Pédiatrie Preparation (Pr. Sruor Yina)

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1) What is the importance of hemoglobin determination in the assessment of protein energy malnutrition?

a. None of the above

b. To diagnose polycythemia

c. To diagnose anemia

d. To assess the presence of abnormal red blood cell morphology

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2) Which of the following is a false statement?

a. Malnutrition is non-preventable communicable disease

b. Protein energy malnutrition is associated with diarrhea, Malnutrition is non-preventable communicable disease

c. Protein energy malnutrition is associated with diarrhea

d. Marasmus is one of the problems of our society

e. Immunization can prevent malnutrition

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3) The objective of the rehabilitation phase in dietary management of PEM is

a. To increase and promote a rapid rate of catch up growth through administration of high energy and protein

b. To promote the participation of mothers/care givers in the dietary management process.

c. To decrease the risk of vomiting, diarrhea and hypothermia

d. To avoid unnecessarily prolonged hospital stay so as to prevent cross infection

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4) What are the basic causes of protein –energy malnutrition?

a. All of the above

b. None

c. War

d. Social inequality

e. Drought

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5) One of the advantages of providing small frequent feeds in the acute phase of dietary management of PEM is:

a. It minimizes the risk of vomiting, hypoglycemia and hypothermia

b. It reduces the risk of infection

c. It increases appetite; therefore, the child could strive to gain weight at earliest time

d. None of the above

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6) What is the importance of studying stained red cell morphology in the assessment of protein energy malnutrition?

a. To assess nutritional anemia

b. To diagnose iron deficiency anemia

c. It enables the classification of anemia

d. All of the above

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7) What sanitary measures should be taken to prevent PEM?

a. Personal and environmental hygiene should be maintained

b. Provision of safe and adequate food

c. All of the above

d. None of the above

e. Sources of water should be protected

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8) What pathogens contribute indirectly to the development of protein energy malnutrition?

a. Bacteria

b. Parasites

c. All of the above

d. Viruses

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9) How common is the problem of protein energy malnutrition?

a. Severe forms of malnutrition are frequent in the order of 5-10% in developing countries

b. All are correct

c. The prevalence of mild and moderate forms Protein energy Malnutrition range from 20-40%

d. Wasting follows seasonal shortage of food

e. Stunting is the more common form of malnutrition than wasting in most developing countries including Ethiopia

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10) Which age groups of children are more predisposed to protein energy malnutrition (kwashiorkor)?

a. Children 4-5 years

b. Children 2-3 years old

c. None

d. Under one year

e. All under five

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11) What are the different risk factors involved for the development of protein energy malnutrition?

a. Low socioeconomic conditions

b. Infections like measles, Pertusis, diarrhea

c. All of the above

d. Ignorance of parents about the importance of child nutrition

e. Child abuse (Neglect)

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12) Why is weaning time usually the period for the syndrome of protein energy malnutrition to set in?

a. None

b. Use of bottle-feeding with diluted and dirty formula predisposing the child to infection

c. Improper weaning practices like introduction of supplementary foods abruptly

d. All

e. Ceasing or reduction of breast-feeding

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13) What is the importance of serum albumin determination in the assessment of protein energy malnutrition?

a. To diagnose hyper-albuminemia

b. To diagnose hypo-albunemia, To assess protein malabsorbtion

c. To diagnose hypo-albunemia

d. To assess protein malabsorbtion

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14) The basic objective of managing a child with protein energy malnutrition is the following except one:

a. Treating superimposed infections

b. Correction of specific nutrient deficiencies

c. Provision of immunization (measles)

d. Managing complications

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15) What is the importance of differential leukocyte count (particularly lymphocyte count) in the assessment of protein energy malnutrition?

a. To see the presence of atypical lymphocytes

b. All of the above

c. To determine the relative lymphocyte count as an indicator of viral infection in protein energy malnutrition

d. To diagnose the presence of infections

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16) In the clinical work up of protein energy malnutrition, what laboratory investigations can be done in a routine laboratory setup?

a. Serum albumin determination

b. Differential leukocyte count

c. Hemoglobin determination

d. Stained red blood cell morphology assessment

e. All of the above

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Pédiatrie Preparation (Pr. Sruor Yina)

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និស្សិតអាចប្រាប់មកកាន់ពួកយើងបានដើម្បីកែកំហុស ឬអំពីបញ្ហាដោយអចេតនាណាមួយដែលកើតមានកំឡុងពេលធ្វើតេស្ត