/143 542 Statistiques Et Méthodologie De La Recherche Preparation (Dr. Tok Bunkea) 1 / 143 1) In simple regression equation, the numbers of variables involved are: a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 0 2 / 143 2) A coefficient of correlation is computed to be -0.95 means that a. The relationship between two variables is weak. b. Correlation coefficient cannot have this value c. The relationship between two variables is strong and but negative d. The relationship between two variables is strong and positive 3 / 143 3) If the two series move in reverse directions and the variations in their values are always proportionate, it is said to be: a. Perfect positive correlation b. Positive correlation c. Negative correlation d. Perfect negative correlation 4 / 143 4) If the points on the scatter diagram indicate that as one variable increases the other variable tends to decrease the value of r will be: a. Zero b. Negative c. Perfect negative d. Perfect positive 5 / 143 5) When correlation coefficient is 1, all the points in a scatter diagram would lie? a. On a straight line b. On a straight line directed from upper left to lower right c. On a straight line directed from lower left to upper right d. Under the line 6 / 143 6) 2. A relationship where the flow of the data points is best represented by a curve is called: a. Linear negative b. Linear positive c. Linear relationship d. Nonlinear relationship 7 / 143 7) Which of the following statements is false? a. The coefficient of determination can be applied to any straight line. b. The coefficient of determination can be applied to any curve. c. The coefficient of determination is the variation in y explained by variation in x, divided by the total variation in y. d. The coefficient of determination can have values from –1 to 1. 8 / 143 8) If the value of any regression coefficient is zero, then two variables are: a. Independent b. Correlation c. Qualitative d. Dependent 9 / 143 9) The most commonly used formula to describe linear relationship is? a. ŷ = b0 + b1x+b2 b. ŷ = b0 + b1x c. ŷ = b0 + b1x2 d. ŷ = b0 + b1x + b2x2 10 / 143 10) All data points falling along a straight line is called: a. Linear relationship b. Non linear relationship c. Residual d. Scatter diagram 11 / 143 11) If Y = 2 – 0.2X, then the value of Y intercept is equal to: a. 2 b. -2 c. 0.2X d. -0.2 12 / 143 12) Internal “validity” refers to: a. Whether or not there is really a causal relationship between two variables b. how accurately the measurements represent underlying concepts. c. whether or not the findings are relevant to the researchers' everyday lives. d. The extent to which the researcher believes that this was a worthwhile project 13 / 143 13) In regression analysis, the variable that is being predicted is the: a. response, or dependent, variable b. is usually x c. independent variable d. intervening variable 14 / 143 14) Let the coefficient of determination computed to be 0.39 in a problem involving one independent variable and one dependent variable. This result means that a. The correlation coefficient is 0.39 also b. The relationship between two variables is negative c. 39% of the total variation is explained by the independent variable d. 39% of the total variation is explained by the dependent variable 15 / 143 15) Two variables have a positive association when? a. the values of one variable tend to increase as the values of the other variable increase. b. the values of both variables are always positive. c. the values of one variable tend to increase irregard less of how the values of the other variable change. d. the values of one variable tend to decrease as the values of the other variable increase. 16 / 143 16) When regression line passes through the origin, then: a. Correlation is zero b. Regression coefficient is zero c. Association is zero d. Intercept is zero 17 / 143 17) If the Pearson Correlation Coefficient shows zero value, it means that: a. There is a weak relationship between the two variables b. There is no relationship between the two variables c. There is a relationship between the two variables d. There is a strong relationship between the two variables 18 / 143 18) If regression line of Y= 5, then value of regression coefficient of Y on X is: a. 5 b. 0 c. 1 d. 0.5 19 / 143 19) The straight line graph of the linear equation Y = a + bX, slope is horizontal if: a. b ≠ 0 b. b = 1 c. b = 0 d. a = b 20 / 143 20) Method is used to infer that the results from a sample are reflective of the true populationscores. ? a. Regression statistics b. Descriptive statistics c. Inferential statistics d. Correlated statistics 21 / 143 21) The slope of the regression line of Y on X is also called the: a. Correlation coefficient of Y on X b. Regression coefficient of X on Y c. Correlation coefficient of X on Y d. Regression coefficient of Y on X 22 / 143 22) Which of the following statements is true? a. The coefficient of determination can have values from 0 to 1. b. The coefficient of determination can have values from 1 to 2 c. The coefficient of determination can have values from –1 to -2. d. The coefficient of determination can have values from –1 to 1. 23 / 143 23) In simple linear regression model Y = α + βX + ε where α and β are called a. Parameters b. Variables c. Random errors d. Estimates 24 / 143 24) The sum of the difference between the actual values of Y and its values obtained from the fitted regression line is always: a. Negative b. Positive c. Minimum d. Zero 25 / 143 25) The straight line graph of the linear equation Y = a + bX, slope will be downward If: a. b ≠ 0 b. b = 0 c. b > 0 d. b < 0 26 / 143 26) A statistical technique that develops an equation that relates a dependent variable to one ormore independent variables is called: a. Correlation analysis b. Inference c. Regression analysis d. Partial correlation analysis 27 / 143 27) In the regression equation Y = a+bX, the Y is called a. Estimate b. Continuous variable c. Dependent variable d. Independent variable 28 / 143 28) The two forms of t-test are: a. Factorial and interaction b. One-way and two-way c. Bivariate and multiple d. Independent and dependent 29 / 143 29) A scatter plot? a. Is used to compare parts to the whole or to compare the total with each part or percentage b. Is useful in comparing differences in magnitude of different variables c. Shows a continuous relationship between two variables over time d. Shows a (negative or positive) relationship or correlation between 2 variables and how they interact 30 / 143 30) Correlation analysis is used to: a. Measure the strength of association between two variables b. Simultaneously compare the effect of multiple independent variables on a dependent variable c. Analyse data d. Predict values of y based on values of x 31 / 143 31) Which of the following statements is true regarding a sample? a. It refers to estimation b. It refers to descriptive statistics c. It is a part of population d. It must contain at least five observations 32 / 143 32) My estimated regression line is Y = 17 + 4X. The intercept is equal to: a. 17 b. 4 c. 21 d. 13 33 / 143 33) To compare two means we use: a. Chi-squared test b. t-test c. Oneway ANOVA d. F-test 34 / 143 34) A scatterplot is a ? a. one-dimensional graph of randomly scattered data. b. two-dimensional graph of a straight line. c. two-dimensional graph of data values. d. two-dimensional graph of a curved line. 35 / 143 35) A procedure used to select a sample of n objects from a population in such a way that eachmember of the population is chosen strictly by chance, each member of the population is equallylikely to be chosen, and every possible sample of a given size, n, has the same chance of selectionis known as: a. descriptive statistics. b. Simple random sampling c. statistical thinking. d. statistical analysis. 36 / 143 36) The term regression was used by: a. Galton b. Pearson c. Newton d. Spearman 37 / 143 37) If two variables have a correlation coefficient of .30, what percentage of one variable isaccounted for by the other variable? a. 30% b. 10% c. 9% d. 70% 38 / 143 38) When the p-value is greater than 0.05 we can conclude that: a. Fail to reject the null hypothesis b. Statistically significant c. Reject the null hypothesis d. Strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis 39 / 143 39) The signs of regression coefficients and correlation coefficient are always: a. Same b. Different c. Negative d. Positive 40 / 143 40) If you have 20 pairs of subjects what would be the degrees of freedom for a test of correlationbetween the groups of scores? a. 19 b. 22 c. 20 d. 21 41 / 143 41) If the plotted points in a scatter diagram lie from upper left to lower right, then the correlationis : a. Strong b. Negative c. Zero d. Positive 42 / 143 42) Inferential statistics enable you to (Except one): a. estimate population parameters. b. decide if your research results are meaningful. c. decide if the research hypothesis is true d. decide if the null hypothesis is false 43 / 143 43) If there is a very strong correlation between two variables then the correlation coefficient mustbe: a. much larger than 0, regardless of whether the correlation is negative or positive b. much smaller than 0, if the correlation is negative c. any value larger than 1 d. less than zero 44 / 143 44) The correlation coefficient, r, can take on any value within what range? a. -1 ≤ r b. 0 ≤ r ≤ 1 c. r ≥ 1 d. -1 ≤ r ≤ 1 45 / 143 45) Which of the following are examples of continuous variables? a. Number of children b. Age in year c. Birth weight of babies d. Distance between 46 / 143 46) The coefficient of determination, r2, indicates: a. The slope of the line of best fit b. How closely the data fit a defined curve c. The sum of the residuals from each data point d. The linear relationship between two variables 47 / 143 47) The total variation explained by a regression model is given by: a. R2 b. The t-value c. The f-value d. The p-value 48 / 143 48) A qualitative variable: a. Always refers to a sample b. Has many outcomes c. Is not numeric d. Has only two possible outcomes 49 / 143 49) The null hypothesis states the means are: a. Research hypothesis b. Not equal c. Equal d. Alternative hypothesis 50 / 143 50) The step in the data analysis process is (EXCEPT ONE): a. Data analysis and interpretation b. Data promotion c. Data retrieval d. Data presentation 51 / 143 51) The value we would predict for the dependent variable when the independent variables are allequal to zero is called: a. Sum of residual b. Intercept c. Slope d. Difficult to tell 52 / 143 52) In the regression equation Y = a + bX, b is called: a. Slope b. Slope and Regression coefficient c. Intercept d. Regression coefficient 53 / 143 53) In the regression equation y = bo + b1x1, b1 is the a. y intercept b. independent variable c. slope of the line d. parameter 54 / 143 54) Scatter diagram helps us to : a. Calculate slop b. Find the nature correlation between two variables c. Compute the extent of correlation between two variables d. Obtain the mathematical relationship between two variables 55 / 143 55) Which part of written report that can answer the research question? a. Introduction b. Method c. Discussion d. Result 56 / 143 56) If the slope of the regression equation y = bo + b1x is positive, then a. as x increases y decreases b. as x decrease y increases c. as x increases y increases d. as x decrease y decreases 57 / 143 57) The regression equation always passes through: a. (a, b) b. mean X, Mean Y c. (X, Y) d. Mean X 58 / 143 58) If the correlation coefficient is a positive value, then the slope of the regression line: a. can be either negative or positive b. can not be zero c. can be zero d. must also be positive 59 / 143 59) In regression analysis, the variable that is doing the predicting or explaining is a. usually denoted by y b. the independent variable c. the dependent variable d. the slope 60 / 143 60) If the coefficient of determination is equal to 1, then the correlation coefficient: a. must also be equal to 1 b. can be any value between -1 to +1 c. must be -1 d. can be either -1 or +1 61 / 143 61) The arithmetic mean of the two regression coefficients is greater than or equal to: a. -1 b. +1 c. 0 d. r 62 / 143 62) If all the plotted points in a scatter diagram lie on a single line, then the correlation is : a. Perfect correlation b. Weak c. Perfect negative d. Strong 63 / 143 63) To investigate the association between two categorical variables we use: a. F-test b. t-test c. z-test d. Chi-squared test 64 / 143 64) The dependent variable is also called except one: a. Explained variable b. Independent variable c. Predictand variable d. Regressand variable 65 / 143 65) The purpose of simple linear regression analysis is to: a. Measure the degree to which two variables are linearly associated b. Predict one variable from another variable c. Obtain the expected value of the independent variable d. Replace points on a scatter diagram by a straight-line 66 / 143 66) A measure of the strength of the linear relationship that exists between two variables is called: a. Correlation coefficient b. Slope c. Regression equation d. Intercept 67 / 143 67) To compare three independent means we use: a. Oneway ANOVA b. F-test c. Chi-squared test d. t-test 68 / 143 68) The coefficient of determination (sometimes known as the regression coefficient) enables you to: a. measure the difference between two variables. b. assess the strength of relationship between a quantifiable dependent variable and one or more quantifiable independent variables. c. establish whether the data is telling you what you think it should tell you. d. assess whether two variables measure the same phenomenon. 69 / 143 69) An r value of 0.80 indicates: a. No linear correlation b. Correlation but not linear c. Strong linear correlation d. Perfect linear correlation 70 / 143 70) Negative regression coefficient indicates that the movement of the variables are in: a. Opposite direction b. Difficult to tell c. Same and opposite direction d. Same direction 71 / 143 71) If both variables X and Y increase or decrease simultaneously, then the coefficient of correlation will be: a. One b. Zero c. Positive d. Negative 72 / 143 72) If a study is “reliable”, this means that: a. he measures devised for concepts are stable on different occasions. b. the methods are outlined in the methods discussion clearly enough for the research to be replicated. c. the findings can be generalized to other social phenomena d. it was conducted by a reputable researcher who can be trusted 73 / 143 73) The range of regression coefficient is: a. 0 to ∞ b. 0 to 1 c. -∞ to +∞ d. -1 to +1 74 / 143 74) Which of the following requirements for a scientific report writing may depend on yourinstitution (EXCEPT ONE)? a. Whether an abstract should be included b. The size of the study c. Oral presentation d. The format for referencing 75 / 143 75) R2 is used in regression analysis to: a. Measure model fit b. Estimate correlation c. To determine how well the model works d. Measure the amount of variance in the dependent variable explained by variation in the independent variables 76 / 143 76) The predicted rate of response of the dependent variable to changes in the independent variableis called: a. Error b. Regression equation c. Slope d. Intercept 77 / 143 77) An alternative to statistical techniques for analysis of data to find patterns and trends is? a. Data mapping b. Data trending c. Data mining d. Data analysis 78 / 143 78) Correlation and regression are concerned with ? a. the relationship between a categorical explanatory variable and a quantitative response variable. b. the relationship between two categorical variables. c. the relationship between two quantitative variables. d. the relationship between a quantitative explanatory variable and a categorical response variable. 79 / 143 79) If the coefficient of determination is 0.81, the correlation coefficient: a. must be positive b. is 0.6561 c. must be negative d. could be either + 0.9 or – 0.9 80 / 143 80) Scatter diagram is considered for measuring : a. Predict dependent variable b. Linear relationship between two variables c. Curvilinear relationship between two variables d. Predict independent variable 81 / 143 81) A discrete variable is: a. Can assume only certain clearly separated values b. Can assume only whole number values c. An example of a qualitative variable d. Can have two values 82 / 143 82) In scatter diagram, if most of the points lie in the first and third quadrants, then coefficient of correlation is: a. Negative b. Zero c. Positive d. Constant 83 / 143 83) The best fitting trend is one for which the sum of squares of error is? a. Minimum (Least) b. Less than 1 c. Maximum d. Zero 84 / 143 84) The mean of a sampling distribution of a sample statistic is called : a. the standard error. b. the central limit. c. the mean of the means. d. the expected value 85 / 143 85) Correlation analysis aims at : a. Measuring the extent of relation between two variables b. Establishing relation between two variables c. Investigate cause of outcome d. Predicting one variable for a given value of the other variable 86 / 143 86) The strength (degree) of the correlation between a set of independent variables X and a dependent variable Y is measured by a. Sample size b. Standard error of estimate c. Coefficient of Determination d. Coefficient of Correlation 87 / 143 87) In regression, the equation that describes how the response variable (y) is related to theexplanatory variable (x) is: a. the regression model b. the correlation model c. used to compute the correlation coefficient d. the sample size 88 / 143 88) The percent of total variation of the dependent variable Y explained by the set of independent variables X is measured by a. Standard Error or Estimate b. Coefficient of Determination c. Coefficient of Correlation d. Coefficient of Skewness 89 / 143 89) Which of the following statements regarding a researcher’s use of inferential statistics istrue? a. Descriptive statistics from a sample are used to estimate the characteristics of the population. b. It is best to measure every member of a population if possible c. A random sample provides a perfect estimate of the population values. d. We usually need to take several samples to obtain a good estimate of the population values. 90 / 143 90) When the p-value is less than 0.05 we can conclude that: a. No evidence to reject the null hypothesis b. No statistically significant c. Fail to reject the null hypothesis d. Reject the null hypothesis 91 / 143 91) In correlation both variables are always? a. Random b. Non Random c. different d. same 92 / 143 92) Inferential statistics enable you to : a. calculate sample size. b. estimate sample size c. decide collecting data d. decide if the research hypothesis is true 93 / 143 93) When the ratio of variations in the related variables is constant, it is called: a. Linear correlation b. Nonlinear correlation c. Negative correlation d. Positive correlation 94 / 143 94) The coefficient of determination is the? a. ratio of the explained variation to the total variation. b. ratio of the unexplained deviation to the explained deviation. c. ratio of the unexplained deviation to the total variation. d. ratio of the explained variation to the total deviation. 95 / 143 95) Positive regression coefficient indicates that the movement of the variables are in: a. Opposite direction b. Downward direction c. Same direction d. Upward direction 96 / 143 96) In descriptive statistics our main objective is to: a. Describe the data we collected b. Describe the population c. Infer something about the population d. Draw conclusion 97 / 143 97) If the points on the scatter diagram show no tendency either to increase together or decrease together the value of r will be close to: a. -1 b. 0 c. 0.5 d. +1 98 / 143 98) The mean, median, mode and standard deviation are examples of: a. Part of experimental studies b. Descriptive statistics c. Inferential statistics d. Linear regression statistics 99 / 143 99) What does it mean when you calculate a 95% confidence interval? a. The sample result is between this interval b. You can be “95% confident” that your interval will include the population parameter c. The process you used will capture the true parameter 95% of the time in the long run d. You can be “5% confident” that your interval will not include the population parameter 100 / 143 100) Which of these is not one of the four main reasons for missing data? a. The analyst ignored its presence on the data form. b. The data was not required from the respondent, perhaps because of a skip generated by a filter question in a survey c. The respondent may have missed a question by mistake. d. The respondent did not know the answer or did not have an opinion 101 / 143 101) Which Statistical software come with appropriate table, graph, and/or chart-buildingfeatures to easily convert tabular data into a variety of formats.? a. Stata b. Excel c. Word, Excel d. Access 102 / 143 102) if the correlation coefficient r = 0.5 then the coefficient of determination is? a. 0.10 b. 0.25 c. 1.00 d. 2.50 103 / 143 103) In regression analysis, if the independent variable is measured in kilograms, the dependentvariable: a. can be any units b. must also be in kilograms c. cannot be in kilograms d. must be in some unit of weight 104 / 143 104) Inferential statistics are useful for: a. Interviews b. Construct validity c. Determining the probability of something d. Observing natural behavior 105 / 143 105) When the two regression lines are parallel to each other, then their slopes are: a. Zero b. Positive c. Same d. Different 106 / 143 106) If all the values fall on the same straight line and the line has a positive slope then what will bethe value of the correlation coefficient ‘r’: a. r ≥ 0 b. 0 ≤ r ≤ 1 c. r = -1 d. r = +1 107 / 143 107) In the regression equation Y = a +bX, a is called: a. X-intercept b. Independent variable c. Y-intercept d. Dependent variable 108 / 143 108) If all the actual and estimated values of Y are same on the regression line, the sum of squares of error will be: a. Zero b. Maximum c. Unknown d. Minimum 109 / 143 109) The value of the coefficient of determination (r2) ranges between a. 0 to +1 b. -1 to +1 c. 1 to infinity d. -1 to 0 110 / 143 110) Because of the possibility of error in sampling from populations, researchers use: a. Significance b. Probability c. Descriptive d. Unbiased 111 / 143 111) In the regression equation Y = a + bX, where a and b are called: a. Intercept and slope b. Constants c. Estimates d. Parameters 112 / 143 112) A process by which we estimate the value of dependent variable on the basis of one or moreindependent variables is called: a. Correlation b. Residual c. Regression d. Slope 113 / 143 113) If a researcher conducts a study in which the reading ability of a class of 20 second graders istested at the beginning and at the end of the year, the appropriate statistical procedure toanalyze the results would be: a. Chi-square b. ANOVA c. ANCOVA d. The dependent samples t-test 114 / 143 114) The degree of linear association between two metric scaled variables is measured by: a. significance level b. β c. analysis of variance d. Pearson correlation coefficient 115 / 143 115) Inferential statistics is a process that involves all of the following EXCEPT: a. test a hypothesis b. Estimating a statistic. c. Estimating a parameter d. analyze relationships 116 / 143 116) If two variables, x and y, have a very strong linear relationship, then: a. there might not be any causal relationship between x and y b. There is large correlation coefficient c. there is evidence that x causes a change in y d. there is evidence that y causes a change in x 117 / 143 117) If the correlation coefficient is 0.8, the percentage of variation in the response variable explainedby the variation in the explanatory variable is: a. 64% b. 0.80% c. 80% d. 0.64% 118 / 143 118) A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is: a. accepted but and research hypothesis is actually true. b. rejected and null hypothesis is actually true. c. accepted and null hypothesis is actually true. d. Rejected and the research hypothesis is actually false. 119 / 143 119) In simple linear regression, the numbers of unknown constants are: a. One b. Two c. Four d. Three 120 / 143 120) Relationship between correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination is that? a. both are equal b. both are unrelated c. The coefficient of determination is the square root of the coefficient of correlation d. The coefficient of determination is the coefficient of correlation squared 121 / 143 121) If the value of regression coefficient is zero, then the two variable are called: a. Independent b. Difficult to tell c. Independent and dependent d. Dependent 122 / 143 122) The coefficient of correlation a. can never be positive b. is the square root of the coefficient of determination c. is the coefficient of determination squared d. can never be negative 123 / 143 123) Inferential statistics enable you to : a. decide analysis data b. decide conducting interview c. estimate population parameters. d. decide conducting research 124 / 143 124) An example of an experimental study is a(n): a. Case report b. Randomized clinical trial c. Cross-sectional study d. Focus group 125 / 143 125) Computers are essential for quantitative data analysis because? a. they are so powerful b. they enable easy calculation for those of us not too good with figures c. they are fun to use. d. increasingly data analysis software contain algorithms that check the data for obvious errors as it is entered 126 / 143 126) When there is no linear correlation between two variables, what will the value of r be? a. Negative number b. -1 c. +1 d. 0 127 / 143 127) The null hypothesis states the means are: a. Research hypothesis b. Not equal c. Alternative hypothesis d. Equal 128 / 143 128) 51. What is the slope of the line y = -3.4x – 2.5? a. -3.4 b. 3.4 c. -2.5 d. 2.5 129 / 143 129) The difference between regression analysis and correlation analysis is (except one): a. Correlation is the same as regression b. Regression enables prediction of the dependent variable c. Regression provides measures of association in units of the variable being measured d. Regression estimates the line of best fit through the data 130 / 143 130) 1. The method of least squares dictates that we choose a regression line where the sum of thesquare of deviations of the points from the lie is: a. Zero b. Minimum c. Maximum d. Positive 131 / 143 131) A perfect positive correlation is signified by: a. +1 b. -1 c. -1 to +1 d. 0 132 / 143 132) If the plotted points in a scatter diagram are evenly distributed, then the correlation is : a. Zero b. Weak c. Positive d. Negative 133 / 143 133) Quantitative data refers to: a. statistical analysis b. graphs and tables. c. any data you present in your report d. numerical data that could usefully be quantified to help you answer your research question(s) and to meet your objectives 134 / 143 134) The measure of how well the regression line fits the data is the: a. standard error b. slope of the regression c. coefficient of determination d. mean square error 135 / 143 135) The graph showing the paired points of (Xi, Yi) is called: a. Pie diagram b. Scatter diagram c. Histogram d. Historigram 136 / 143 136) If one item is fixed and unchangeable and the other item varies, the correlation coefficient will be: a. Negative b. Positive c. Zero d. Undecided 137 / 143 137) In regression analysis, the variable that is being predicted is a. slope b. the dependent variable c. the independent variable d. usually denoted by x 138 / 143 138) Bivariate Data are the data collected for : a. Two variables at different points of time. b. More than two variables c. Two variables at the same point of time d. Two variables 139 / 143 139) A t-test is used to compare: a. 3 means b. 4 means c. 2 means d. 5 means 140 / 143 140) 31. The value of the coefficient of correlation r lies between: a. 0 and 1 b. -1 and +1 c. -0-.5 and +0.5 d. -1 and 0 141 / 143 141) The correlation coefficient is used to determine: a. The estimation parameter b. A specific value of the y-variable given a specific value of the x-variable c. The strength of the relationship between the x and y variables d. A specific value of the x-variable given a specific value of the y-variable 142 / 143 142) In the regression equation y = bo + bx, bo is the a. y intercept b. parameter c. independent variable d. slope of the line 143 / 143 143) The coefficient of determination (r2) is a. the square root of the correlation coefficient b. the correlation coefficient squared c. 100% d. usually less than zero Your score isThe average score is 84% Facebook 0% Restart quiz Any comments? Send feedback