1) Individuals and organizations that pay for healthcare services directly or indirectly

2) What statistics you can compare patient stay cost for two .

3) They provide care that does not vary in quality because of a person’s characteristics?

4) Which of the following is not suitable data for quality measurement?

5) An analysis that delves into problem causes by successively asking what and why until all aspects of the situation, process, or service are reviewed and contributing factors are considered

6) Use of authority inherent in designated formal rank to obtain compliance from organizational members

7) A dichotomous response scale

8) Events, actions, or things that can cause harm

9) One crucial elements of or steps in a quality improvement system is Staff, doctors, nurse

10) ……………. are used to identify all possible causes of an effect (a problem or an objective).

11) A long-term, integrated whole-system approach is needed to ensure sustained improvements in …………….

12) Action designed to lower the risk of failure

13) Data describing the results of healthcare services

14) Graphs in which each unit of data is represented as a pie-shaped piece of a circle

15) Quantitative tools used to evaluate an element of patient care

16) A key focus of quality improvement is to ………of the system and clinical processes

17) The number written above the line in a common fraction to indicate the number of parts of the whole is…

18) Data describing the results of healthcare services?

19) Analyzing data to determine whether the changes were effective is part of which stage of QI cycle?

20) Which statement below best describes quality assessment? low-performing health care providers, organizations, or communities. implementation of quality measurement activities, and monitoring of quality information over time

21) …… Identify an opportunity and plan for change

22) Independently gathering evidence in a systematic and transparent way to provide confidence that a system is meeting internal or external standards?

23) Not providing a health service that might have been medically beneficial

24) To ensure………, the steps perpetually cycle and repeat

25) …is one that meets or exceeds expectations. Expectations can change, so quality must be continuously improved.

26) Participants …… on the Results (Reviewing the results and deciding what tests of change to try next)

27) Who is responsible for quality improvement in healthcare?

28) a …… for change in identified (forming the team, agreeing on the problem, selecting valid measures, and making ideas for improvement)

29) Which of the following scenarios does not represent timeliness of care?

30) Which of the following is not a basic component of descriptive statistics?

31) …. Research, Quality Assessment and Quality Improvement?

32) Meaningful quality process measures must be?

33) ……is the number written below the line in a common fraction that indicates the number of parts into, which one whole is divided

34) Data describing the delivery of healthcare services

35) Participants …… the change (Implementing potential solutions in a small subset)

36) Where was Total Quality Management first developed?

37) Which of the following best describes movement as waste?

38) A subgroup of respondents derived from the target population Defects

39) Planning and making changes to current practices to achieve better performance

40) The total patient time in the clinic from walk-in to walkout

41) ….. are Aspects of patient outcome

42) Creating governance arrangements and processes to identify ………that require investigation and improvement

43) Implement the changes on a small scale?

44) The Model for Improvement focuses on what three areas?

45) …. It is important to know about

46) When is it appropriate to collect and use data? questions questions questions research questions

47) Choose a problem, and write a statement to describe it?

48) Improvement teams can use a ………… (sometimes called a selection or prioritization matrix) to systematically identify, analyze, and rate the strength of relationships between sets of information.

49) An ………, sometimes called an arithmetic mean, is the sum of a set of quantities divided by the number of quantities in the set

50) ….. is about making organizations perform for their stakeholders from improving products, services, systems and processes, to making sure that the whole organisation is fit and effective?

51) ………is one that meets a personal need or provides some benefit?

52) Care should be provided promptly when the patient needs it

53) …. is about making healthcare safe, effective, patient-centred, timely, efficient and equitable.

54) …… results from the most efficient expenditure of resources to achieve an established high level of clinical quality?

55) Which of the following should not be included in the planning stage of Quality Improvement cycle?

56) Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is a philosophy assumes that:

57) In any organization, the technique of quality improvement that is used the most is……

58) Developing …….to identify and implement new evidence-based interventions, innovations and technologies, with the ability to adapt these to local context

59) Graphs used to show the correlation between two characteristics or variables

60) Use of performance information to determine whether an acceptable level of quality has been achieved

61) Which phrase is not related to quality improvement?

62) Graphs used to show the relative size of different categories of a variable, on which each category or value of the variable is represented by a bar, usually with a gap between the bars; also called bar charts

63) Quality management is a method for?

64) Visible and focused leadership, for example, in an NHS trust, at board level, accompanied by effective governance and management processes that ensure all improvement activities are aligned with the organisation’s vision

65) ……. are organizational assets and include people and raw material.

66) A leadership style that is said to motivate employees, and that optimizes the introduction of change

67) Identifying and describing data that need to be collected to determine whether changes produced desired results is part of which stage of QI cycle?

68) Outcomes are …… (Measuring and evaluating results before and after intervention)

69) The objectives of the improvement project?

70) ……are structure of care provision

71) …………..negatively impact the company’s image when reported to the public?

72) Care should be based on scientific knowledge and provided to patients who could benefit. Care should not be provided to patients unlikely to benefit from it. In other words, underuse and overuse should be avoided

73) Hundreds of measures can be used to evaluate healthcare performance. These measures are grouped into three categories:

74) A …… is used to compare two things. For instance, the nurse-to-patient ratio reports the number of hospital patients cared for by each nurse

75) Which is less relevant in the formulation of monitoring framework?

76) The goal of performance improvement is to ……from recurring, not just clean up the mess after something undesirable happens.

77) The first step in problem solving is to

78) Graphs used to show the center, dispersion, and shape of the distribution of a collection of performance data

79) A measure of the middle or expected value of a data set

80) The best possible care should be provided to everyone, regardless of age, sex, race, financial status, or any other demographic variable

81) It is important to know about ……….. for quality planning?

82) In health care, systematic quality improvement approaches such as Lean (see Section 4) have been used to…….

83) Evaluation activities aimed at ensuring compliance with minimum quality standards

84) Providing services based on evidence that produce a clear benefit?

85) Products, services, or information flowing into a process?

86) Which statement by a healthcare professional shows the best understanding of QI? others involved in health care that leads to better health outcomes, better system performance and better professional development.”

87) …….is its ability to satisfy the needs and expectations of the customer

88) Your community hospital has coordinated with local municipality authority to convert a busy intersection to a roundabout (i.e., traffic circle) to alleviate long standing condestion, but after completion it was realized that large fire trucks cannot fit through the new configuration. This is an example of?

89) ……….is the most prominent approach to quality management systems.

90) …… shows how often each different value in a set of data occurs

91) Quality improvement can deliver sustained improvements not only in…….., but also in the lives of the people working in health

92) Charts used by improvement teams to organize ideas and issues, gain a better understanding of a problem, and brainstorm potential solutions

93) Quality Improvement had its beginnings in what area?

94) Quality improvement program focuses on?

95) Writing down details related to objectives of QI cycle, process of changes and plans for implementation is part of which of the following in QI cycle?

96) Care should be based on scientific knowledge and provided to patients who could benefit.

97) ……is defined as a formalized system that documents processes, procedures, and responsibilities for achieving quality policies and objectives. Standard deviation

98) Levels of performance excellence that organizations must attain to become credentialed by a competent authority

99) Performance improvement projects should be …….

100) Of a quality improvement perspective, the most desirable state is when?

101) Building ………at every level, from the top tiers of organisations, such as the boards of acute trusts or primary care networks, through to front-line staff.

102) Minimum acceptable levels of quality

103) ………… is a systems thinking multimethod ology that seeks to combine methods and practices from various systems thinking schools?

104) …. Incorrect diagnoses, medical errors, and other sources of avoidable complications?

105) Learn more about the problem by gathering performance data

106) …. Published articles information in scientific journals is set in the following sequence?

107) The Deming performance improvement model

108) Which of the following are key components of a Total Quality Management system?

109) The relationship between cost and quality is

110) ………. tool helps an improvement team dig deeper into the causes of problems by successively asking what and why until all aspects of the situation are reviewed and the underlying contributing factors are considered.

111) ……. must provide a good or service desired by its customers?

112) …. The leader of a quality improvement team needs to deal effectively with a conflict between two units, it is best to appoint which of the following to its membership?

113) Incorrect diagnoses, medical errors, and other sources of avoidable complications

114) The process of identifying the scope for process improvement is associated with …

115) A bakery is supposed to produce cookies whose average weight after baking is 31 grams. To meet quality requirements, it has been decided that USL=35.0 grams and LSL=28.0 grams. The process standard deviation is 0.8grams and the process centerline is set at 31 grams. The company requires a capability index of at least 1.33

116) …. Which one piece of information is the most usefull to describe the age of population that is served in an anticoagulation monitoring service clinic??

117) Which one piece of information is the most usefull to describe the gender of population that is served in an anticoagulation monitoring service clinic??

118) Analysing performance of various processes and improving them repeatedly to achieve quality objectives?

119) Which of the following is considered as waste?

120) The patient cost-to-charge ratio…..

121) Health care systems across the UK are also looking at the environmental impact of the services they provide as part of their efforts to ……..

122) When a manager monitors the work performance of workers in his department to determine if the quality of their work is ‘up to standard’, this manager is engaging in which function?

123) Which of the following is not the dimension of quality of care defined by the Institute of Medicine?

124) Measures used to determine an organization’s performance over time; also called performance measures

125) …….. ensuring that health and care services are appropriately resourced to deliver an agreed standard of quality.

126) …….is developing a theory of change?

127) Which of the following is associated with defining of product or service features and specifications?

128) Application of statistical methods to identify and control performance

129) Which of the following is not considered a performance measure? a home health care patient

130) Gathering data to assess the changes affect on the process is part of which stage of QI cycle?

131) Two concepts of descriptive statistics that are essential for identifying opportunities for performance improvement are?

132) Management is………………………?

133) A performance improvement approach aimed at eliminating waste; also called …

134) ……is the combination of the quality of a product and the cost at which that level of quality is achieved?

135) Which of the following best describes the nature of quality measurement?

136) The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals

137) ………… can lead to lower health care costs?

138) .…………are used to plot five to ten performance measures for an interval of time, along with performance expectations

139) Products and services that process customers view as unnecessary (e.g., making a copy of the patient’s insurance card at each clinic visit)

140) Several systematic performance improvement models have been created for use in healthcare as well as other industries. All these models incorporate similar steps: improvements, and measure success improvements

141) Caring. Staff involve and treat people with compassion, dignity and respect?

142) ………is a broad philosophy to reduce cost, eliminate variability, and improve customer satisfaction through improved design and better management strategy

143) Analyze data to determine whether the changes were effective?

144) ………is about giving the people closest to issues affecting care quality the time, permission, skills and resources.

145) Formal discussions between two parties in which information is exchanged?

146) They use their resources responsibly and efficiently, providing fair access to all, and according to need of their populations?

147) To realize the benefits of quality health care, health services must be

148) A measure of how well resources are used to achieve a goal.

149) .….. define customers and how to meet their needs

150) The organization’s billing database is an administrative file often used to gather performance data

151) Data describing organizational facilities, environment, equipment, policies, and procedures

152) A radiologist waiting for a patient to be brought into the exam room

153) ………is achieved by continual improvement in terms of customers’ expectations. The aim of continuous quality improvement is to meet the customer, not just the competition?

154) Implementing quality improvement to reduce complications from surgery can be done in

155) The benefit of available resources and avoiding waste

156) The process of checking the actual performance with the standard performance is associated with….?

157) Treatment results are found in patient records

158) Products, services, or information produced by a process?

159) Which of the following objectives is not time-bound? health facilities will have reached 5000. increase by 25%

160) A measure expressed as a ………. is generally more useful than a measure expressed as an absolute number

161) A methodical procedure used to identify factors that cause errors and then reduce or minimize them?

162) Analysing performance of various processes and improving them repeatedly to achieve quality objectives

163) Collection of information for the purpose of understanding current performance and seeing how performance changes or improves over time

164) Using a systematic approach involving specific methods and tools to continuously improve the quality of care and outcomes for patients and service users?

165) Groups that contract with the centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to monitor the appropriateness, effectiveness, and quality of care provided to Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries?

166) Avoiding harm to people for whom the care is intended

167) Which of the following does not constitute patient-centered care? family planning

168) According to the Institute of Medicine, quality of care is: desired health outcomes are consistent with current professional knowledge current professional knowledge

169) Care intended to help patients should not harm them.

170) Data describing the extent to which current best evidence is used in making decisions about patient care?

171) …… are the people responsible for supervising the use of an organization’s resources to meet the goals?

172) Provision of a health service that is more likely to harm than benefit the patient

173) …. What sampling technique involves selecting the medical record of every fifth patient undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)?

174) According to the Institute of Medicine, how many dimension of quality of care are there?

175) ……are process of care

176) …… Implement the change on a small scale

177) Quality management involves three things people do almost every day

178) It is important to allow enough time to design an improvement intervention and plan its delivery?

179) Which of the activities below does not fall under quality assessment? communities

180) Quality assurance is related to ……

181) Performance expectations established by individuals or groups

182) vital elements of any attempt to improve performance or quality and are needed to assess the impact against set objectives?

183) Process Control and Regulatory is a part of…

184) A way of doing business that continuously improves products and services to achieve better performance

185) .……is “a philosophy or an approach to management that can be characterized by its principles, practices, and techniques

186) Doing something that doesn’t add value (e.g., performing unnecessary tests to prevent a lawsuit for malpractice)

187) Avoiding harm to people from care that is intended to help them?

188) Develop a solution for the problem and a plan for implementing the solution

189) Comparing results of QI with expectations is part of which stage of the QI cycle?

190) Which statement best describes quality improvement?

191) A self-assessment and external assessment process used by healthcare organizations to assess their level of performance in relation to established standards and implement ways to continuously improve

192) ………..supporting efforts to develop whole-system approaches to improvement.

193) Establishing effective leadership for ……

194) The patient wait time in the emergency department is….

195) Use the when you want to compare means for two data sets that are independent from each other?

196) What is the first step in a control process?

197) The Shewhart performance improvement model

198) ………conducted using step by-step proceed.

199) Graphic representations of a process

200) …… Use data to analyze the results of the change and determine whether it made a difference