/100 372 Oral Biology Preparation (Dr. Try Ky) 1 / 100 1) All four factors are absolutely necessary. In particular, the gene c-Myc is known to promote tumor growth in some cases, which would not affect iPSC usefulness in transplantation therapies. ? a. True b. False 2 / 100 2) What is the biggest conflict of using embryonic stem cells? a. Price and outcome b. Cell source c. Ethic d. Market 3 / 100 3) The biggest different of outcome between repair and regeneration on tissue is tissue scaring.? 3) a. Tissue function b. True c. Distortion of connective tissue d. False 4 / 100 4) Work flow of generating iPSc? a. Isolate and culture host cell, using adenovirus, harvest cell and culture under feeder layer, get an iPSc. b. Isolate and culture host cell, using retrovirus, harvest cell and culture under feeder layer, get an iPSc. c. Isolate and culture host cell, using lentinovirus, harvest cell and culture under feeder layer, get an iPSc. d. Isolate and culture host cell, using transcription factors, harvest cell and culture under feeder layer, get an iPSc. 5 / 100 5) Why transcription factors is the most import key to generate iPSc, cell reprogramming? a. They can regulate cell signalling b. They can control gene expression c. They can regulate gene expression through cell signalling during cell division d. They can control cell division 6 / 100 6) Ethical issues associated with the production of ESCs do apply to iPSCs, which offer a controversial strategy to generate patient-specific stem cell lines.? a. False b. True 7 / 100 7) Growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientists with the term transcription factors.? a. False b. True 8 / 100 8) Upon introduction of reprogramming factors, cells begin to form colonies that resemble pluripotent stem cells, which can be isolated based on their:? a. All are corrects. b. Morphology c. Conditions that select for their growth. d. Reporter genes. e. Through expression of surface markers 9 / 100 9) Growth factors typically act as signalling molecules between cells. Examples are cytokines and hormones that bind to specific receptors on the cytoplasm of their target cells.? a. False b. True 10 / 100 10) The disadvantage of mesenchymal stem cells is that this stem cells are heterogenous in nature which hard to purify.? a. False b. True 11 / 100 11) Mesenchymal stem cells can be extract from many types of tissue, but the most commence one is bone marrow.? a. True b. False 12 / 100 12) What are the gold standard transcription factors using for generating iPSc? a. Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, C-Myc b. Oct4, Sox4, Nanog, Lin28Oct4, Sox4, Nanog, Lin28Oct4, Sox4, Nanog, Lin28 c. Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Lin28 d. Oct2, Sox4, Klf4, Lin28 13 / 100 13) What is Yamanaka’s factors? a. Oct2, Sox4, Klf2, C-Myc b. Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, C-Myc c. Oct2, Sox2, Klf4, C-Myc d. Oct4, Sox4, Klf2, C-Myc 14 / 100 14) In the future, possible dentist can use dental pulp stem cells, 3rd mandibular molar, in cell bank due to their pluri-potent.? a. True b. False 15 / 100 15) Embryonic stem cells were banned for basic research practice because it is an unethical practice. Moreover, it cannot create patient-match specific cell line.? a. True b. False 16 / 100 16) Non-marrow origin mesenchymal stem cells EXCLUDE ? a. Embryo b. Dental pulp c. Adipose, and muscle d. Placenta, and umbilical cord blood 17 / 100 17) The first differentiation event in humans occurs at approximately —— days of development, when an outer layer of cells committed to becoming part of the placenta (the trophectoderm) separates from the inner cell mass (ICM). ? a. 1-3 day b. 10-14 days c. 3-5 days d. 5-7 days 18 / 100 18) Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: KGF, Keratinocyte growth factor? a. Tissue repair, cell growth, and collagen products b. Cell growth, new generation and repair of blood vessel, and collagen product c. Growth and new generation of endovascular epithelial cells d. Promotion of epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis, and promotion of wound healing e. Growth and new generation of keratinocyte 19 / 100 19) What is the biggest conflict of using mesenchymal stem cells? a. Ethic b. Homogenous nature c. Cancer cause d. Heterogenous nature 20 / 100 20) A protein that works with transcription factors to decrease the rate of gene transcription? a. Coactivator b. Corepressor c. Downregulation d. Upregulation 21 / 100 21) Growth factors and their receptors can be grouped into ‘families,’ based upon shared features of ? a. Anatomy of protein b. Structural of protein folding c. Amino acid sequence d. Protein sequence 22 / 100 22) Stem cell hierarchy from top to bottom? a. Unipotent, multipotent, pluripotent, totipotent b. Totipotent, multipotent, pluripotent, unipotent c. Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, unipotent d. Unipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, totipotent e. Totipotent, pluripotent, unipotent, multipotent 23 / 100 23) Mesenchymal stem cells is derived from bone marrow. So they can differentiate into hematopoietic cell line.? a. False b. True 24 / 100 24) Cytokines are a broad and loose category of long big proteins (~5–20 kDa) that are important in cell signalling.? a. True b. False 25 / 100 25) Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time that implantation would normally occur in the uterus. Normally, it takes about 10 days.? a. False b. True 26 / 100 26) Growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientists with the term cytokine.? a. False b. True 27 / 100 27) The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product such as a protein? a. Gene expression b. Response element c. Transcription d. Transcription factor e. Transcriptional regulation 28 / 100 28) What is the outcome of repair? a. To restore functions and tissue continuity, but with distortion or normal architecture. b. To restore tissue continuity c. To restore functions d. To restore functions and tissue continuity 29 / 100 29) What is the outcome of regeneration? a. The outcome of regeneration is different from repair b. The outcome of regeneration is no different from repair c. None of above d. It is the response of tissue destroyed by an insult to a complete restoration of tissue architecture and functions. 30 / 100 30) Transcription factors sometime is called ? a. Sequence-specific DNA-binding factors b. Sequence-specific RNA-binding factors c. Sequence-specific mRNA-binding factors d. Sequence-specific tRNA-binding factors 31 / 100 31) A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, healing, and cellular differentiation.? a. False b. True 32 / 100 32) What are the function of transcription factors? a. Coactivator b. Regulate in between coactivator and co-enhancer c. Co-enhancer d. Regulate gene expression 33 / 100 33) Mesenchymal stem cells have been confirmed able to differentiated into neuron cell with function? a. True b. False 34 / 100 34) What do Growth Factors Do? a. Enhance cellular proliferation b. All above c. Rejuvenate aging tissues d. Repair damaged cells e. Maintain optimum function of the target organ 35 / 100 35) The main reason for formation of scale is due to detraction of connective tissue.? a. False b. True 36 / 100 36) How many protein structure were classified? a. 3 b. 1 c. 2 d. 4 37 / 100 37) Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: FGF, fibroblast growth factor.? a. Growth and new generation of keratinocyte b. Growth and new generation of endovascular epithelial cells c. Promotion of epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis, and promotion of wound healing d. Cell growth, new generation and repair of blood vessel, and collagen product e. Tissue repair, cell growth, and collagen products. 38 / 100 38) Some important human diseases are caused by the death or dysfunction of one or a few cell types, e.g., insulin-producing cells in diabetes or dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, understanding and using stem cells as tool to study this disease model provide a better understand this dysfunction of cell types.? a. True b. False 39 / 100 39) Growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientists with the term? a. Cytokine b. Hormone c. Vitamin d. Protein 40 / 100 40) One strategy to accomplish this goal is nuclear reprogramming, a technique that involves experimentally inducing a stable change in the nucleus of a mature cell that can then be maintained and replicated as the cell divides through mitosis. ? a. False b. True 41 / 100 41) Mesenchymal stem cells can be extracted from marrow and non-marrow.? a. False b. True 42 / 100 42) What is the biggest conflict of using induced pluri-potent stem cells? a. Immune rejection b. Reprogram efficiency c. Cancer cause d. Insertion of transcription factors 43 / 100 43) Cells responsible for repair and regeneration consist of? a. All of above b. Mesenchymal cells and Parenchymal cells of the injury organs c. Endothelial cells and Platelets d. Platelets e. Macrophages 44 / 100 44) Why generation of iPSc is so attractive to scientist worldwide? a. No concern on cancer risk, and cheap b. Generation of patient-specific cell line and immune match c. No controversial in term of ethical issue, and ready for use d. Ease to perform with no risk of cancer and ethical issue e. Every patient could generation their own cell line without concern of ethical issue and immune rejection 45 / 100 45) Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a type of immunoprecipitation experimental technique used to investigate the interaction between? a. RNA and DNA b. DNA and RNA c. Proteins and DNA in the cell d. Proteins and RNA e. Proteins and DNA outside the cell 46 / 100 46) There are two major factors influence repair and regeneration? a. Systemic and local factors b. Nutrition and infection c. Hormonal and mobility d. Metabolic and would characteristic like size and location 47 / 100 47) An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism which is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.? a. MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells b. iPSc: Induced pluri-potent stem cells c. Stem cells d. ESCs: Embryonic stem cells 48 / 100 48) iPSc provided unlimited supplies of ________ cells could be used to generate transplants without the risk of immune rejection.? a. Autologous b. Allogous c. Xenologous 49 / 100 49) Yamanaka’s factors were chosen because they were known to be involved in the maintenance of pluripotency, which is the capability to generate all other cell types of the body.? a. False b. True 50 / 100 50) The inner cell mass cells have the potential to generate any cell type of the body, but after implantation, they are quickly depleted as they differentiate to other cell types with more limited developmental potential. ? a. False b. True 51 / 100 51) When the first human iPSc were generated and published? a. 2006 b. 2005 c. 2008 d. 2007 52 / 100 52) Event during or following protein translation ? a. Proteolysis and post-translatoinal modification b. Proteolysis and modification c. Proteolysis and protein folding d. Post-translational modification and protein folding 53 / 100 53) A specific sequence of DNA that a transcription factor binds to? a. Transcription factor b. Transcription c. Gene expression d. Transcriptional regulation e. Response element 54 / 100 54) ES will support clinical research on the differentiation and function of human tissues and provide material for testing that may improve the safety and efficacy of human drugs ? a. False b. True 55 / 100 55) The ICM, inner cell mass, cells have the potential to generate any cell type of the body, after implantation, they are ————– as they differentiate to other cell types with more limited developmental potential. ? a. No change b. Change c. Quickly deleted d. Quickly depleted 56 / 100 56) Because ES cells can proliferate without limit and can contribute to any cell type, human ES cells offer an unprecedented access to tissues from the human body. ? a. True b. False 57 / 100 57) Transcription can be divided into 3 stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each regulated by a large number of proteins such as transcription factors? a. False b. True 58 / 100 58) Controlling the rate of gene transcription for example by helping or hindering RNA polymerase binding to DNA? a. Transcriptional regulation b. Gene expression c. Response element d. Transcription factor e. Transcription 59 / 100 59) What is the hierarchy of mesenchymal stem cells? a. Toti-potent b. Uni-potent c. Multi-potent d. Pluri-potent 60 / 100 60) Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor? a. Cell growth, new generation and repair of blood vessel, and collagen product. b. Tissue repair, cell growth, and collagen products. c. Promotion of epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis, and promotion of wound healing d. Growth and new generation of endovascular epithelial cells e. Growth and new generation of keratinocyte 61 / 100 61) A protein that works with transcription factors to increase the rate of gene transcription? a. Downregulation b. Coactivator c. Corepressor d. Upregulation 62 / 100 62) What is the hierarchy of embryonic stem cells? a. Pluri-potent b. Toti-potent c. Uni-potent d. Multi-potent 63 / 100 63) If the ICM, inner cell mass, is removed from its normal embryonic environment and cultured under appropriate conditions, the ICM-derived cells can ——————————————- indefinitely and still maintain the developmental potential to form any cell type of the body? a. Still alive and growth well under appropriate conditions b. Growth and produce more different kind of cell types in the body c. Continue to proliferate and replicate themselves d. Differentiate in to any cell types of the body 64 / 100 64) Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: PDGF, Platelet derived growth factor? a. Growth and new generation of endovascular epithelial cells b. Promotion of epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis, and promotion of wound healing c. Tissue repair, cell growth, and collagen products. d. Cell growth, new generation and repair of blood vessel, and collagen product. e. Growth and new generation of keratinocyte 65 / 100 65) Transcription factors is a protein that control the rate of transcription of genetic information from? a. DNA to RNA b. RNA to DNA c. DNA to tRNA d. DNA to mRNA 66 / 100 66) Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: TGF-b, Transforming growth factor b.? a. Growth and new generation of keratinocyte b. Promotion of wound healing. c. Promotion of epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis, and promotion of wound healing d. Cell growth, new generation and repair of blood vessel, and collagen product. e. Growth and new generation of endovascular epithelial cells 67 / 100 67) iPSc were generated by:? a. Introduced Yamanaka’s factors into adult cells. b. All of above. c. Growth factors. d. From adult cells. 68 / 100 68) What are the 4 steps of responses of mucosa to damage? a. Hemostasis, Inflammatory response, Proliferation, and Wound contraction b. Inflammatory response, Hemostasis, Proliferation, and Wound contraction c. Proliferation, Inflammatory response, Hemostasis, and Wound contraction d. Wound contraction, Hemostasis, Inflammatory response, and Proliferation 69 / 100 69) Mesenchymal stem cells are multi-potent stem cells which is able to differentiate to adult cell like? a. Liver, skin, bone, and cartilage b. Bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, and neurons c. Cartilage, fat, muscle d. Bone, cartilage, and neurons e. Bone, liver, fat, skin, and muscle 70 / 100 70) In our blood, there is a small amount of stem cells which are ready to be differentiate to any cell type under the control of growth factors.? a. False b. True 71 / 100 71) Activation, or promotion – increase the rate of gene transcription? a. Corepressor b. Downregulation c. Upregulation d. Coactivator 72 / 100 72) In transcription an mRNA chain is generated, with both strands of the DNA double helix in the genome as a template.? a. False b. True 73 / 100 73) Periodontium which includes? a. Periodontal ligament b. Alveolar bone c. Gingival d. All of above e. Cementum 74 / 100 74) What is the hierarchy of induced pluripotent stem cells? a. Pluri-potent b. Multi-potent c. Uni-potent d. Toti-potent 75 / 100 75) Who are/ is the pioneer of generating iPSc? a. Prof. Shinya Yamanaka and Sir John Gurdon b. Prof. Shinya Yamanak and his wife c. Prof. Shinya Yamanaka d. Prof. Shinya Yamanaka and his students 76 / 100 76) Cre-Lox recombination is a site-specific recombinase technology, used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites? a. Inside of cellular cytoplasm b. In DNA c. In target animal d. In RNA e. In target cell 77 / 100 77) Repression, or suppression – decrease the rate of gene transcription? a. Corepressor b. Upregulation c. Coactivator d. Downregulation 78 / 100 78) Growth factors and their receptors can be grouped into ‘superfamilies,’ based upon shared features of ? a. Structural of protein folding b. Amino acid sequence c. Anatomy of protein d. Protein sequence 79 / 100 79) The biggest concern of using iPSc as a regenerative tool is the possible of cancer provoke due to infection of transcription factors.? a. False b. True 80 / 100 80) What are the criteria for achieving to generate iPSc? a. ell be maintained and replicated b. Cell able to maintain and replication their stable change in cellular nucleus when their undergo mitosis. c. An unstable change in the nucleus of a mature cells but can be maintained and replicated through cell division, mitosis. d. A stable change in the nucleus of a mature cell e. Cell can divides through mitosis 81 / 100 81) Why transcription factor C-Myc is no longer use for generating iPSc? a. It is reported to generate cancer in some cases b. It is difficult to obtain from nature c. It is less effective d. It is difficult to work with other transcription factors e. It is not only less effective, but difficult to work with other transcription factors, and reported to generate cancer in some cases 82 / 100 82) A,growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, healing, and cellular differentiation. Usually it is a protein or a steroid hormone.? a. False b. True 83 / 100 83) Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time that implantation would normally occur in? a. Uterus b. Oviduct c. In vitro fertilization d. Placenta e. Vagina 84 / 100 84) The process of making messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase? a. Transcriptional regulation b. Transcription c. Transcription factor d. Response element e. Gene expression 85 / 100 85) Transcription factor sometimes is called sequence-specific DNA-binding factor.? a. False b. True 86 / 100 86) Yamanaka’s factors were used to generating iPSc in 1st generation because:? a. They were reported to able to express gene that like embryonic stem cells. b. All are corrects. c. There is no better way. d. They are ease to use. 87 / 100 87) How many types of intra oral tissue? a. 2 b. 5 c. 3 d. 4 88 / 100 88) When the first mouse iPSc were generated and published? a. 2006 b. 2008 c. 2007 d. 2005 89 / 100 89) Protein synthesis consist of 2 steps. What are they, and where do they take place? a. Transcription occurs in nucleolus, and translation occurs in cytoplasm b. Transcription and translation both occurs in nucleolus c. Transcription occurs in cytoplasm, and translation occurs in nucleolus d. Transcription and translation both occurs in cytoplasm 90 / 100 90) Growth factors and their receptors can be grouped into ‘families,’ based upon shared features of size and location, and into ‘superfamilies,’ based upon shared their functions.? a. False b. True 91 / 100 91) Growth factors are proteins that regulate many aspects of cellular function, including survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation.? a. False b. True 92 / 100 92) Four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) sometimes is called Yamanaka’s factors.? a. True b. False 93 / 100 93) iPSCs were reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state by introducing genes important for maintaining the essential properties of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). ? a. True b. False 94 / 100 94) Growth factor responsible for repair and regeneration: EGF, Epithermal growth factor? a. Promotion of epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis, and promotion of wound healing b. Tissue repair, cell growth, and collagen products. c. Cell growth, new generation and repair of blood vessel, and collagen product d. Growth and new generation of keratinocyte e. Growth and new generation of endovascular epithelial cells 95 / 100 95) In order to identify multi-potency stem cells, ones has to undergo cellar differentiation EXCLUDE? a. Skin b. Fat c. Bone d. Cartilage e. Neuron 96 / 100 96) A protein that binds to DNA and regulates gene expression by promoting or suppressing transcription? a. Transcriptional regulation b. Transcription c. Response element d. Transcription factor e. Gene expression 97 / 100 97) Why embryonic stem cells were banned for basic research? a. Violation ethic issue b. Risk of cancer c. All of above d. High cost 98 / 100 98) Retroviruses used to deliver the four transcription factors in the earliest studies is safe to generating iPSCs.? a. False b. True 99 / 100 99) Transcription factor is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from messenger RNA to DNA, by binding to a specific ribosomes.? a. True b. False 100 / 100 100) Morphology of mesenchymal stem cells ? a. Collagen-like b. Poly-conic-like c. Neuron-like d. Fibroblast-like Your score isThe average score is 88% Facebook 0% Restart quiz Any comments? Send feedback