Santé Publique Preparation (Dr. Tol Bunkea)

/104

942

1 / 104

The branch of biostatistics that deals with testing of hypothesis, making predictions using data collected is called:

a. Comparative biostatistics

b. Inferential biostatistics

c. Descriptive statistics

d. Test statistics

2 / 104

If the diagnostic (confirmatory) test is expensive or invasive the best diagnostic test is:

a. use a cut-point with high sensitivity

b. Minimize false positives

c. Use a cut-point with high specificity

d. Maximize true positives

3 / 104

A population parameter is likely to occur (chose the correct answer):

a. Within a standard deviation of a population

b. Within the range values of sample

c. Within a standard deviation of a sample

d. Within the confidence interval

4 / 104

The director of the blood bank wants to know whether blood donors who test positive should be informed of their positive HIV status on the basis of this test. What do you need to calculate in order to help you advise the director?

a. Sensitivity

b. Specificity

c. Negative predictive value

d. Positive predictive value

5 / 104

What is the correct statement of validity of a screening test:

a. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease.

b. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

c. The ability of a test to indicate which individuals have the disease and which do not.

d. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease.

6 / 104

If the variance of a data set is correctly computed with the formula using n – 1 in the denominator, which of the following is true?

a. The data set could be either a sample or a population

b. The data set is a sample

c. The data set is a population

d. The data set is from a census

7 / 104

Reliability of a test means that:

a. The results of a test or measure are not identical or closely similar each time it is conducted

b. The results of a test or measure are changed each time it is conducted

c. The results of a test or measure are identical or closely similar each time it is conducted

d. The results of a test or measure are incorrect each time it is conducted

8 / 104

Statistic is a numerical quantity, which is calculated from:

a. Population

b. Observation

c. Data

d. Sample

9 / 104

Which answer below is correct about the confidence interval:

a. The most commonly used of confidence interval is the 100% interval

b. The most commonly used of confidence interval is the 95% interval

c. The most commonly used of confidence interval is the 99% interval

d. The most commonly used of confidence interval is the 90% interval

10 / 104

10)

Which of these is most likely to happen?

a. Event B, which has a probability of 0.75

b. Event C, which has a probability of 0.5

c. Event A, which has a probability of 25%

d. Event D, which has a probability of 0.1

11 / 104

11)

A negative predictive value of a test decreases as:

a. The prevalence of disease in the population is constant

b. The prevalence of disease in the population decreases

c. The incidence of disease in the population increases

d. The prevalence of disease in the population increases

12 / 104

12)

If we want higher chance of error we could calculate (chose the correct answer):

a. .A 90% confidence interval

b. .A 98% confidence interval

c. .A 95% confidence interval

d. .A 99% confidence interval

13 / 104

13)

A confidence interval estimate is (chose the correct answer):

a. .A mean of values constructed from sample data

b. .A median of values constructed from sample data

c. .A range of values constructed from sample data

d. .A standard deviation of values constructed from sample data

14 / 104

14)

If a sensitivity of a screening test was 80%, it means that:

a. The probability of the screening test correctly identifying diseased subjects was 20%.

b. The probability of the screening test incorrectly identifying diseased subjects was 80%.

c. The probability of the screening test correctly identifying diseased subjects was 80%.

d. The probability of the screening test incorrectly identifying diseased subjects was 20%.

15 / 104

15)

A screening test result for cervical cancer show that PPV= 67%. It means that:

a. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of cervical cancer was 33%

b. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of cervical cancer was 67%.

c. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of cervical cancer was less than 67%

d. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of cervical cancer was more than 67%

16 / 104

16)

In descriptive statistics, we study:

a. The methods for organizing, displaying, and describing data

b. How to describe the probability distribution

c. The prediction of disease trend

d. The description of decision making process

17 / 104

17)

The Positive Predictive Value of a test increases:

a. Prevalence of the disease in the population increases

b. The prevalence of disease decreases

c. The number of population stable

d. The incidence of disease increase

18 / 104

18)

On the statements below what is valid statements of probability:

a. Our probability of dying is 100%

b. We are 150% certain of success

c. My probability of winning the lottery is less than 0.

d. The probability of this patient will cure is more than 100%

19 / 104

19)

What is the correct answer about a point estimatestatement:

a. .A point estimate involves the calculation of confidence intervals for some statistic

b. .A point estimate involves the calculation of mode for some statistic

c. .A point estimate involves the calculation of means for some statistic

d. .A point estimate involves the calculation of median for some statistic

20 / 104

20)

Which below statement is not correct:

a. .A confidence interval estimate is a range of values constructed from sample data

b. .A confidence interval is a range of values within which, we believe, the true parameter don’t lies with high probability

c. .A confidence interval is a range of values within which, we believe, the true parameter lies with high probability.

d. The population parameter is likely to occur within a confidence interval range at a specified probability

21 / 104

21)

What is the correct statement of sensitivity of a screening test:

a. The ability of a test to indicate which individuals have the disease and which do not.

b. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease.

c. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease.

d. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

22 / 104

22)

The meaning of reliability of a test is:

a. The results of a test identical if repeated

b. The results of a test various

c. The results of a test positive

d. The results of a test deferent

23 / 104

23)

We measure the sample using statistics in order to:

a. Draw inferences about the parameters of the population

b. To provide the reliability of the study result

c. To provide the validity of the study result

d. Draw conclusion about the sample size

24 / 104

24)

On the statements below what is valid statements of probability:

a. .A woman’s probability of suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is 1 in 12

b. .A woman’s probability of suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is 12 in 1

c. .A woman’s probability of suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is less than 0.

d. .A woman’s probability of suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is more than 1

25 / 104

25)

Which statement is not true about confidence intervals?

a. .A 99% confidence interval procedure has a higher probability of producing intervals that will include the population parameter than a 95% confidence interval procedure.

b. An approximate formula for a 95% confidence interval is sample estimate ±margin of error.

c. .A confidence interval between 20% and 40% means that the population proportion lies between 20% and 40%.

d. .A confidence interval is an interval of values computed from sample data that is likely to include the true population value.

26 / 104

26)

What is the correct interpretation of 95% confidence interval below:

a. We can be 90% confident that the true value of population lies within this interval

b. We can be 95% confident that the true value of population lies within this interval

c. We can be 98% confident that the true value of population lies within this interval

d. We can be 99% confident that the true value of population lies within this interval

27 / 104

27)

All statements below are correct to describe the negative predictive value of a screening test except one:

a. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

b. The proportion of patients who test negative who are actually free of the disease

c. Likelihood of not having the disease when test is negative.

d. The proportion of negative test results that are true negative

28 / 104

28)

What is the correct statement of negative predictive value (NPV) of a screening test:

a. The proportion of patients who test negative who are actually free of the disease

b. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease.

c. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease.

d. The ability of a test to indicate which individuals have the disease and which do not.

29 / 104

29)

In statistics, a population consists of

a. All people living in a country

b. All people living in the area under study

c. All people who developing disease

d. All subjects or objects whose characteristics are being studied

30 / 104

30)

The Negative Predictive Value was 98% means that:

a. The prevalence of disease was 98%

b. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being disease-free was 98%.

c. The prevalence rate is 98%

d. The incidence of disease was 98%

31 / 104

31)

What is the statement of positive predictive value of a diagnostic test:

a. The proportion of patients who test negative who are actually free of the disease

b. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease from all individuals free from the disease

c. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

d. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease from all individuals with the disease

32 / 104

32)

The upper bound and lower bound of confidence interval are calculated using (chose the correct answer):

a. The median and its standard error

b. The median and the range

c. The mean and its standard error

d. The mean and the range

33 / 104

33)

The standard error of the mean of a sample is:

a. Used to determine confidence level of significant test

b. Not increased as the sample size increases

c. An estimate of the standard deviation of the sample

d. Based on a non-normal distribution

34 / 104

34)

Below is the common screening test except one:

a. Fasting blood sugar for diabetes

b. Rapid diagnostic test

c. Fasting blood cholesterol for heart disease

d. Pap smear for cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer

35 / 104

35)

When the new drug was clinically tested, 117 patients reported headaches and 617 did not. Based on this sample what is the probability that a new drug user will experience a headache:

a. 617/117

b. 117/617

c. 617/(117+617)

d. 117/(117+617)

36 / 104

36)

Which below statement is not correct:

a. We rarely know parameters

b. Parameters are not fixed values.

c. It is often difficult to obtain measures from the entire population

d. Parameters are fixed values

37 / 104

37)

A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as sample mean, is known as a

a. Sample parameter

b. Sample statistic

c. Population parameter

d. Population mean

38 / 104

38)

What is the statement of specificity of a diagnostic test:

a. The proportion of patients who test negative who are actually free of the disease

b. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease from all individuals free from the disease

c. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease from all individuals with the disease

d. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

39 / 104

39)

If an event is impossible it has a probability of:

a. Less than one

b. one

c. zero

d. greater than zero

40 / 104

40)

If an event has a probability of 0.1 it is:

a. Certain to happen

b. Very likely to happen.

c. Very unlikely to happen.

d. Impossible to happen

41 / 104

41)

The standard error of the mean of a sample is:

a. Not used to determine confidence limit

b. Increased as the sample size increases

c. Not based on a normal distribution

d. An estimate of the standard deviation of the population

42 / 104

42)

Which branch of statistics deals with the techniques that are used to organize, and summarize and simplify data:

a. Advanced Statistics

b. Probability Statistics

c. Inferential Statistics

d. Descriptive Statistics

43 / 104

43)

What is the correct statement of screening test:

a. .A screening test is used to determine the presence or absence of a disease when a subject does not shows signs or symptoms of the disease

b. The screening test is performed after a negative diagnostic test

c. .A screening test is used to determine the presence or absence of a disease when a subject shows signs or symptoms of the disease

d. The screening test is performed after a positive diagnostic test

44 / 104

44)

What is the correct answer about a point estimatestatement:

a. .A point estimate is a range of the sample value

b. .A point estimate is a multiple numbers

c. .A point estimate is a single number

d. .A point estimate is always less than a population value

45 / 104

45)

Which of the following statements is true about the standard error of a proportion?

a. It is always greater than the standard deviation

b. It is approximately equal to the standard deviation when the sample size is large

c. It always lies close to 0

d. It is a measure of the sampling variation of the observed proportion p about the true 3 (population) proportion (

46 / 104

46)

A positive predictive value of a test increases as:

a. The prevalence of disease in the population is constant

b. The prevalence of disease in the population increases

c. The prevalence of disease in the population decreases

d. The incidence of disease in the population increases

47 / 104

47)

A group of 100 people are asked to state their favourite colour. 60 say blue. This experiment says that the probability of someone choosing blue is:

a. 30%

b. 50%

c. 60%

d. 40%

48 / 104

48)

The width of a confidence interval is influenced by:

a. The sampling distribution

b. The sample size n

c. The standard error

d. The distance between the sample mean and the population mean

49 / 104

49)

Population census is conducted through

a. Sample survey

b. Accounting

c. Complete enumeration

d. Investigation

50 / 104

50)

តើអ្វីខ្លះជាផ្នែករបស់ Descriptive statistics?

a. Mode

b. Mean

c. Median

d. Mode, Median & Mean

51 / 104

51)

What is the correct interpretation of 95% confidence interval below:

a. In repeated sampling, 95% of the interval will not capture the sample values.

b. In repeated sampling, 95% of the interval will capture the population values.

c. In repeated sampling, 95% of the interval will not capture the population values.

d. In repeated sampling, 95% of the interval will capture the sample values.

52 / 104

52)

Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic

a. Can never be smaller than the population parameter

b. Can be smaller, larger, or equal to the population parameter

c. Can never be equal to the population parameter

d. Can never be larger than the population parameter

53 / 104

53)

μ is an example of a

a. Population variance

b. Mode

c. Population parameter

d. Sample statistic

54 / 104

54)

You asked five of your classmates about their height. On the basis of this information, you stated that the average height of all students in your university or college is 1.67 meters. This is an example of:

a. Descriptive statistics

b. Parameter

c. Population

d. Inferential Statistics

55 / 104

55) Confidence intervals are calculated for proportions, rates, risk ratios, odds ratios, and other epidemiologic measures:

a. When the purpose is to test hypothesis

b. When the purpose is to calculate sample size

c. When the purpose is to draw inferences from a sample survey or study to the larger population.

d. When the purpose to calculate test statistics

56 / 104

56)

What is the correct answer about a confidence interval statement:

a. The narrower the confidence interval, the invalid the point estimate

b. The narrower the confidence interval, the decreased sample size

c. The narrower the confidence interval, the more precise the point estimate

d. The narrower the confidence interval, the less precise the point estimate

57 / 104

57)

In statistics, a sample mean:

a. All the items under investigation

b. .A portion of the population

c. .A portion of the sample

d. .A set of data

58 / 104

58)

ស្ថិតិវិទ្យា (statistics) មានចែកចេញជា

a. Inferential statistics & hypothesis testing

b. Descriptive & inferential statistic

c. Inferential statistics & standard deviation

d. Descriptive statistics & estimation

59 / 104

59)

A positive predictive value depend on:

a. The negative predictive value of the disease in the population tested

b. The mortality of the disease in the population tested

c. The sensitivity of the disease in the population tested

d. The incidence of the disease in the population tested

60 / 104

60)

What is the correct statement of specificity of a screening test:

a. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease.

b. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease.

c. The ability of a test to indicate which individuals have the disease and which do not.

d. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

61 / 104

61)

What is the statement of sensitivity of a diagnostic test:

a. The proportion of patients who test negative who are actually free of the disease

b. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease from all individuals with the disease

c. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

d. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease from all individuals free from the disease

62 / 104

62)

Chose the incorrect statement describe the diagnostic test:

a. Diagnostic tests are sometimes provide false negative result

b. Diagnostic tests are never perfect.

c. Diagnostic tests are sometimes provide false positive result

d. Diagnostic tests are always perfect.

63 / 104

63)

The primary reason for selecting a sample from a population is:

a. To provide evidence of the study result

b. To save money

c. To draw inferences about that population

d. To save time

64 / 104

64)

A parameter is a measure which is computed from

a. Population data

b. Sample data

c. Raw data

d. Test statistics

65 / 104

65)

The Positive Predictive Value was 40% means that:

a. The incidence of disease was 44%

b. The prevalence of disease was 44%

c. The prevalence rate is 44%

d. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of disease was 44%.

66 / 104

66)

តើអ្វីខ្លះជាផ្នែករបស់ Descriptive statistics?

a. Range & median

b. Measure of dispersion

c. Measure of central tendency

d. Measure of Central of tendency & measures of dispersion

67 / 104

67)

When data are collected in a statistical study for only a portion or subset of all elements of interest we are using

a. .A parameter

b. An observation

c. .A population

d. .A sample

68 / 104

68)

The Positive Predictive Value depends on:

a. The incidence of disease

b. The number of population

c. Prevalence of the disease in the population tested,

d. The prevalence of disease

69 / 104

69)

What is the correct statement of positive predictive value (PPV) of a screening test:

a. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease.

b. The ability of a test to indicate which individuals have the disease and which do not.

c. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

d. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease.

70 / 104

70)

The negative predictive value of a test decreases:

a. The incidence of disease increase

b. Prevalence of the disease in the population increases

c. The prevalence of disease decreases

d. The number of population stable

71 / 104

71)

On the statements below which are validstatements of probability:

a. The probability that this patient will die is between 101% to 200%

b. The probability that this patient will die is greater than 100%

c. The probability that this patient will die is less than 0%

d. The probability that this patient will die is less than 10%

72 / 104

72)

What is the correct answer about a point estimate statement:

a. .A point estimate is a true value of the study population parameter.

b. .A point estimate is used to estimate the sample size

c. .A point estimate is the statistic, computed from population information

d. .A point estimate is the statistic, computed from sample information,

73 / 104

73)

Which below statement is not correct:

a. An estimate of the parameter based on observed information in the sample

b. Point estimates are not calculated from sample.

c. Statistics are known values computed from a sample

d. Statistics are random variables because they differ from sample to sample

74 / 104

74)

In descriptive statistics, we study:

a. How to calculate the sample size in a study

b. How to describe the probability distribution

c. The description of decision making process

d. The methods for organizing, displaying and describing data

75 / 104

75)

What is the statement of negative predictive value of a diagnostic test:

a. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

b. The proportion of patients who test negative who are actually free of the disease

c. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease from all individuals with the disease

d. The ability of the test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease from all individuals free from the disease

76 / 104

76)

A normal distribution curve is determined by the (chose the correct answer):

a. Mean and sample size

b. Range and sample size

c. Range and standard deviation

d. Mean and standard deviation

77 / 104

77)

Which below statement is not correct:

a. .A point estimate is used to estimate the population parameter

b. .A point estimate is single numberthat is an estimate of the population parameter

c. .A point estimate is the statistic computed from sample information

d. .A point estimate is two numbersthat are estimate of the population parameter

78 / 104

78)

What is the wrong interpretation of 95% confidence interval:

a. The interpretation of confidence interval is always relates to a statistic and never a parameter

b. We are 95% confident that the true value of population (parameter) is between this interval.

c. We can be 95% confident that the true value of population (parameter) lies within this interval.

d. The interpretation of confidence interval is always relates to a parameter and never a statistic.

79 / 104

79)

Which of the statements is true if a particular event has a probability of 10%?

a. It is impossible to happen

b. It is certain to happen

c. It is likely to happen

d. There is a one-in-ten chance it will happen.

80 / 104

80)

The width of a confidence interval is influenced by:

a. The sample size determination

b. The desired level of confidence

c. The distance between the sample mean and the population mean

d. The population parameter.

81 / 104

81)

Which below statement is not correct:

a. The confidence interval represents a range of values on either side of the estimate

b. The narrower the confidence interval, the less precise the point estimate

c. The narrower the confidence interval, the more precise the point estimate.

d. Confidence interval describes the precision of the estimate

82 / 104

82)

Positive Predictive Value primarily depends on (chose the incorrect answer):

a. Prevalence of the disease in the population tested,

b. Incidence of the disease

c. Sensitivity and specificity

d. In general, it depends more on the specificity

83 / 104

83)

On the statements below which are valid statements of probability:

a. .A women’s probability suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is 1 in 12

b. .A women’s probability suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is 12 in 1

c. .A women’s probability suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is 12 in 3

d. .A women’s probability suffering from breast cancer in her life-time is 12 in 2

84 / 104

84)

The width of a confidence interval will decrease when which of the following changes occur:

a. The sample size n decreases

b. The precision of the estimate of the population mean decreases

c. The sample size n increases

d. The desired level of confidence increases

85 / 104

85)

The height of a student is 1.62 meters. This is an example of:

a. Qualitative data

b. Categorical data

c. Continuous data

d. Discrete data

86 / 104

86)

If an event has a probability of 0.8 it is:

a. Impossible to happen

b. Certain to happen

c. Unlikely to happen

d. Likely to happen.

87 / 104

87)

If a negative predictive value was 98%, it means that:

a. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being disease-free was 98%.

b. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of disease was 2%

c. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of disease was 98%.

d. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being disease-free was 2%.

88 / 104

88)

The factors that determine the width of a confidence interval are except one:

a. The variability in the population, usually σ estimated by s.

b. The sample size, n.

c. The means of sample

d. The desired level of confidence.

89 / 104

89)

What is the probability of getting an odd number when you roll a dice?

a. 1/2

b. 1/5

c. 1/4

d. 1/3

90 / 104

90)

A positive predictive value depend on:

a. The incidence of the disease in the population tested

b. The prevalence of the disease in the population tested

c. The mortality of the disease in the population tested

d. The negative predictive value of the disease in the population tested

91 / 104

91)

If we want less chance of error we could calculate (chose the correct answer):

a. .A 95% confidence interval

b. .A 99% confidence interval

c. .A 90% confidence interval

d. .A 98% confidence interval

92 / 104

92)

A screening test result for cervical cancer show that NPV= 99%. It means that:

a. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being cervical cancer-free was 1%

b. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being cervical cancer-free was 99%

c. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being cervical cancer-free was more than 99%

d. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being cervical cancer-free was less than 99%

93 / 104

93)

Which answer below is not correct about the confidence interval:

a. Confidence interval cannot be calculated by hand

b. Confidence interval can be calculated by Stata

c. Confidence interval can be calculated by SPSS

d. Confidence interval can be calculated by SAS

94 / 104

94)

In a study of Cambodian people over 65 years of age, it is found that 255 have heart disease and 2302 do not. If a Cambodian over 65 years of age is randomly selected, what is the estimated probability that he or she has heart disease:

a. 255/(255+2302)

b. 255/2302

c. 2302/(255+2302)

d. 2302/255

95 / 104

95)

Students had attended a blood donor session at the University of Health Science when a new donor arrived. Blood can be classified into 4 groups: O, A, B and AB. The table below shows the number of people in each blood group. What is the probability that the next donor belongs to blood group O?

a. 46%

b. 8%

c. 3%

d. 43%

96 / 104

96)

A confidence interval is describe (chose the correct answer):

a. The validity of the estimate

b. The sampling error of the estimate

c. The sampling distribution.

d. The precision of the estimate

97 / 104

97)

If the penalty for missing a case is high (e.g., the disease is fatal and treatment exists, or disease easily spreads) the best diagnostic test is:

a. use a cut-point with high specificity

b. use a cut-point with low specificity

c. use a cut-point with low sensitivity

d. Maximize true positives

98 / 104

98)

What is the correct interpretation of 95% confidence interval below:

a. In repeated sampling, 95% of the 95% CIs calculated in this manner would capture the true value of population.

b. In repeated sampling, 95% of the 95% CIs calculated in this manner would capture the value of sample

c. In repeated sampling, 95% of the 95% CIs calculated in this manner would not be capture the true value of population

d. In repeated sampling, 95% of the 95% CIs calculated in this manner would not be capture the true value of sample

99 / 104

99)

If a specificity of a screening test was 89%, it means that:

a. The probability of the screening test incorrectly identifying non-diseased subjects was 21%.

b. The probability of the screening test correctly identifying non-diseased subjects was 21%.

c. The probability of the screening test correctly identifying non-diseased subjects was 89%.

d. The probability of the screening test incorrectly identifying non-diseased subjects was 89%.

100 / 104

100)

On the statements below which are validstatements of probability:

a. Our probability of dying is 100%

b. My probability of winning the lottery is less than 0.

c. We are 150% certain of success.

d. We are 101% certain of success.

101 / 104

101)

All statements below are correct to describe the positive predictive value of a screening test except one:

a. Likelihood of not having the disease when test is negative

b. The proportion of patients who test positive who actually have the disease.

c. The proportion of positive test results that are true positive.

d. Likelihood of having the disease when test is positive.

102 / 104

102)

If a positive predictive value was 44%, it means that:

a. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of disease was 56%.

b. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being disease-free was 56%

c. Among those who had a positive screening new test, the probability of disease was 44%.

d. Among those who had a negative screening new test, the probability of being disease-free was 44%

103 / 104

103)

What is the correct statement of diagnostic test:

a. .A diagnostic test is used to determine the presence or absence of a disease when a subject does not shows signs or symptoms of the disease

b. .A diagnostic test is used to determine the presence or absence of a disease when a subject shows signs or symptoms of the disease

c. .A diagnostic test is not used to determine the presence or absence of a disease when a subject shows signs or symptoms of the disease

d. The diagnostic test is performed before a positive screening

104 / 104

104)

In inferential statistics, we study

a. How to make decisions about mean, median, or mode

b. How to estimate the sample size

c. The methods to make decisions about population based on sample results

d. How a sample is obtained from a population

Your score is

The average score is 86%

Any comments?