

d. Bacteria Gram (-) E-coli

e. Bacteria Gram (-) Pseudomonas

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16)

Choose the correct example of exposure to chemical hazard.

a. All of the above

b. Doctor wearing latex gloves developed minor skin irritation

c. Nurse who worked in the hospital for 10 years developed Asthma

d. Cleaning staff accidentally spilled the bottle of glutheraldehyde

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17)

Choose the incorrect statement about Chemical Hazard at HCF.:

a. All staffs should wear proper Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)

b. Minor skin irritation doesn’t have to be reported

c. None of the above

d. Clear labeling, formal training and available emergency procedure is important

e. Main route of exposure is through skin absorption

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18)

Choose the correct description about triage zone.:

a. Staffs need to wear a gown and gloves, but not mask.

b. It is better to be close to ICU so that severe patients can be rapidly transferred

c. Only highly infectious patients should go through triage zone.

d. Patients may be required to wear PPE depending on their symptom

e. The distance between patient and the staff has to be minimum 2 meters away

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19)

Choose the correct description of IPC precautions in Emergency Room (ER).:

a. To avoid humidity, ER room should not be installed with water sink

b. Staffs should change the PPE every hour to avoid Nosocomial Infection

c. Separate triage area should be installed with hand hygiene equipment

d. The distance between each patient should be at least 1.5 meter

e. When the ER gets too crowded with patients, it is ok for patients with mild symptom to share the bed.

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20)

Why are the patients in ICU and Neo-Natal unit at higher risk to develop nosocomial infection?

a. They usually need supportive apparatus: e.g. mechanical ventilation

b. They are severely ill and/or immune-compromised

c. All of the above

d. They usually need invasive devices: e.g. endotracheal tube, IV line, feeding tube, etc,.

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21)

Choose the correct statement.:

a. It is more effective to control Reservoir than to control portal of exit.

b. Holistic IPC program is needed to effectively control the chain of infection.

c. None of the above.

d. Chain of infection can be usually controlled well by tackling 1 of the 6 elements.

e. Chain of infection only exists in the hospital setting.

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22)

What is the potential risk factor of Surgical Site Infection(SSI)?:

a. Antibiotic prophylaxis

b. all of the above

c. Patient’s pre-disposed symptoms

d. Long duration of the operation

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23) អ្នកជំងឺម្នាក់រាគខ្វះជាតិទឹក ត្រូវការចាក់សេរ៉ូម ១០០០ម.ល ពេលអស់សេរ៉ូម យើងត្រូវបោះវាចោល បើយើងដកម្ជុល និងខ្សែបន្ដោងវាចេញពី ប្លោកតើប្លោកសេរ៉ូមទទេរជាសំណល់អ្វី?

a. សំណល់ឱសថ

b. សំណល់ សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ និង សំណល់ឱសថ

c. សំណល់ទូទៅ

d. សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ

e. សំណល់គីមី

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24)

Choose the correct statement bacteria gram (-) to common infection as urinary tract infection:

a. Klebsiella pneumoniae

b. Pseudomonas

c. Staphylococcus

d. Anaerobia

e. Escherichia coli (E-coli)

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25)

Choose the incorrect description about transfer procedure of infectious patient.:

a. Driver does not have to wear any PPE when driver seat is separated from the patient’s seat with the glass wall.

b. Clean and disinfect the car after the transfer is finished.

c. Choose the shortest route as possible.

d. Both patients and staff needs to wear surgical mask, gown, gloves and other necessary PPEs.

e. If possible, use ambulance rather than ordinary vehicle.

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26)

What is the entry germs or micro-organism to “Susceptible host” are?:

a. Patients who have been with chronic diseases

b. People who have a low resistance against pathogen included pregnant women

c. Patients who gets stress with TB and AIDS more easily than others

d. Children under age 5

e. People who have a multiple history of infection to microorganisms, especially elderly people

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27)

Choose the patient that would require to be accommodated in an Isolation Room.

a. Patient who came with a hemorrhagic fever

b. Children with high fever (38 °C) coughing and shortness of breath without confirmed diagnosis

c. all of the above

d. Children with high fever (38 °C) coughing and shortness of breath without confirmed diagnosis and Patient who came with a hemorrhagic fever

e. Unconscious patient from traffic accident

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28)

Arrange the provided steps to enter Isolation Unit in a correct order.: 1.Person should write their name in the General Access Area.
2.Person should change to appropriate PPE in the changing room. 3.Person must go through training before entering the Isolation Unit. 4.Before leaving, PPE should be slowly taken out in the changing room. 5.Person should perform the hand hygiene procedure.

a. 5-2-1-3-4

b. 3-1-5-2-4

c. 1-2-3-4-5

d. 3-2-5-1-4

e. 2-4-1-3-5

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29)

Choose the correct statement for hand hygiene with soap and water and alcohol apply to:

a. All people who provided health care services, included patients and patient's family.

b. All cleaners and nurses by washing your hands with soap and water.

c. The doctors and nurses, but not for cleaning staffs.

d. Patient and patient's member included visitor

e. Technical laboratory, pharmacist and people concern by washing your hands with soap & water.

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30) សំណល់សរីរាង្គកាយសំដៅលើ៖

a. សំណល់ប្រភេទ សំណល់សុក ទារកស្លាប់ ជាលិកា ទឹករងៃ និង ឈាម និង សំណល់កំណាត់អវៈយវៈ

b. សំណល់កំណាត់អវៈយវៈ

c. សំណល់សុក ទារកស្លាប់ និង ឈាម

d. សំណល់សុក ទារកស្លាប់ ជាលិកា ទឹករងៃ និង ឈាម

e. សំណល់សុក ទារកស្លាប់

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31)

Which is NOT part of the most high risk areas of nosocomial infection in Healthcare Facility (HCF)?:

a. Neo-natal unit

b. Operating room

c. Laboratory

d. Emergency room

e. Outpatient consultation room

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32) ការប្រុងប្រយ័ត្នជាស្ដង់ដារ មុននឹងលាងរបួសអ្នកជំងឺម្នាក់ ត្រូវលាងដៃ ទើបពាក់ស្រោមដៃ និងប្រតិបត្តិ ចប់បេសសកម្មយើងត្រូវដោះស្រោមដៃវិញ តើស្រោមដៃជាសំណល់អ្វី?

a. សំណល់សំលាប់មេរោគហើយ អាចប្រើឡើងវិញបាន

b. សំណល់ទូទៅ

c. សំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រ

d. សំណល់សរីរាង្គកាយ

e. សំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រ ប្រភេទឆ្លងរោគ

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33)

What is the objective of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) program in the hospital?:

a. All of the above

b. To prescribe more antibiotics to patients to earn more money

c. To ensure safety of the patients, but not the doctors and nurses

d. To attract more patients with the cleaner look of the hospital

e. To reduce the risk and incidence of Nosocomial Infection

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34)

What is not relevant to HCF environment?:

a. Building design and construction

b. Ventilation

c. Safe commuting route

d. Food safety

e. Safe water

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35)

Choose the common site of Nosocomial Infection.:

a. All of the above

b. a and c

c. Surgical Site Infection (SSI)

d. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

e. Catheter-Associated Blood Stream Infection (CABSI)

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36)

Choose the correct linkage of microorganism and its examples:

a. Fungi – Streptococcus

b. Virus – Hepatitis B

c. Parasite – Escheria coli

d. All of the above

e. Bacteria – Plasmodium falciparum

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37)

What is Nosocomial Infection (NI)?:

a. All of the above

b. NI is a part of HAI (Healthcare Associated Infection)

c. NI includes the infections that were acquired outside the hospital, but appeared after the admission

d. NI is defined as infections acquired within 24 hours after hospital admission

e. NI is only applicable for infections acquired by patients

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38)

Why is it important to manage an infectious disease in the healthcare facility?:

a. It can detect the early emergence/re-emergence of pathogens.

b. It is important to protect the health of healthcare facility staffs.

c. All of the above.

d. When managed poor, it could be a great public health concern.

e. Managing the early case can help prevent the outbreak in the community

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39)

What disease can be prevented by performing good respiratory hygiene?:

a. Tuberculosis

b. Hepatitis C

c. HIV

d. All of the above

e. Hepatitis B

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40)

What should be included in the scope of Occupational Health and Safety(OHS)?:

a. All of the above

b. Social well-being

c. Physical health

d. Mental health

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41)

infection prevention and control (IPC) measures can break the chain of infection by:

a. Remove the reservoir of micro-organism and block the mode of transmission

b. All of the above excepted

c. Remove the reservoir of micro-organism

d. Remove all risky micro-organisms

e. Block the mode of transmission

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42)

Choose the incorrect statement regarding laboratory biosafety.:

a. All laboratory technicians should be aware what biosafety level their working environment is

b. All laboratory technicians should be trained to keep themselves safe from hazards

c. All biosafety level requires staffs to wear Personal Protection Equipment

d. Level of biosafety can be defined differently per each country

e. Lab technicians are required to have pre-employment health check-up and vaccination

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43)

Choose the correct prevention practice against SSI.:

a. All of the above

b. Always remove hair on the surgical site before the operation

c. Perform a surgical scrub with antiseptic product immediately before the operation

d. Always administer prophylactic antimicrobial agent

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44)

To select the correct answer one below, the six components of the chain of infection are:

a. Virus, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, Parasite, Microorganism

b. Bacteria, reservoir, mode of transmission, place of entry, host, and environment.

c. Reservoir, fungus, mode of transmission, place of entry, host, and environment.

d. Micro-organism, Reservoir, Place of exit, mode of transmission, place of entry and host

e. Micro-organism, reservoir, pathogen virulence, mode of transmission, place of entry and host.

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45)

Choose the correct example of performing respiratory hygiene.:

a. Visitor who came to see the flu patient, not wearing any mask

b. None of the above

c. Patient using a box of tissue while coughing and sneezing

d. All of the above

e. Doctor shaking hands with all the patients to be friendly

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46)

What type of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used or additional precaution for physician to examination the patient with a fever include cough and sneeze?:

a. Surgical mask

b. Gown

c. Disposable Gloves

d. Eyes protection

e. Surgical mask and disposable glove

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47) How can we avoid/combat AMR?:

a. Use routine prophylactic antibiotics before operation

b. Prescribe antibiotics whenever possible to avoid infection

c. All of the above

d. Recommend patients to discontinue taking antibiotics immediately when symptoms disappear

e. Revise the antibiotic guidelines and protocols whenever the new AMR is detected

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48)

Choose the correct statement for safe handling of equipment and soiled linen.:

a. Thermometer can be shared between patients if it is wiped with wet tissue.

b. All used patient gowns, bed sheets and towels should be cleaned and disinfected any material reused it again.

c. All of the above

d. Safe handling of equipment soak, clean, dry, packaging, sterilization and storage to reuse

e. It is ok not to change the bed linen in between patients if the previous one didn’t bleed.

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49)

What describes the incorrect way to prevent CABSI?:

a. Protect the insertion site with a sterile dressing

b. Remove the catheter as early as possible

c. Do not perform CABSI when alternative oral feeding method is possible

d. None of the above

e. Plug needle directly into infusion bottle to avoid using unnecessary equipment

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50)

Who should perform respiratory hygiene?:

a. Visitor who is sneezing

b. Doctors when dealing with coughing patients

c. Patient who is diagnosed with flu

d. All of the above

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51) ការបែងចែកសំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រជាប្រាំបួនប្រភេទផ្សេងគ្នាពីព្រោះ៖

a. សំណល់ទាំងនោះចែកតាមអង្កការសុខភាពពិភពលោក

b. សំណល់ទាំងនោះចែកតាមអង្កការសុខភាពពិភពលោក ប្រភេទពណ៌ ថង់និងធុង

c. សំណល់ទាំងអឹស់នោះ ប្រព្រឹត្តកម្មវាខុសៗគ្នា

d. សំណល់វាងាយស្រួលធ្វើការវេចខ្ចប់ និងដឹកជញ្ជូន ឬគ្រប់គ្រង

e. សំណល់វាងាយស្រួលធ្វើការវេចខ្ចប់ និងដឹកជញ្ជូន

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52)

Choose the correct description of OR environment.:

a. All of the above

b. Thirty air changes per hour (30ACH) is maintained

c. All equipment after operation should be cleaned in the OR

d. Temperature should be controlled between 20~25 ̊C

e. Air flows from OR to outside

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53) សំណល់ទូទៅ : ដូចម្ដេចទៅជាសំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រ:

a. សំណល់មានចំនួនប្រាំបួនប្រភេទផ្សេងៗគ្នា

b. សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ សរីរាង្គកាយ មុតស្រួច

c. សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ សរីរាង្គកាយ មុតស្រួច សំណល់ឱសថ និងវិទ្យុសកម្ម

d. សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ សរីរាង្គកាយ មុតស្រួច និងសំណល់ឱសថ

e. សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគមួយប្រភេទ

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54) សំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រ៖ តើសំណល់គីមី និងសំណល់ឱសថមានលក្ខណដូចម្ដេច?

a. សំណល់មានលក្ខណៈរឹង រាវ និងឧស្ម័នដូចគ្នា

b. សំណល់ខុសគ្នាតាមរូបមន្ដគីមី

c. សំណល់មានលក្ខណៈដូចតែគ្នា

d. សំណល់គីមី (រឹង រាវ ឧស្ម័ន) ខុសពីសំណល់ឱសថ មានសមាសភាពណាមួយ ក្នុងចំណោមសមាសភាពពុល កាត់សុី ផ្ទុះ និងប្រតិកម្ម

e. សំណល់មានលក្ខណៈរឹង រាវ និងឧស្ម័នដូចគ្នា តែប្រតិកម្មវាខុសគ្នា

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55)

Choose the correct statement about HCF environment.:

a. It is important to accurately quantify the impact of HCF environment to Nosocomial Infection

b. Having a safe environment is crucial for the safety of patients, staffs and visitors

c. Environmental cause is easily separable from other causes of Nosocomial Infection

d. All of the above

56 / 105

56) សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ សំដៅលើ៖

a. សំណល់ក្រុមមេរោគ វត្ថុមុតស្រួច ឈាម ទឹកនោម ឬស្បៃប្រឡាក់ឈាម

b. សំណល់ក្រុមមេរោគ និង សឺរាំងម្ជុលដែលប្រើរួច

c. សំណល់ក្រុមមេរោគ (បាក់តេរី ប៉ារ៉ាសុីត វីរុស និង ផ្សិត)

d. សំណល់ពពួកក្រុមមេរោគ សំឡីប្រឡាក់ឈាម ខ្ទុះ ស្បៃរុំរបួស វត្ថុមុតស្រួច រួមទាំងសឺរុំាងម្ជុលប្រើរួច

e. សំណល់ក្រុមមេរោគ និងវត្ថុមុតស្រួច

57 / 105

57)

How can the germ or pathogen have contaminated to human in healthcare facilities (HCFs) from?:

a. Patients to patients

b. Patients to environment and crossed environment to patient and HCWs

c. Patient to visitors and HCWs

d. People who has contacted, included soil material and environment

e. Patients to health care workers (HCWs) and HCWs to patients

58 / 105

58)

Who is responsible to execute Infection Prevention and Control practices?:

a. All of the above

b. Visitors of the patients

c. Doctors who performs major intrusive surgery

d. Cleaning staffs of the hospital

59 / 105

59) មូលដ្ឋានថែទាំសុខភាពអាចផលិត សំណល់ពីសេវាថែទាំសុខភាព៖

a. សំណល់ទូទៅ និង សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ រួមទាំងសំណល់ឱសថ និង សំណល់វិទ្យុសកម្ម

b. សំណល់ទូទៅ និង សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ

c. សំណល់ទូទៅ និង សំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រ

d. សំណល់ទូទៅ និង សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ រួមទាំងសំណល់ឱសថ

e. សំណល់ទូទៅ និង សំណល់ឆ្លងរោគ រួមទាំងសំណល់ឱសថ និង សំណល់មុតស្រួច

60 / 105

60)

Choose the correct example of HCF ventilation.:

a. Window is open and mosquito net is installed in the patient room

b. None of the above

c. Window is blocked with TV screen in the patient room

d. b and c

e. Isolation room has a ceiling fan to make air circulate to outside

61 / 105

61)

Why do patient need to keep respiratory hygiene, when he/she has coughed or sneezed?:

a. To prevent the nurses to contact patient

b. To prevent spreading the air-borne disease

c. To prevent spreading the droplet-borne disease

d. To prevent the contamination of pathogens to other people

e. To prevent the close contact people

62 / 105

62)

Choose the incorrect statement about Pressure Ulcer:

a. It can be avoided by regularly washing the patient at least twice a day

b. It can be avoided by regularly mobilizing the patient

c. It can spread further infection to the deeper skin layer

d. It is caused by the constant pressure applied to skin exposed to source of infection

e. None of the above

63 / 105

63) សំណល់ទូទៅ : ដូចម្ដេចទៅជាសំណល់ទូទៅ:

a. សំណល់ទូទៅជាសំណល់ទទួលខុសត្រូវរបស់អាជ្ញាធរមូលដ្ឋាន

b. សំណល់ទូទៅជាសំណល់ផ្ទះបាយ និងសំណល់ទីផ្សារ

c. សំណល់ទូទៅ: មិនពុល គ្មានគ្រោះថ្នាក់ មិនបង្កការចម្លងរោគ

d. សំណល់ទូទៅមានច្រើនប្រភេទ

e. សំណល់ទូទៅជាសំណល់ដែលមានសភាព រឹង រាវ ពាក់កណ្ដាលរឹង

64 / 105

64) បន្ទាប់ពីគិលានុដ្ឋាកខាងលើបានចាក់សាច់ដុំឲ្យអ្នកជំងឺរួច ដកម្ជុលដាក់ក្នុងប្រអប់សុវត្ថិភាព រួចគាត់យកសឺរុំាងទទេគ្មានប្រឡាក់ឈាមដាក់ក្នុងធុងសំណល់៖

a. សំណល់ឱសថ

b. សំណល់គ្រោះថ្នាក់

c. សំណល់ទូទៅ

d. សំណល់មុតស្រួច

e. សំណល់គីមី

65 / 105

65)

Choose incorrect example of respiratory hygiene practice.:

a. Covering nose when coughing

b. Wiping nose with hand when sneezing

c. Throwing away the used tissue to the trash bin

d. Washing hands regularly

66 / 105

66)

What is the most common pathogen of nosocomial infection in HCFs? :

a. Bacteria

b. Fungi

c. Mix bacteria and virus

d. Virus

e. Parasites

67 / 105

67)

Choose the correct IPC standard precautions to apply:

a. Hand hygiene, safe handling of medical equipment, environmental cleaning and hospital cleaning or hygiene.

b. Hand hygiene, safe handling of equipment, environment cleaning, health care waste management,

c. hand hygiene, PPE selected, safe handling of equipment, environmental cleaning, prevention needle stick injury, health care waste management and coughing etiquette

d. There are five componence hand hygiene, PPE, safe handling of equipment, environmental cleaning and health care waste management.

e. Hand hygiene and to select PPE to use

68 / 105

68)

What is the lesson learnt from global outbreaks of ZIKA, Ebola and MERS?:

a. People should not travel to dangerous countries

b. Infectious disease is unavoidable.

c. All of the above

d. It’s impossible to stop the transmission of infectious disease without vaccine.

e. Timely and adequate application of IPC, especially in the healthcare facility, is critical

69 / 105

69)

Q14. Choose the correct statement bacteria to comment infection gangrene:

a. Bacteria Gram (+) Streptococcus

b. Bacteria Gram (-)Anaerobia

c. Bacteria Gram (+)Staphylococcus

d. Bacteria Gram (+)Enterococcus

e. Bacteria Gram (-) Pseudomonas

70 / 105

70)

What is definition of pathogens?:

a. Microorganisms that damage the human host by direct invasion or by toxic products

b. Any agent, including chemicals, microorganisms and heavy metals that damage the human host.

c. None of the above

d. Microorganisms that produces toxic chemicals

e. Toxic chemicals

71 / 105

71)

In the example of Dr. Semmelweis in the Obstetric Clinic in General Hospital of Vienna, maternal and child mortality rate was higher in one division than the ones in the other. Higher mortality was observed in the division where medical students often performed biopsy before delivery. The other division, on the contrary, was managed solely by midwives. What do you think could be the most likely source of different mortality rate?:

a. Poor hand hygiene of practicing doctors

b. Midwives have better skills to assist delivery to avoid unnecessary infection

c. All of the above

d. Level of hygiene in the delivery room was lower than the other division.

e. Medical students might have used equipment that are not perfectly disinfected

72 / 105

72)

If you were Dr. Semmelweis, what would you have implemented to solve this mortality disparity?:

a. All of the above

b. Close down the division where higher mortality occurred

c. Enhance the hygiene control for all staffs, facilities and equipment

d. Accept only healthy mothers to the Maternal clinic

e. Stop accommodating medical students for the practice

73 / 105

73)

Who could be the “Susceptible host” of micro-organism?:

a. Pregnant women, children < 5 Years and elderly people

b. People who are working in healthcare facilities

c. Pregnant women and children under 5 years of age

d. Nurses and physicians who performs regular injection task and examination people

e. Elderly people with chronic diseases

74 / 105

74)

Choose the correct linkage of microorganism and its description.:

a. Bacteria – reproduces by replication and cellular fusion

b. Parasites – lives inside the cell

c. Fungi – has no nucleus

d. Virus – multicellular organism

75 / 105

75)

Choose the correct example of clean healthcare facility environment.:

a. One trash can is shared by all patients in the ward

b. Cleaning staff cleans the floor with the broom only

c. None of the above

d. Water sink in the shared bathroom is broke

e. Cleaning staff cleans the operation room at least twice a day

76 / 105

76)

What is the correct statement about food safety at HCF?:

a. It’s not a big problem to store raw fruit and cooked food together

b. None of the above

c. If visitor brings food from outside, it’s better to share the food with others

d. If the risk of going wrong is small, it’s ok to keep the food outside the refrigerator

e. All food for patients must be prepared by authorized hospital kitchen

77 / 105

77)

Choose the right element of HCF OHS policy/IPC program.:

a. All of the above

b. Vaccination for staffs

c. Treatment for infectious diseases (HIV, HepB, etc)

d. Regular medical check-up for staffs

e. Post-exposure emergency leaves

78 / 105

78)

Choose the correct practice of IPC precautions in ICU and Neo-natal unit:

a. Upon patient discharge, all personal equipment should be discarded

b. Incubator should be changed every week

c. Children is not recommended to visit ICU

d. One alcoholic hand rub (AHR) is needed per one room

e. Completely prohibit the visitors from outside

79 / 105

79)

Choose the correct statement about additional precautions.:

a. When necessary, HCWs staff must change from standard precaution to additional precautions.

b. Additional precaution is not necessary for general outpatient consultation.

c. None of the above

d. Needs of additional precaution dependent on pathogen’s mode of transmission.

e. To use additional precaution is better than standard precaution

80 / 105

80)

What would you NOT need to consider when designing/constructing HCF with Infection Prevention and Control in mind?:

a. Materials used for floor, type of furnitures

b. All of them are important

c. Distance between each patient bed

d. Route of the laundries being transported in the building

e. Numbers and types of rooms

81 / 105

81)

Choose the appropriate behavior for staff working with infectious patients.:

a. Staffs scratch their face with the protection glove on in the triage zone

b. Staffs move between triage zone and isolation unit wearing the same PPE

c. Staff still comes to work when having a mild fever

d. Staffs move in between general access area and isolation room wearing the same PPE

e. Staffs call the patient in the isolation room instead of going in

82 / 105

82)

Choose the incorrect statement about Occupational Health and Safety (OHS).:

a. It includes the promotion and maintenance of all aspects of health

b. It is the specific terminology that is applied to healthcare facility staffs only

c. It includes the prevention of illness, accident and injury from the work

d. Healthcare Facility staffs are responsible for their own OHS

e. Healthcare management staffs are responsible for their employees’ OHS

83 / 105

83)

What type of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used or additional precaution for physician to examination the TB patient with a fever include cough and sneeze?:

a. Disposable glove and N 95 mask

b. Disposable Gloves

c. Surgical mask

d. Eyes protection

e. Gown and apron

84 / 105

84)

Choose the incorrect statement about Occupational Incident Management at HCF.:

a. Exposed staff should assess the risk before reporting to the right contact

b. HCF should have a OHS policy and OHS team who is in charge of the incident management

c. If there is no immediate threat or symptom, staff should try to continue working as much as possible for patients.

d. Incident management procedure has to be strictly followed

e. None of the above

85 / 105

85)

Choose that correct Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) HCWs use to taking blood sample from coughing patient.:

a. Disposable glove and surgical mask

b. Surgical mask

c. Gloves

d. Gown

e. Mask

86 / 105

86)

Who is exposed to the risk factor of Nosocomial Pneumonia?:

a. Patient who is aided with mechanical ventilation

b. Post-operation patient who stays in bed without mobility

c. Patient in the same ward as pneumonia patient

d. All of the above

87 / 105

87)

Choose the most correct implementation of triage zone.:

a. Triage zone is set up without any staff

b. None of the above.

c. Triage zone is set up in the separate building from other facilities.

d. Triage zone is set up but in one corner of the health center room

e. Triage zone is set up in the hospital, before the entrance to any other facilities.

88 / 105

88)

What are the common hazards in HCF?:

a. Exposure to heavy stress

b. All of the above

c. Exposure to physical hazards (noise, heavy lifting, etc)

d. Exposure to infectious diseases

e. Exposure to toxic chemicals

89 / 105

89) គិលានុដ្ឋាកម្នាក់បានរៀបចំចាក់ថ្នាំអង់ទីប៊ីយោទិកដល់អ្នកជំងឺម្នាក់ បន្ទាប់ពីបូមថ្នាំពីដបអស់នៅតែ សំបកដបថ្នាំទទេគ្មានទឹកថ្នាំ តើសំបកដបនេះ ជាប្រភេទសំណល់អ្វី?

a. សំណល់គ្រោះថ្នាក់

b. សំណល់ឱសថ

c. សំណល់វេជ្ជសាស្ដ្រ

d. សំណល់ទូទៅ

e. សំណល់គីមី

90 / 105

90)

What is the incorrect description of Injection Safety?:l

a. Performing post-exposure prophylaxis when accidentally exposed to the risk

b. Use of safety box with puncture-proof function

c. Immediate throw-away of disposable items after usage

d. Use of disposable glove

e. Recapping of needles

91 / 105

91)

Choose incorrect statement about ventilation in HCF.:

a. Window should be always open for natural ventilation

b. None of the above

c. Every patient room has to have window directly connected to outside

d. Mosquito screen or mosquito net should be provided when window is open

e. It should be designed to reduce microbial contamination

92 / 105

92)

What is the definition of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)?:

a. It is the ability for chemicals to resist microorganism

b. It is the ability for human to resist microorganism

c. It is the ability for human to resist chemicals

d. It is the ability for microorganism to resist human immune system

e. It is the ability for microorganism to resist chemicals that would normally kill or limit their growth

93 / 105

93)

Choose the incorrect statement about Healthcare Facility(HCF) staffs’ OHS.:

a. When exposed to infectious pathogen, staff should immediately go home to avoid further transmission

b. All staffs should be aware of IPC program and OHS policy to be able to protect themselves

c. HCF staffs are exposed to greater risk of OHS hazard than many other occupations

d. All HCF staffs should be properly immunized

e. Post-exposure Prophylaxis should be available for everyone

94 / 105

94)

Choose the correct example of safe HCF environment.:

a. None of the above

b. Window is closed in the operation room

c. Paint on the wall is scratched and removed

d. Sink in the bathroom is broken and water is leaking

e. Hospital corridor is full of people

95 / 105

95)

How can HCF ensure the quality of water?:

a. Regular monitoring and evaluation of water quality

b. Regular monitoring and evaluation of water supply

c. Regular monitoring and evaluation of water treatment process

d. All of the above

96 / 105

96)

Why is it important to prevent Nosocomial Infection?:

a. It can be life-threatening to both patients and healthcare staffs

b. It increases the cost of healthcare facility management

c. It can cause extra financial burden to patients

d. all of the above

e. a and b

97 / 105

97)

Why is Healthcare Facility (HCF) Environment important for Infection Prevention and Control (IPC)?:

a. Poorly managed HCF environment could raise the Nosocomial Infection rate

b. It provides the safe environment for patients

c. All of the above

d. It provides the safe workplace for HCF staffs

e. It provides the safe environment for caregivers and visitors

98 / 105

98)

Choose the incorrect statement:

a. IPC standard precautions must always be applied everywhere in HCF

b. All hospital laboratories require equal level of IPC precautions

c. Regardless of the location, everywhere inside HCF is exposed to the risk of Nosocomial Infection.

d. None of the above

e. All staffs should be trained for IPC precautions regardless of their task

99 / 105

99)

What is not considered during the IPC risk assessment?:

a. Medical procedure to be performed

b. Risk of contacting body fluid

c. None of the above

d. Pre-diagnosed condition or symptoms

e. Patient’s blood type

100 / 105

100)

Why is it important to prevent SSI?:

a. It is an important cause of additional morbidity

b. It can cause incremental cost to patients

c. It is an immediate threat to patient mortality

d. All of the above

e. It may contributes to increased Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

101 / 105

101)

HCW takes blood sample with patient for routine check-up, the patient does not present visible symptoms, what type and which IPC precaution the staff will apply?:

a. To performs hand hygiene and wears disposable gloves

b. To clean hand, used disposable gloves, safety book to collect the syringe & needle

c. To use safety box to collect the single used of needle and syringe

d. To clean and disinfected area with alcohol

102 / 105

102)

Choose the correct statement for the relationship between infection prevention and control (IPC) and the Chain of Infection.:

a. Chain of Infection can be completely eliminated when infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are taken.

b. IPC aims to cut the pathways in the Chain of Infection and IPC aims to control the elements of the Chain of Infection.

c. IPC aims to control the elements of the Chain of Infection.

d. IPC aims to cut the pathways in the Chain of Infection.

e. Chain of Infection can be completely eliminated when IPC implement properly and also cut it

103 / 105

103)

Choose the correct implementation of Isolation Unit.:

a. Curtain is installed for patients’ convenience

b. All furniture is made of plastic

c. General access area is for staffs to change into PPE

d. Air flows from inside to outside

e. There is no sign of “Isolation Unit” outside in order to avoid fear from public

104 / 105

104)

In what way can hospital implement effective Infection Prevention and Control program?:

a. Provide exclusive training to front-line doctors

b. Ban all external visitors

c. Provide continuous training and education to all staffs working in the facility

d. Limit the hospitalization of patients with highly infectious disease

e. Financial penalty to incompliance

105 / 105

105)

What puts the patient at the unnecessary risk of Catheter Associated Blood Stream Infection

(CABSI)?:

a. None of the above

b. Use of gown and gloves for staffs performing insertion procedure

c. Cleaning skin with disinfectant before inserting the catheter

d. Insertion of intravenous catheter for nutrition feeding when patient lost appetite

e. Use of surgical drape to cover the insertion spot

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និស្សិតអាចប្រាប់មកកាន់ពួកយើងបានដើម្បីកែកំហុស ឬអំពីបញ្ហាដោយអចេតនាណាមួយដែលកើតមានកំឡុងពេលធ្វើតេស្ត